Over the past 25 years now I've been lucky enough to film some 在过去的25年里,我很幸运地拍摄了一些
fantastic wildlife for BBC Wales,and more often than not BBC威尔士的奇妙野生动物,而且往往不是
with a very small crew like this 像这样一个很小的船员
and as you can see,not always in good weather either. 正如你所看到的,并不总是在好天气.
It has to be said! Now,we have got some cracking footage. 不得不说!现在,我们得到了一些破裂的镜头.
I thought it'd be good fun to look back through the archives 我想回顾一下档案会很有趣
at what we got up to. 在我们所做的事情上.
I'm actually within a foot of one of Snowdonia's 实际上我离斯诺多尼亚的一个只有一英尺远
most voracious predators here. 这里最贪婪的食肉动物.
OK,it's not exactly a great white shark. 好吧,这不完全是大白鲨.
It's not a crocodile and it's not a tiger. 它不是鳄鱼,也不是老虎.
It's a green tiger beetle. 是绿虎甲虫
They've got this wonderful hooked beak there, 他们有一个很棒的钩嘴,
that they tear their prey up with. 他们把猎物撕碎.
Then they've got these needle-sharp claws which are in my fingers 然后他们有针尖的爪子在我的手指上
at the moment. 此刻.
So in this river,you've got trout, 所以在这条河里,你有鳟鱼,
you've got salmon,you've got all kinds of fish. 你有鲑鱼,你有各种各样的鱼.
You've also got dippers going underwater after invertebrates. 你也有潜水者在水下追逐无脊椎动物.
But what kind of invertebrates? 但什么样的无脊椎动物?
Well,the only way to find out is to actually go in there 找到答案的唯一方法就是真的进去
and have a look under some of these stones. 看看这些石头下面.
So basically,a day in the life of a natterjack toad here is 所以基本上,在这里的一个黄条蟾蜍的生活中的一天是
you wake up at night,come out of your little den, 你晚上醒来,从你的小窝里出来,
come into the water,bit of how's your father, 到水里来,你父亲怎么样了,
go into the vegetation,feed,and head back into your den. 进入植被,喂食,然后回到你的巢穴.
That's right.It's a nice life,innit? 没错，这是很好的生活，不是吗？
Come on! 来吧!
Lucky to catch her! 幸运地抓住了她!
Look at that! 你看!
See? I did have hair once. 看到了吗?我曾经有过头发.
Looked a bit like a Welsh Elvis,I thought there. 看起来有点像威尔士猫王,我想.
And you know what? There's no doubt we had a lot of fun. 你知道吗?毫无疑问,我们玩得很开心.
We filmed some cool stuff as well, 我们也拍了一些很酷的东西,
and we've monitored big changes 我们监控了很大的变化
in Welsh wildlife over the years,too. 多年来威尔士的野生动物也是如此.
And it all started for me way back in 1996 at a secret location 这一切都始于1996年在一个秘密地点
on a North Wales moor when I was...I was still working for the RSPB 我在威尔士北部的沼泽地上...我还在为RSPB工作
at the time,and it was a series called Visions of Snowdonia. 当时,这是一个名为《斯诺登尼亚的幻象》的系列.
In my first appearance on TV,I was looking for the nest 在我第一次出现在电视上时,我正在寻找巢穴
of my favourite bird - the hen harrier. 我最喜欢的鸟-雌鹞.
This is the nest. 这是巢穴.
It's just basically a platform of heather twigs. 它基本上只是一个石南树枝平台.
It was lined with bits of rushes and grass. 它两旁是一片片的灯心草和草.
But as they get older,there's more of a mess. 但随着年龄的增长,更多的是一团糟.
See,there's two at the back here,but they are stunning little birds. 看,后面有两只,但它们是漂亮的小鸟.
They're amazing-looking things. 它们看起来很棒.
Very owl-like,they do look like owls. 非常像猫头鹰,它们看起来确实像猫头鹰.
See the big eye? The ear is actually in there. 看到大眼睛了吗?耳朵实际上就在里面.
The ear is just in there,hidden behind this little tuft there. 耳朵就在里面,藏在这小簇后面.
See the kind of facial disc there? Get hold of it there. 看到那张脸上的圆盘了吗？在那里抓住它.
I do love these birds.I really do. 我真的很喜欢这些鸟.我真的喜欢.
They're my favourite birds. 它们是我最喜欢的鸟.
I've been...the first nest that I found was up on Berwyn 我去过...我发现的第一个巢穴就在伯温岛上
when I was 11,which would be 1973,74. 当我是11,这将是1973,74.
And I've been up there to look for them ever since. 从那以后我就一直在那里找他们.
And they are magnificent birds. 它们是华丽的鸟.
Now,one of the things I love about them is when I come 现在, 我最喜欢它们的一件事是，
up on the moor and I see when the female's incubating 当我来到荒野上，看到雌性正在孵化卵，
the eggs and the male brings in food for her and whistles her off the nest, 雄性为它带来食物，并用叫声把它从巢中召唤出来，
they then carry out what's called a food pass, 然后他们进行所谓的食物传递,
and that is something we filmed for a series called 这是我们为一个名为"
The Secret Life Of Birds. 鸟类的秘密生活.
Something really special about hen harriers,I think,you know, 关于雌鹞的一些特别之处,我想,你知道的,
the sky dancing and the food pass. 天空在飞舞,交换食物.
They're really special birds. 它们真的很特别.
And you could well see hen harriers up somewhere like this, 你可以在这样的地方看到雌鹞,
especially from early spring onwards. 特别是从早春开始.
What they like is this mix of tall grassland and bits of heather. 他们喜欢的是高高的草原和石南花的混合体.
This will be full of mice and voles and small birds and lizards. 这将充满老鼠和田鼠以及小鸟和蜥蜴.
Just what the harriers need. 正是鹞子所需要的.
And this is up above Trawsfynydd. 这是在特劳斯特尔上面.
Not far away at all. 一点也不远.
I tell you,another bird you'll get somewhere like this is the barn owl. 我告诉你,另一只鸟你会得到这样的地方是谷仓猫头鹰.
It's another bird that likes these vole-rich grasslands. 这是另一只喜欢这些田鼠丰富的草原的鸟.
And of course,barn owls have had a hard time now. 当然,谷仓猫头鹰现在很难相处.
For over 100 years,they've been in decline. 100多年来,它们一直在下降.
And we filmed a pair down in Gwent. 我们在格温特拍了一对.
They usually nest in old buildings or barns. 它们通常在旧建筑物或谷仓中筑巢.
And this pair was using a nest box. 这对人用的是一个巢箱.
A barn owl family with all chicks makes a lot of noise. 一个拥有所有雏鸟的谷仓猫头鹰家庭会发出很大的噪音.
It's like a soundtrack to a horror movie. 这就像恐怖电影的配乐.
But it's just the sound of busy parents and their hungry chicks. 但这只是忙碌的父母和他们饥饿的雏鸟的声音.
When we filmed them,the adults brought mice and voles 当我们拍摄它们时,大人们带来了老鼠和田鼠
to the young through the night. 给年轻人一整夜.
It was a privilege to get an insight to their private lives. 能了解他们的私生活是我的荣幸.
And actually,I was lucky enough to hold some barn owl chicks in my 事实上,我很幸运地在我的房间里抱着一些谷仓猫头鹰雏鸟.
hand not far away from here at all,when I accompanied farmer's daughter 手离这里不远,在所有,当我陪农民的女儿
Sarah Jones again to barn owls nesting in a nest box in a barn 莎拉*琼斯再次到谷仓猫头鹰筑巢在一个巢箱在一个谷仓
on her parents' land. 在她父母的土地上.
Got two boxes. 有两个盒子.
Right.If you... 对.如果你...
lean in. 靠进去.
You've got a the little door in there,as well.That's quite smart. 你也有一扇小门.这很聪明.
Hello! 你好!
Oh! 噢!
Is this the eldest? No,the biggest one.OK.Hello! 这是老大吗?不,是最大的一个.好的.你好!
Come on. 加油!.
Come on,don't worry.All squashed together in here. 来吧,别担心.都挤在这里.
OK.Shall I bring this one down? Yeah.You bring the little 'un. 好的.要我把这个拿下来吗?是的.你把小联合国带来了.
All down here. 都在这里.
OK. 好的.
So that's the eldest,that one there? 那就是最大的那个?
And where's the next eldest? That one there. 下一个老大呢?那个在那儿.
That one there,is it? OK. 那个在那里,是吗?好的.
Come here then,boy. 过来,孩子.
Stick him in there,look. 把他插进去,看.
Don't grab your brother. 别抓你哥哥.
Won't like that,too. 我也不会喜欢的.
Here we are,look.Wow! 我们到了,看.哇塞!
So the youngest would be,what,about a week old? Yeah. 那么最小的是,什么,大约一个星期大?是的.
And that's,what,three weeks? Probably,yeah.Three weeks. 那是,什么,三个星期?可能吧,是的.三个星期.
Amazing.Incredible thing with barn owls is the fact 太神奇了.谷仓猫头鹰令人难以置信的是事实
that she'll actually incubate from the first egg and they can 她实际上会从第一个鸡蛋孵化出来,他们可以
have anything up to eight or even nine eggs, 有八个甚至九个鸡蛋吗?,
I have seen once. 我见过一次.
And so they all hatch out at different times. 所以它们都在不同的时间孵化出来.
And what that means is that you've got small chicks, 这意味着你有小妞,
like this,a week old,and then you've got very old chicks like 就像这样,一个星期大,然后你有很老的雏鸟像
this,about three weeks old. 这个,大约三个星期前.
And it's basically a sort of survival technique 这基本上是一种生存技术
because if times are hard,if there's a lot of rain, 因为如果日子不好过,如果有很多雨,
if there aren't many mice around,then the youngest one dies 如果周围的老鼠不多,那么最小的一只就死了
and the others eat it. 其他人吃了.
And often,you'll get three or four die and you'll only get one or two 通常, 你会有三四个孩子死去，你只会有一两个孩子
young leave the nest. 离开巢穴.
But this year looks like being a very good year,Sarah. 但今年看起来很好,莎拉.
Six is the most you've had,is it? 六个是你吃过的最多的,是吗?
Yeah.That's fantastic.Minimum's two. 是的.太棒了.最少两个.
But they're amazing birds.They really are. 但它们是很棒的鸟.他们确实是.
And as they get older,they get even more attractive. 随着年龄的增长,他们变得更加有吸引力.
And the down goes and the feathers come through. 倒下了,羽毛也露出来了.
This one has. 这个有.
That one's got the feathers coming through.Yeah,that's right. 那个有羽毛.是的,没错.
Well,we better,between us,put all of these back now! 好吧,我们最好,我们之间,把这些都放回去!
Let the mother come back. 让母亲回来.
Do you want to take a couple up with you? Yeah. 你想带一对夫妇一起去吗? 是的.
You're obviously doing a good job looking after them,Sarah. 很明显,你照顾他们做得很好,莎拉.
Flourishing here. 在这里兴旺发达.
Come on then,smelly! 来吧,臭气熏天!
Come on! 来吧!
And you,runt. 还有你,小鬼.
I know how you feel,boy.don't worry. 我知道你的感受,孩子.别担心.
I had two elder brothers. 我有两个哥哥.
Stick in there,boy.You'll be all right. 坚持住,孩子.你会没事的
The good news is that those barn owls are still in the same barn, 好消息是那些谷仓猫头鹰还在同一个谷仓里,
and they're still being monitored by Sarah,as well. 莎拉还在监视他们.
I've come to Johnstown on the outskirts of Wrexham 我来到了雷克瑟姆郊区的约翰斯敦
and believe it or not,but this wetland,this pool behind me here, 信不信由你,但这片湿地,我身后的这片水池,
is actually quite important for a scarce amphibian - 对于稀有的两栖动物来说是相当重要的 -
the great crested newt. 伟大的冠毛蝾螈.
I came here first over 20 years ago now with Matthew Ellis, 20多年前我和马修*埃利斯一起来到这里,
an amphibian expert,and my two dogs,Ianto and Gwennie. 两栖动物专家,还有我的两只狗,Ianto和Gwennie.
Slippery customers.What did you say was here? 800... 滑的顾客.你说这里有什么?800...
last year.Where are they? 去年.他们在哪儿?
I've even got the dogs helping as well.I can tell! 我甚至还有狗帮忙.我看得出来!
Round them up for you. 给你把它们围起来.
This is an Abyssinian Newt Hound! 这是阿比西尼亚纽特猎犬!
Why do they say,"Drunk as a newt?" 他们为什么说,"醉得像个蝾螈?"
When newts walk on land,they can't actually walk in a straight line. 当蝾螈在陆地上行走时,它们实际上不能直线行走.
They move side to side. 它们左右移动.
Like someone on his way home from the pub.That's right. 就像有人在从酒吧回家的路上.没错.
Iolo,I've just caught a female. 伊洛,我刚抓到一个雌性蝾螈.
Nice one.Well done,boy.One female great crested newt. 不错的.干得好,孩子.一只雌性大冠毛蝾螈.
Wow! 哇塞!
Fair old size,too.Yes.They grow to about 15 centimetres. 也很旧.是的.它们长到15厘米左右.
Female has this orange stripeat the base of the tail. 雌性的尾巴底部有橙色条纹.
Males have a crest and a white flash 雄性有脊柱，尾巴底部
at the base of the tail. 有白色闪光.
Well,they're colourful underneath.They look like a tiger,aren't they 嗯，它们的腹部下面是五颜六色的.他们看起来像一只老虎，
at the end? Yes.The spots on the belly 不是吗？是的.每个蝾螈腹部的斑点
are individual to,erm,each newt. 都是单独的.
They're a bit like our fingerprints.Are they? Yes. 它们有点像我们的指纹。是吗？对.
Identify them like that.So you can identify individual newts 像这样识别它们。因此，你可以通过记录腹部的图案
by recording the belly patterns. 来识别蝾螈.
I've got to say,we better put this dapper beast back in the water. 我得说,我们最好把这头短小精悍的野兽放回水里.
If you give us your net,I'll put it in there,and then we can put 如果你把你的网给我们,我就把它放进去, 然后我们可以把它
it back in again.Ta-ta.Long life and happiness. 放回去.塔塔.祝福你长寿和幸福.
It's incredible to see just how much this site has changed in the last 20 令人难以置信的是，在过去20年左右的时间里，这个地方发生了
years or so.And the biggest change,I think,is the growth 多大的变化. 我想，是树木的生长，
of trees,especially willow. 尤其是柳树.
Willow will thrive in these wet areas. 柳树会在这些潮湿的地区茁壮成长.
And unless it's managed,unless it's cut back, 除非它得到管理,除非它被削减,
then it'll dry out completely. 然后它就会完全变干.
So this needs quite a bit of management work. 所以这需要相当多的管理工作.
But having said all that,the newts are still in there. 但话虽如此,蝾螈仍然在那里.
A lot of handling going on there,as well. 那里也有很多处理.
Now,handling is an important part of monitoring,but with amphibians 现在,处理是监测的重要组成部分,但与两栖动物
now,the advice is to wear gloves because there's a fungal disease 现在,建议是戴上手套,因为有真菌病
that you can spread to these animals. 你可以传播给这些动物.
And also,when you're handling rare species or filming them, 而且,当你处理稀有物种或拍摄它们时,
you have to have a special licence. 你必须有一个特殊的许可证.
And in the early days,that's what we used to do. 在早期,我们就是这么做的.
We used to film people,experts,who had these licences 我们曾经拍过有这些执照的人,专家
as they did their work. 就像他们的工作一样.
That's exactly what we did with Jan Catchington when she was monitoring 这正是我们在Jan Catchington监视她时所做的
dormice in a wood in Gwent. 在格温特的树林里的睡鼠.
There's a nest in there.Nest in there 里面有个窝.在那里筑巢
So it's worth taking a closer look.Get the box and put it in a bag. 所以值得仔细看看.把盒子放在袋子里.
Oh,right.That's the way it's done? OK. 哦,对.就是这样做的?好的.
Do you want me to get hold the bag? 你想让我拿着包吗?
Not only does it sleep soundly by day in the middle of summer, 它不仅在盛夏的白天睡得很香,
it's also one of the few British mammals that hibernates 它也是为数不多的冬眠的英国哺乳动物之一
through the winter. 整个冬天.
Just rest it on the ground. 把它放在地上就行了.
You want me to hold this up? In case he jumps out? Please,yeah. 你想让我把这个撑起来吗?万一他跳出来?求你了,是的.
God,they're rolled up in a little ball. 天啊,他们被卷起来了.
Yes. 是的.
Oh,wow! Look at that! 哦,哇!你看!
Oh,beautiful things! Sleepy. 哦,美丽的东西!困了.
Male? Female. 男性?女.
Closer look! 仔细看看!
If it's a male,it's not a well-hung male,is it? 如果它是一个男性,它不是一个很好的男性,是吗?
That's a female. 那是个女人.
Amazing-looking thing,innit? Look at it! 看起来很棒,不是吗?你看!
She's been fighting with something. 她一直在和什么东西打架.
Scars.She's got scars all over her face. 疤痕.她脸上到处都是伤疤.
Is that with a male or with another female or...? 是和一个男人在一起还是和另一个女人在一起...?
Could be either,I suppose.Or with an owl,probably! 我想也可以.或者和猫头鹰在一起,可能吧!
It looks tired,doesn't it? Bags under his eyes. 看起来很累,不是吗?眼袋.
I suppose this area must be pretty good because your low-lying areas, 我想这个地区一定很好,因为你们的低洼地区,
good woodlands,everything they need. 好的林地,他们需要的一切.
Yeah.All the food they need.Good variety of trees. 是的.他们需要的所有食物.好品种的树木.
Which is what? What exactly would they eat in here? 哪个是什么?他们在这里到底吃什么?
This time of year,they'd probably flowers and pollen, 每年的这个时候,它们可能会花和花粉,
honeysuckle,that sort of thing. 金银花,诸如此类的东西.
I've heard it said that they really don't like to walk along the ground. 我听说他们真的不喜欢在地上走.
They just like to go from branch to branch,tree to tree. 他们只是喜欢从树枝到树枝,树到树.
That's where the hole is in the back of the box. 那就是盒子后面的洞.
They can get into the tree and away. 他们可以进入树并离开.
These little legs must be adapted just to hang on? 这些小腿必须适应只是为了挂上?
Yeah,yeah.They cling on. 是的,是的.他们坚持.
And all year,let's say once all your pollen is gone and all that, 一整年,假设你所有的花粉都消失了,
what would they move on to feed on? 他们会继续吃什么?
In the autumn,they'd be on to the hazelnuts and blackberries 秋天,他们会吃榛子和黑莓
and things like that,and they'll take insects,as well.Aphids. 诸如此类的东西,他们也会吃昆虫.蚜虫.
Will they? And in a wood like this,quite a few things would eat it, 他们会吗?在这样的树林里,很多东西会吃它,
I would imagine? Stoats and weasels.Stoats and weasels.Yeah. 我能想象吗?白鼬和黄鼠狼.白鼬和黄鼠狼.是的.
There's weasels in the woods.Would they get into these boxes? 树林里有黄鼠狼.他们会进入这些盒子吗?
The weasels? Yes,they can do.Yeah,yeah,yeah. 黄鼠狼?是的,他们能做到.是的,是的,是的.
God,he's hanging on for dear life,isn't he? He likes you! 天啊,他一直在等待着亲爱的生命,不是吗?他喜欢你!
Oh,I see the big eyes now! 哦,我现在看到大眼睛了!
And that helps him at night,I would imagine.That's right.Yeah. 我想这对他晚上很有帮助.没错.是的.
I'm not allowed to touch you,boy,because you're protected by law. 我不能碰你,孩子,因为你受法律保护.
Beautiful thing! 美丽的东西!
I came across a predator of the dormouse on a lane 我在一条小路上遇到了睡鼠的捕食者
in Holyhead Breakwater Park a few years later. 几年后在霍利黑德防波堤公园.
It was a rare sight of a weasel. 这是一只罕见的黄鼠狼.
That worked! 成功了!
Fantastic little animals,brilliant little animals. 梦幻般的小动物,辉煌的小动物.
They hunt mainly mice and voles. 它们主要捕猎老鼠和田鼠.
They'll take small birds,as well. 他们也会带小鸟.
And very inquisitive. 而且很好奇.
And if you make funny,weird little noises, 如果你发出奇怪的小噪音,
it nearly always brings them out. 它几乎总是把他们带出来.
A close relative of the weasel is the stoat. 黄鼠狼的近亲是白鼬.
It's slightly bigger,with a dark tip to its tail. 它稍大,尾巴有一个黑暗的尖端.
There he is! On the wall. 他来了!在墙上.
On the wall.He's just got up on the wall with a bit of rabbit. 在墙上.他刚和一只兔子爬到墙上.
I had a fantastic encounter with one 我和一个很棒的相遇
on the Great Orme in Llandudno. 在兰迪德诺的大奥姆河上.
Oh,it's brilliant.They're such cracking animals. 太棒了.他们真是个破烂的动物.
They're not rare.They're quite widespread. 它们并不罕见.它们很普遍.
But I don't see stoats that often at all. 但我不经常看到白鼬.
And when you do,oh,I tell you what,it really makes your day, 当你这样做的时候,哦,我告诉你,这真的让你的一天,
you know? They're like a little clockwork toy,you know, 你知道吗?它们就像一个发条玩具,你知道的,
like a little wind-up toy. 就像一个发条的小玩具.
You wind them up,put them down,and off they go, 你给它们上发条,把它们放下,然后它们就走了,
here,there and everywhere.Busy all the time.Fantastic animals. 这里,那里,到处都是.一直很忙.神奇的动物.
The stoat is the only mammal we have in Wales that changes 白鼬是我们在威尔士唯一改变的哺乳动物
its coat during winter. 它的外套在冬天.
We filmed this one eating a dead rabbit in Snowdonia. 我们在斯诺多尼亚拍摄了这个吃死兔子的镜头.
Not all stoats change to a white ermine coat. 不是所有的白鼬都换上白貂皮大衣.
Some retain their brown fur throughout winter,and there 有些人在整个冬天都保留着棕色的皮毛,在那里
doesn't seem to be any rules. 似乎没有任何规则.
I've seen stoats in ermine,both in the uplands where you expect 我在乌玛见过白鼬,无论是在你期望的高地
regular snowfall,and on the lowlands. 定期降雪,并在低地.
Upland Wales is my favourite landscape. 威尔士高地是我最喜欢的风景.
I spent most of my early years walking mountains, 我早年大部分时间都在爬山,
looking for wildlife. 寻找野生动物.
One of the most beautiful locations in Snowdonia is Cwm Idwal, 斯诺多尼亚最美丽的地点之一是库姆-伊德瓦尔,
a fantastic glacial cwm. 一个梦幻般的冰川库姆.
It's a big attraction for visitors as the lower levels of this stunning 对于游客来说，这是一个很大的吸引力，因为这片令人叹为观止的风景区，
beauty spot,especially around the lake,can be reached 尤其是湖的周围，地势较低，可以相对
with relative ease. 轻松地到达.
I filmed here many times. 我在这里拍了很多次.
The first time was way back in the year 2000 with my dogs Gwennie 第一次是在2000年，我带着我的狗格温妮
and Ianto in tow. 和伊恩托.
We climbed high up the slopes above the lake and far away 我们爬上湖面上方的斜坡，
from any visitors. 远离游客.
There are mountains and there are mountains! 山外有山!
Believe me,this is a mountain! 相信我,这是一座山!
We've come here to Cwm Idwal 我们来到的库姆-伊德瓦尔
right in the heart of Eryri and already,just to get this far, 就在埃里里市中心，为了走得更远，
I've lost three members of the camera crew.But what the hell? 我失去了三名摄制组人员.但到底是怎么回事?
At least the ravens will feed well tonight! 至少乌鸦今晚会吃得很好!
Now,maybe the wildlife up here isn't quite as obvious, 现在,也许这里的野生动物并不那么明显,
but it is there. 但它就在那里.
You've just got to look for it that little bit harder. 你只需要更努力地寻找它.
We've come up here today to look for a group of very specialised 我们今天来这里寻找一组非常特殊的植物，
plants called Arctic alpine plants,and they're called that 称为北极高山植物, 他们之所以这么叫
because they like areas which are high altitude and very, 是因为他们喜欢高海拔地区，
very cold - areas like Cwm Idwal. 非常寒冷的地区,如库姆-伊德瓦尔.
Oh! 1,000 feet to go! 噢!还有1000英尺!
And up here,precariously perched on this ledge, 在这里,摇摇欲坠地栖息在这个窗台上,
this is what all the fuss is about. 这就是所有大惊小怪的事情.
The purple or opposite-leaved saxifrage. 紫色或相反叶的虎耳草.
If you're not a botanist, 如果你不是植物学家,
you might be thinking, 你可能在想,
"Well,it's pretty boring". "嗯,这很无聊".
And yes,OK, 是的,好的,
It doesn't jump out and strangle tourists. 它不会跳出来扼杀游客.
It's not poisonous. 它不是有毒的.
But think of it this way. 但这样想吧.
It's up here,over 2,000 feet above sea level. 就在这里,海拔2000英尺以上.
It ekes out a living from bare rock. 它以光秃秃的岩石为生.
And on top of all of that, 最重要的是,
it flowers in March. 它在三月开花.
At a time when it's cold,it's wet, 在寒冷的时候,它是湿的,
it's grey,it's miserable. 它是灰色的,它是悲惨的.
There's often snow lying on the ground and it produces 经常有雪躺在地上,它产生
these beautiful little flowers.That's a pretty cool plant 这些美丽的小花.那是一种很酷的植物
by any standard. 以任何标准衡量.
Also that year,I visited Cwm Idwal again 也是那一年,我再次访问了Cwm Idwal
to look for more Arctic plants. 寻找更多的北极植物.
This time with Hywel Roberts,the warden at the time. 这次是和当时的监狱长海威尔*罗伯茨在一起.
I've had to film in a lot of bad weather over the years. 这些年来,我不得不在很多恶劣的天气里拍摄.
This was probably up there with the worst. 这可能是最糟糕的.
And yes,it was June. 是的,那是六月.
Hywel,if we can stay on this pinnacle in the wind and rain, 海威尔,如果我们能在风雨中停留在这个顶峰,
you brought me to see something a little bit rarer here? 你带我来这里看到更罕见的东西?
It's Dryas octopetala,mountain aven. 这是dryas octopetala,阿文山.
It's rare in Wales.Rare in England and Wales. 这在威尔士很少见.在英格兰和威尔士很少见.
Only found here in Wales 只在威尔士发现
on this rock face here and also on a section adjacent 在这里的岩石表面上,也在附近的一个部分上
to the Carneddau range of mountains,which is on the other side 到卡尼多山脉,在另一边
of the Ogwen Valley.A very special plant, 奥格文山谷的.一种非常特殊的植物,
a very beautiful plant as well, 一个非常美丽的植物,以及,
and very striking the minute that you see it here, 当你在这里看到它的时候,非常引人注目,
and especially in this instance here, 特别是在这里,
where it's next to moss campion. 在莫斯*坎皮恩旁边.
You've got the white of the mountain aven, 你有白色的山aven,
and the moss campion next to each other. 和旁边的苔藓campion.
And I have to say,I'm not a great botanist,but it is a very pretty 我不得不说,我不是一个伟大的植物学家,但它是一个非常漂亮的
thing,especially up here with the grey rock,brings a little bit 事情,特别是在这里的灰色岩石,带来了一点点
of colour,doesn't it? Certainly brings a bit of colour and 颜色,不是吗?当然会带来一点色彩和色彩.
a bit of life into this rather bland area that we've got here. 在这个相当平淡无奇的地方,我们有一点生命.
Well,I think we better move down before we become two relics 好吧,我想我们最好在变成两个遗物之前先往下走
of the Ice Age ourselves,Hywel,I think! 关于冰河时代,海威尔,我想!
And the rarest Arctic alpine of all is also the most delicate. 最稀有的北极高山也是最脆弱的.
And over 25 years of filming in Snowdonia, 在斯诺多尼亚拍摄了25年以上,
I've only been able to capture it once near Snowdon. 我只能在斯诺登附近捕捉到它一次.
It's the Snowdon lily. 是斯诺登莉莉.
And the Snowdon lily,well,it was found up there in those high peaks. 还有雪冬百合,它是在那些高高的山峰上发现的.
Not that you can see much today because the cloud is down. 并不是说你今天可以看到很多,因为云已经下降了.
Those plants,actually,they're not the only Arctic relics 事实上,这些植物并不是北极唯一的遗迹
we have here in North Wales. 我们在北威尔士.
There's also a rare fish that's found here in Llyn Padarn. 还有一种罕见的鱼在Llyn Padarn发现.
These are Arctic char 这些是北极char
and they're one of the rarest fish species in Britain. 它们是英国最稀有的鱼类之一.
They live only in deep,cold,glacial lakes. 他们只生活在深,寒冷,冰川湖泊.
Llyn Padarn is one of very few lakes in Britain where they're found Llyn Padarn是英国为数不多的湖泊之一
naturally and the most southerly lake in the world where they live. 自然也是他们居住的世界上最南端的湖泊.
Towards the end of the last ice age, 在最后一个冰的尽头 年龄,
as the ice melted around 18,000 years ago,Arctic char began 随着冰在18,000年前融化,北极char开始了
to migrate from the sea to spawn in the glacial rivers that existed 从海洋迁移到存在的冰川河流中产卵
at that time in Britain. 当时在英国.
But as sea levels and sea temperatures rose, 但随着海平面和海水温度的上升,
they became land-locked in our coldest and deepest lakes. 他们被锁定在我们最冷最深的湖泊中.
Incredible fish,and then they survive here in Llyn Padarn 令人难以置信的鱼,然后他们在Llyn Padarn在这里生存
because it's such a deep lake. 因为它是一个如此深的湖.
Now,the joys of filming wildlife and one of the things I've loved 现在,拍摄野生动物的乐趣 我爱过的东西之一
over the last 25 years is spending time in the company of people 在过去的25年里,人们把时间花在了公司里
who really like their wildlife. 他们真的很喜欢他们的野生动物.
Take Karen Brandreth,for example,from Aberystwyth. 以Karen Brandreth为例,来自Aberystwyth.
She loves her badgers. 她爱她的獾.
She puts out food for them in her garden at night. 她晚上在她的花园里为他们提供食物.
So I joined her in her bathroom. 所以我和她一起去了她的浴室.
What's the food? Carrots. 食物是什么?胡萝卜.
There's Go Cat,dried food and peanuts. 有猫,干粮和花生.
So,it's really healthy stuff you put out? Yeah. 那么,你拿出来的东西真的很健康?是的.
You know,it's the only time ever 你知道,这是唯一一次
I think I've been alone with a lady,watching badgers,in her toilet! 我想我和一位女士单独在一起,在她的厕所里看獾!
In her bathroom! 在她的浴室里!
Kay Bullen ran a hedgehog hospital in Cardiff. Kay Bullen在加的夫经营一家刺猬医院.
But they're stunning little things,aren't they? 但它们是令人惊叹的小东西,不是吗?
They're beautiful.Beautiful. 它们很漂亮.美丽.
It's not often people get a chance to see them close up. 人们很少有机会近距离看到他们.
But yes,they're a cute little thing.So lovely and furry. 但是的,他们是一个可爱的小thing.So 可爱又毛茸茸.
And you can see this one.He's got long legs. 你可以看到这个.他的腿很长.
They have got long legs,haven't they? 他们有长腿,不是吗?
Tucked away underneath that body. 藏在尸体下面.
And this little one,he's got a little tail,as well. 这个小家伙,他也有一条小尾巴.
Tiny tail,bit like a hamster's tail. 小尾巴,有点像仓鼠的尾巴.
This one really has taken a fancy to my hand! 这个真的很喜欢我的手!
Now,don't fall - you stay on there,boy. 现在,别摔倒-你留在那里,孩子.
He might self anoint in a minute.Self anoint? 他可能会在一分钟内自我涂抹.自我抹油?
Yeah.What does that mean? 是的.何謂也?
It's when they get a new flavour or a new taste, 当他们得到一种新的味道或新的味道时,
they salivate and they spread the saliva and the new flavour over 它们垂涎三尺,把唾液和新的味道传播开来
their prickles.Nobody really knows why they do it. 他们的刺.没有人真正知道他们为什么这样做.
It's a bad time to remind him I used to eat hedgehog flavour crisps. 现在不是提醒他我以前吃刺猬味薯片的时候.
Probably eat my finger for that. 可能吃了我的手指.
Tyrd 'wan.Tyrd. 泰德*万.泰德
Tyrd efo ni.Arglwydd! 泰德efo尼.Arglwydd!
Ifan Rowlands fed sausages to herons in Llanberis. Ifan Rowlands给Llanberis的苍鹭喂香肠.
Tyrd yma,'wan.Tyrd i fama.Tyrd,boi! Tyrd yma,'wan.泰德我法玛.泰德,博伊!
How did you find out that you had a heron in your garden 你是怎么发现你的花园里有一只苍鹭的
in the first place,then? 首先呢?
Well,it was in the river there, 嗯,它就在河里,
and I kept on talking to him. 我一直和他说话.
Then all of a sudden,one day he came on the wall,didn't he? 突然,有一天他来到了墙上,不是吗?
And I kept on talking to him. 我一直和他说话.
It's funny how they are. 真有趣.
If I'm sitting in the house there, 如果我坐在那里的房子里,
and he's up on the tree,the branch there, 他在树上,树枝上,
if he sees me moving in the house... 如果他看到我在屋里搬家...
He'll come down...he'll come.He'll be at the back here 他会下来的...他会来的.他会在后面
before...Yes! 以前...是的!
They're clever,aren't they? Yeah.They're very clever. 他们很聪明,不是吗?是的.他们很聪明.
Come on,boys. 来吧,孩子们.
Linda Owens made crows work for their food in Deganwy. 琳达欧文斯让乌鸦在Deganwy为他们的食物工作.
They started coming down about four or five years ago 他们大约四五年前就开始下来了
and they sort of looked at the shells and straightaway 他们看着贝壳,马上就看到了
knew what to do. 知道该怎么做.
So this is how you feed them all the time now? 这就是你一直喂它们的方式?
This is how I feed them.You don't put any food out in the open? 这就是我喂它们的方式.你不把食物放在外面吗?
No.So the carrion crows like Red Leicester No.So 腐肉乌鸦像红色莱斯特
or Double Gloucester cheese. 或双格洛斯特奶酪.
Right.They don't like Cheshire or Lancashire 对.他们不喜欢柴郡或兰开夏郡
because there's too crumbly,isn't it,for them to pick up. 因为那里太破烂了,不是吗,让他们捡起来.
Right.And they like sausages, 对.他们喜欢香肠,
chicken,steak. 鸡肉,牛排.
Hang on,now.There's no room for steak and sausages in there. 等等,现在.那里没有牛排和香肠的地方.
No,well,they're having steak today.Right. 不,他们今天要吃牛排.对.
Just depends what we've got. 这取决于我们有什么.
So you just cut it up quite small then,and just put it there. 所以你把它剪得很小,然后放在那里.
Put them down.So if they see the shells like this,they know 把它们down.So 如果他们看到这样的贝壳,他们就知道
there's food there.OK. 那里有食物.好的.
If they're just lying like that on the wall,they don't bother. 如果他们只是那样躺在墙上,他们就不会打扰.
They don't bother.They are clever. 他们不打扰.他们很聪明.
Come on,boys. 来吧,孩子们.
In a street in Hirwaun, 在Hirwaun的一条街道上,
a mistle thrush took exception to Des Rogers's car. 一个mistle thrush对Des Rogers的汽车采取了例外.
Here he comes.You watch now,he'll go on the wing mirror now. 他来了你现在看着,他现在就上机翼的镜子.
If I was to open my car window,that bird would be in. 如果我打开车窗,那只鸟就会进来.
You think it'd go in? Oh,definitely. 你认为它会进去吗?哦,当然可以.
The mistle thrush has been having a go at Des's car and other Mistle thrush一直在Des的车和其他
cars on the street for the best part of a month. 汽车在街上一个月的最好的部分.
And I see it every day,more or less all day.All day. 我每天都看到它,或多或少整天.整天.
I'm not saying no lies,he's on my car all day,every day. 我没撒谎,他每天都在我车上.
For sure! 当然!
And that mistle thrush,well,he was there for several weeks afterwards, 还有那个画眉,好吧,他在那里呆了几个星期,
battering away at Des's poor car. 对德斯那辆可怜的车大发雷霆.
Well,I'll be back next time 好吧,我下次再来
with some more wildlife highlights for you. 还有更多的野生动物亮点.
But in the meantime,he's another little gem to keep you going. 但与此同时,他是另一个让你继续前进的小宝石.
I spent so much time when I was a youngster out on the hill 我小时候在山上花了很多时间
and in the woods around my home in Mid-Wales,looking at foxes, 在威尔士中部我家附近的树林里,看着狐狸,
especially on a lovely summer's evening like this. 特别是在这样一个可爱的夏天的夜晚.
And there's a fox's earth.I say "fox's earth" - 还有一只狐狸的地球.我说"狐狸的地球" -
there's actually an old badger sett,that's quite common with foxes, 实际上有一只老獾,这在狐狸身上很常见,
especially out on a hill like this.And there are three cubs. 特别是在这样的山上.还有三只幼崽.
One of them is a bit of a bully. 其中一个有点欺负人.
That's probably the most dominant cub. 这可能是最主要的幼崽.
It's sort of jumping on the backs of all the others and sending them 这有点像跳到其他人的背上,把他们送出去
back down underground. 退到地下去.
And here's a taste of what I'll be digging up next time from the archive. 这是我下次从档案中挖掘的东西的味道.
Very often you can just about see - he's very obliging there - 你经常可以看到--他在那里很乐于助人 -
you can just about see the yellow patch on the chest. 你几乎可以看到胸部的黄色补丁.
Aargh! 啊!
Stick him back. 把他放回去.
Come on! 来吧!
Yep.That one's sitting on an egg,as well.I'll bring this egg out for you to see it.Right.Wow. 是的.那个也坐在鸡蛋上.我把这个鸡蛋拿出来给你看.对.哇
Gosh,a big egg. 天啊,一个大鸡蛋.
Yeah,quite a big egg,yeah. 是啊,一个很大的鸡蛋.
That must hurt.Eh? 那一定很痛.呃?
What's quite interesting with oystercatchers, 牡蛎有什么有趣的,
they're adapted so that in flight,the head stays still, 它们经过调整,在飞行中,头部保持静止,
even though the body might be moving up and down in flight. 即使身体可能在飞行中上下移动.
That's amazing,isn't it? Hasn't moved his beak at all! 太神奇了,不是吗?他的嘴一点都没动!
This is the Glaslyn Valley in Snowdonia in North Wales. 这是北威尔士斯诺多尼亚的Glaslyn山谷.
And that peak you can see behind me there,that's Cnicht, 你可以在我身后看到的那座山峰,那就是Cnicht,
also known as the Welsh Matterhorn. 也被称为威尔士马特宏峰.
I've filmed in this area many times and I've been very lucky 我在这个地区拍过很多次,我很幸运
to have filmed some fantastic wildlife for BBC Wales 为BBC威尔士拍摄了一些奇妙的野生动物
over the last 25 years. 在过去的25年里.
Here's just a taste of what I've been up to. 这只是我所做的事情的味道.
And this huge thing behind me shouldn't actually be here. 我身后的这件大事不应该在这里.
It's the giant hogweed introduced from Southwest Asia. 这是从西南亚引进的巨型猪草.
I'm six foot two inches tall,but this plant towers above me. 我身高六英尺两英寸,但这棵植物高出我的头顶.
It's got to be at least seven foot. 至少有七英尺.
It's also probably the most dangerous plant 它也可能是最危险的植物
introduced into Wales,because the sap, 引入威尔士,因为树液,
when it comes into contact with your skin,causes severe blistering. 当它接触到你的皮肤,导致严重起泡.
Probably not the best plant to pick a fight with. 可能不是最好的植物来选择战斗.
It's about 10:30pm now,finally getting dark, 现在是晚上10点半左右,终于天黑了,
and all the bats have suddenly come out. 所有的蝙蝠都突然出来了.
There are lots of different species around the trees, 树木周围有很多不同的物种,
but the ones I'm really interested in are these down by the water. 但我真正感兴趣的是这些在水边.
They're Daubenton's bats.They're real water specialists. 他们是道本顿的蝙蝠.他们是真正的水专家.
They'll skim over the surface,back and forth, 他们会在水面上掠过,来回掠过,
feeding on midges,on caddisflies,on any water insects. 以虱子为食,以虱子为食,以任何水昆虫为食.
All of a sudden,I've hit one small corner of the park 突然之间,我撞到了公园的一个小角落
and it is alive with bees. 它是活着的蜜蜂.
Can you see them all buzzing around here? 你能看到他们都在这里嗡嗡作响吗?
They're called ashy mining bees or grey mining bees. 他们被称为灰采蜂或灰采蜂.
And the good news is,a lot of our bees are declining rapidly, 好消息是,我们的许多蜜蜂正在迅速下降,
but these are actually on the increase.Hello. 但这些实际上正在增加.你好!.
All I can see is a bundle of feathers. 我只能看到一束羽毛.
It's stuffed itself right in and fluffed itself out, 它把自己塞进去,把自己弄脏了,
so it's hidden right out of the way. 所以它就藏起来了.
But what it's found is the perfect place to spend the night 但它发现的是过夜的理想场所
because in there,it's going to be probably 因为在那里,很可能是
two degrees warmer than it is outside. 比外面暖和两度.
That can mean the difference between life and death. 这可能意味着生与死的区别.
That was quite difficult to see, 这很难看到,
but it's actually a great tit roosting in that hole overnight. 但它实际上是一个伟大的山雀栖息在那个洞一夜之间.
20 years ago,I came to this ditch here to film water voles 20年前,我来到这里的这条沟里拍摄水田鼠
with biologist Ioan Fazey and already even then 与生物学家Ioan Fazey甚至在那时
he was starting to see a decline in this species. 他开始看到这个物种的下降.
He'd set traps all along the bank 他在河岸上设置了陷阱
as part of a long term monitoring scheme. 作为长期监测计划的一部分.
I would know where they are. 我会知道他们在哪里.
You've got gloves on,that probably means they're quite vicious things. 你戴着手套,这可能意味着他们是相当邪恶的东西.
Yeah,they've got a pretty nasty bite 是啊,他们咬得很厉害
when they get the chance to get hold of you. 当他们有机会抓住你的时候.
But generally,they're not...They're not that aggressive. 但一般来说,他们不是...他们没那么好斗.
Here we go. 开始吧.
OK. 好的.
There's one in here.That's good. 这里有一个.那很好.
But,yeah,I mean,they're sort of much more docile 但是,是的,我是说,他们比较温顺
than rats and things like that. 比老鼠之类的东西.
They're quite nice when you get to handle them. 当你处理它们的时候,它们很好.
So I'm just...If they're that good,where are my gloves?! 所以我只是...如果它们那么好,我的手套呢?!
I'll pass these over to you. 我把这些交给你.
What I'm going to do is just drop them into the bottom of this bag 我要做的就是把它们放到袋子的底部
and then we can have a look at him and then pick him up. 然后我们可以看看他,然后把他抱起来.
Do you want me to hold the bag? Great.It just tips in there. 你要我拿着包吗?Great.It 只是提示在那里.
There go the apples,there goes the water vole.Wow. 苹果去了,水田鼠去了.哇
Oh,it's quite a bit bigger than I expected him to be. 比我想象的要大得多.
That's actually not a particularly big one. 这实际上不是一个特别大的.
That's sort of coming up to about 180g or so 大约180克左右
and they get up to 350g. 他们得到了350g.
And this is the one that,as a lad, 这是一个,作为一个小伙子,
I remember we used to call water rats.Yeah,yeah. 我记得我们以前叫水鼠.是的,是的.
I mean,the other common name is water rats 我是说,另一个常见的名字是水鼠
and there's been a bit of confusion with rats generally 一般情况下,老鼠有点混乱
and water rats,but they're completely different animals. 和水鼠,但它们是完全不同的动物.
And this one you say is a male.How would you know that? 你说的这个是男性.你怎么知道的?
I don't know that's a male yet. 我还不知道那是个男人.
I'll have to pick him up and turn him upside down. 我得把他抱起来,把他翻过来.
Go on,you stick your hand in and pick him up. 继续,你把手伸进去,把他抱起来.
The way we do it is wearing the gloves,obviously. 很明显,我们的做法是戴着手套.
He jumps around a bit. 他跳来跳去.
And what I'm going to do is try and pick his tail up. 我要做的就是把他的尾巴捡起来.
There we go,there's the tail. 好了,尾巴来了.
You pick him up by the tail,he can't bite you 你抓住他的尾巴,他不能咬你
cos he's too heavy to get up on to your hand. 因为他太重了,爬不上你的手.
And that doesn't do him any harm? Not so much. 这对他没有任何伤害吗?没有那么多.
I mean,you wouldn't have him hanging there for too long. 我是说,你不会让他在那里待太久的.
It really is like a big vole,isn't it? Small ears and... 它真的像一只大田鼠,不是吗?小耳朵和...
Exactly.Big protruding eyes. 就是!.大突起的眼睛.
And can you tell now whether it's a male or a female? 你现在能分辨出是男是女吗?
I'm going to turn him upside down. 我要把他翻过来.
Oh,right,you just look at between the legs, 哦,对,你只要看看两腿之间,
which I suppose is the way you would! 我想你就是这样!
You can see he bites.That's why you have the gloves. 你可以看到他咬人.这就是为什么你有手套.
OK.Right.That's actually a female.Right,OK. 好的.对.那实际上是一个女性.好的,好的.
You mentioned earlier that there's been a massive decline. 你前面提到过,有一个巨大的下降.
Do we know the reasons why? 我们知道原因吗?
There's a multitude of factors that are causing the decline. 导致这种下降的因素有很多.
These include heavy grazing on the bank side 这些包括在河岸边大量放牧
and sort of loss of habitat through development 通过发展而丧失生境
or insensitive engineering on canal sides and things like that. 或者运河边不敏感的工程之类的东西.
The other major cause of the decline 下降的另一个主要原因
is the spread of American mink. 是美国水貂的传播.
The mink were introduced into the UK in the 1920s 水貂在20世纪20年代被引入英国
and in about the 1950s there were something like 700 or so mink farms, 大约在20世纪50年代,大约有700个水貂养殖场,
and from the spread of mink, 从水貂的传播,
it's caused a massive decline in water vole as well. 这也导致了水田鼠的大量减少.
But I mean,you know,for a mink it's a good mouthful,isn't it? 但我的意思是,你知道,对于一只貂来说,这是一个很好的口,不是吗?
It's a really nice meal.Definitely. 这顿饭真不错.必须的!.
They're very easy for mink to catch and mink tend to hunt 水貂很容易捕到,水貂也很容易捕猎
along the watercourses and what happens is that water voles, 沿着水道,发生的是水田鼠,
they have two defences basically from mink 他们基本上有两个防御水貂
or from predators in general. 或者来自一般的掠食者.
One is to either dive into the water and kick the mud up behind them 一个是要么潜入水中,把泥踢到他们身后
or go in the burrows. 或者到洞穴里去.
But female mink are small enough to get in the burrows 但是雌性水貂足够小,可以进入洞穴
and they're very good aquatic hunters as well. 他们也是很好的水生猎人.
So the water vole has never really met anything like a mink before. 所以水田鼠从来没有真正遇到过像水貂这样的东西.
So basically it's doomed.Yeah. 所以基本上是注定的.是的.
I'm going to let this poor little guy go. 我要放了这个可怜的小家伙.
Pop it into the water. 把它放到水里.
OK,so let me put him round this side. 好吧,让我把他放在这边.
And he should probably just run straight into the water. 他应该直接跑到水里.
Scoot along into the water,will he? I'll let him go. 快到水里去,好吗?我会让他走的.
There we go. 好了.
Wow.You can see that V-shape as they're swimming. 哇你可以看到他们游泳时的V形.
If you see rats swimming you get a lot of ripples. 如果你看到老鼠游泳,你会得到很多涟漪.
But with the water vole,because he's got this blunt nose, 但是用水田鼠,因为他的鼻子钝了,
it creates this V. 它创造了这个V.
What was fantastic about that day is that we actually trapped 那一天的奇妙之处在于我们实际上被困住了
a baby water vole in another trap nearby. 附近另一个陷阱里的婴儿水田鼠.
So it showed that at that time, 所以说明当时,
the population here was really healthy. 这里的人口真的很健康.
Now,I've looked all along the ditch. 现在,我沿着沟渠一直看着.
I can't find any signs. 我找不到任何迹象.
There's no latrines,no holes,nothing here. 这里没有厕所,没有洞,什么都没有.
So it looks like the water voles have just gone. 所以看起来水田鼠刚刚走了.
And that day the animals were fairly docile. 那一天,动物们相当温顺.
Handling water voles,handling small mammals in general, 处理水田鼠,一般处理小型哺乳动物,
can be very awkward,as warden Duncan Brown found out. 可能会很尴尬,正如典狱长邓肯布朗发现的那样.
Where's the first one? Up here? 第一个呢?在上面?
Well,yes.This is the first of many,I hope. 好吧,是的.我希望这是许多人中的第一个.
It's this one here. 就是这个.
A Longworth trap catches small mammals live. 朗沃斯陷阱捕获小型哺乳动物生活.
And this has actually got one in, 这实际上已经得到了一个,
probably a wood mouse,but we'll have a look. 可能是一只木头老鼠,但我们会看看的.
So we check the neck of the trap first.Nothing in there. 所以我们先检查一下陷阱的颈部.里面什么也没有.
Let's hope there is one inside, 让我们希望里面有一个,
because sometimes slugs fire the trap. 因为有时候蛞蝓会发射陷阱.
And me get my plastic bag out. 我把我的塑料袋拿出来.
Some people can handle the mice without a bag, 有些人可以在没有袋子的情况下处理老鼠,
you know,just raw,as it were,but I can't. 你知道,只是生的,但我不能.
It's a lot easier as well.Yes.Oh,there he comes. 这也容易得多.是的.哦,他来了.
There he comes.A very active one,that one,too. 他来了.一个非常活跃的,那个也是.
So I get my hand inside the bag and he won't bite me. 所以我把手伸进袋子里,他不会咬我.
Famous last words! 着名的遗言!
Unless I get hold of him. 除非我找到他.
They only bite when... 他们只咬时...
Because I suppose they think I'm a predator. 因为我想他们认为我是个捕食者.
But if I just cup my hand like that over the mouse... 但如果我只是把我的手像那样放在鼠标上...
There we are.And there's his tail sticking up like that. 我们到了.他的尾巴就这样竖起来了.
It's a long tail.That's the long tail of the long tailed field mouse. 这是一条长尾巴.那是长尾野鼠的长尾.
I get hold of the scruff of the neck so he can't bite me. 我抓住了他的脖子,这样他就不能咬我了.
And there we are.Ah,right.And he's a fine male. 我们到了.啊,对.他是个好男人.
Very well hung there,Iolo! 很好挂在那里,Iolo!
And it's a mouse because of the large eyes and large ears. 它是一只老鼠,因为它的大眼睛和大耳朵.
Large ears,yes. 大耳朵,是的.
And slightly pointed snout as well, 还有略尖的鼻子,
which distinguishes it from the bank vole,which we also get here, 它与 银行田鼠,我们也在这里,
which is a more of a sort of teddy bear sort of look. 这更像是泰迪熊的样子.
Sort of small ears,rounded snout and a much shorter tail. 有点小耳朵,圆润的鼻子和短得多的尾巴.
But there we are. 但我们在那里.
And it's got a lovely oak brown fur on the back and... 它的背面有一个可爱的橡木棕色毛皮和...
He went for me then! 他去找我了!
Very often,you can just about...He's very obliging now. 很多时候,你可以...他现在很乐于助人.
You can just about see the yellow patch on the chest. 你几乎可以看到胸部的黄色补丁.
Argh! Stick him back. 啊!把他放回去.
Do you want to put him back in the bag? 你想把他放回袋子里吗?
Put him back in there.You get in there,boy. 把他放回去.你进去,孩子.
There we are.I'll hold him for a bit. 我们到了.我要抱他一会儿.
Poor old Duncan. 可怜的老邓肯.
But I'll tell you what,you know, 但我告诉你,你知道的,
I've handled mice and voles myself several times 我自己处理过几次老鼠和田鼠
and they will give you a nasty nip there. 他们会给你一个讨厌的咬.
They really do bite. 他们真的咬人.
And handling is an essential part of monitoring,really, 处理是监控的一个重要部分,真的,
because often it's the only way you can find out 因为这通常是你唯一能找到答案的方法
what condition the animals are in,what sex they are,and so on. 动物处于什么状态,它们是什么性别,等等.
It's all vital information to help in their conservation. 这些都是帮助保护它们的重要信息.
Now in 2003,I visited one of Wales' best known nature reserves, 2003年,我参观了威尔士最着名的自然保护区之一,
Skomer Island off the Pembrokeshire coast, 彭布罗克郡海岸外的斯科默岛,
with my crew at the time to take part in the annual bird survey. 和我的船员一起参加一年一度的鸟类调查.
We were with Jane Hayden, 我们和简*海登在一起,
who at the time was Skomer's chief Manx shearwater surveyor, 当时谁是斯科默的首席曼克斯*希尔沃特测量师,
a position that often took her underground. 一个经常把她带到地下的职位.
Watch the thistles. 小心蓟.
Do you want me to hold on to your legs,just in case?! 你想让我抓住你的腿以防万一吗?!
If he pulls you under,that's it! 如果他把你拉下来,就这样!
Right underneath me.That's very handy. 就在我下面.这很方便.
Hello,gorgeous. 你好,美女.
There we go. 好了.
Hello,girl.Come on. 你好,女孩.加油!.
Yep,that one's on an egg as well. 是的,那个也在鸡蛋上.
I can bring this egg out for you to see it.Wow. 我可以把这个鸡蛋拿出来给你看.哇
It's a big egg.Yeah,she's quite a big egg.Yeah. 这是一个大鸡蛋.是啊,她是个大蛋.是的.
Oh,that must hurt! 哦,那一定很痛!
Dear me! See that? 亲爱的我!看到了吗?
Look at the size of that egg and the size of the bird. 看看那个鸡蛋的大小和鸟的大小.
No wonder it's only one egg. 难怪只有一个鸡蛋.
It must be a hell of an effort to lay that. 这一定是一个很大的努力.
That's probably about a quarter of the weight of the bird. 这可能是鸟的重量的四分之一.
Probably.A quarter of the size.Dear me. 大约.的四分之一大小.亲爱的我
See? And you moan about giving birth to a little kid! 看到了吗?你呻吟着要生一个小孩!
How do you fancy laying that? An egg the quarter the size of you? 你觉得怎么样?有你四分之一大的鸡蛋?
Hello. 你好!.
Come on. 加油!.
Oh,wow.Look at that. 哦,哇.你看.
That's actually quite a few days old.Look at that. 那实际上已经有几天了.你看.
See that one? 看到那个了吗?
And that's...How old is that? 这就是...多大了?
So that's already been left alone by its parents. 所以它的父母已经把它单独留下了.
So that'll be four or five days old at least.Yeah. 那至少要四五天了.是的.
Just a few days old.Isn't that fantastic? 才几天大.那不是很棒吗?
Oh,you beauty. 哦,你这个美人.
It's light,too,isn't it? 它也很轻,不是吗?
Aren't they? Hardly any weight to it at all. 不是吗?几乎没有任何重量.
So it's abandoned almost immediately.Yeah. 所以它几乎立即被放弃了.是的.
They go off and fish, 他们去钓鱼,
they'll come back at night and fill it full of fish. 他们会在晚上回来,把鱼装满.
In a way,the good thing about being a burrow nester 在某种程度上,作为一个洞穴内斯特的好处
is that chick is safe underground without the land predators. 没有陆地掠食者,那只雏鸟在地下安全吗?
Relatively. 相对而言.
You're making a noise almost like your mam and dad do,boy. 你在吵闹,就像你妈妈和爸爸一样,孩子.
Oh. 哦
Cool noise,isn't it? Fantastic,aren't they? 很酷的噪音,不是吗?太棒了,不是吗?
How long is this going to be in there for now,then? 这要持续多久 现在就在那里?
Probably at least until the end of August. 可能至少要到八月底.
That's what? two,two and a half months? It's a long time. 那是什么?两个,两个半月?好久不见
It will actually grow to probably be 它实际上将增长到可能是
one and a half times the size of the adult bird. 是成鸟的1.5倍
And then the adults desert it then and they won't come back at all. 然后大人们就放弃了,他们根本就不会回来了.
And at that point,the bird will start converting 在这一点上,鸟将开始转换
all this massive downy fluff into the feathers. 所有这些巨大的绒毛进入羽毛.
And then one night,it'll just go. 然后有一天晚上,它就会消失.
They tend to come out for a few nights and they'll sit 他们往往会出来几个晚上,然后就坐着
and presumably this is basically learning where home is at that point 大概这基本上是在学习家在那一点上的位置
because they're not going to see it again for a couple of years. 因为他们两年都不会再看到它了.
So they'll sit and they'll look around,have a wander around, 所以他们会坐下来,环顾四周,四处闲逛,
get their bearings and then they'll go back in the burrow. 找到他们的方位,然后他们就会回到洞穴里.
And then after a few days of doing that,they're off. 然后在做了几天之后,他们就走了.
They're amazing birds 它们是令人惊异的鸟
because they go from here to the coast of Argentina and Uruguay. 因为他们从这里到阿根廷和乌拉圭的海岸.
And I think it's the only bird we've got that goes that way. 我想这是我们唯一一只这样的鸟.
Most of those ours go down to Africa.Yeah. 我们的大多数人都去了非洲.是的.
Beautiful thing.It really is a stunner. 美丽thing.It 真的是一个尤物.
Oh,that was a nice surprise. 真是个惊喜.
Yeah,a nice surprise,being yanked out of a completely safe black hole 是啊,一个很好的惊喜,被从一个完全安全的黑洞里拉出来
and stuffed back down again! 又塞回去了!
Gorgeous little thing. 漂亮的小东西.
During my visit to Skomer Island in 2003, 2003年我访问斯科默岛期间,
I also tagged along on a puffin survey. 我还在海雀调查中做了标记.
They too,like Manx,shearwaters,nest in burrows. 它们也像曼克斯,剪羊毛,在洞穴里筑巢.
During the breeding season there are 6,000 pairs of puffins on Skomer. 在繁殖季节,Skomer上有6,000对海雀.
They spend most of the year out at sea, 他们一年中大部分时间都在海上度过,
returning to the island during the spring to raise their young. 春天回到岛上抚养他们的孩子.
One of the highlights of the year is the annual puffin survey... 今年的亮点之一是一年一度的海雀调查...
a strange-looking activity where puffins have to be pulled 一个看起来很奇怪的活动,海雀必须被拉
from their burrows to be ringed and measured. 从他们的洞穴里被圈起来测量.
Hell of an odd thing,seeing five grown people lying on the floor 真奇怪,看到五个成年人躺在地板上
with their hands in a big deep hole. 他们的手在一个很大的深洞里.
It's a weird looking thing. 看起来很奇怪.
Denby Vaughan is the main puffin puller. 丹比*沃恩是主要的海雀拉手.
Looking at the beak,you know, 看着喙,你知道,
you see them with these fish stacked up,often a dozen or more. 你可以看到它们和这些鱼堆积在一起,通常是十几条或更多.
How can they catch more when they've got some in their beaks anyway? 他们怎么能抓到更多的时候,他们已经有一些在他们的嘴呢?
Well,they've got a tongue that's serrated,so they hold the fish 他们的舌头是锯齿状的,所以他们抓着鱼
with the tongue up against the roof of their mouth... 舌头顶着他们的嘴...
And then go out and get more.Yeah.Incredible. 然后出去拿更多.是的.难以置信.
And the serrations point back to the back of the mouth 锯齿指向口腔后部
so the fish don't slip out. 这样鱼就不会滑出来了.
They're well adapted,aren't they? 他们适应得很好,不是吗?
All right.There's something in here. 諾..这里面有东西.
I think it's an adult. 我认为这是一个成年人.
Oh,wow. 哦,哇.
Good noise they make,isn't it? Great birds. 他们发出的声音很好,不是吗?伟大的鸟.
That's not ringed,so we'll do that one. 那不是环形的,所以我们要做那个.
Why the big colourful beak? 为什么是五颜六色的大嘴?
Why has it got that? 为什么会这样?
Well,it's involved in their courtship. 这和他们的求爱有关.
They do a lot of bill tapping and if hold your hand up... 他们做了很多的法案窃听,如果握住你的手...
They do a lot of this with each other with their beaks. 他们用喙做了很多这样的事情.
So obviously the bright colours are important 所以很明显,鲜艳的颜色很重要
in determining who's good and who isn't,I suppose. 在确定谁是好的,谁不是,我想.
Right.Legs as well? 对.腿也是?
When they fly off the cliff, 当他们飞下悬崖,
what they do is they split the wings out like this 他们所做的就是这样把翅膀分开
and they flutter the ends and they dangle their feet down 他们扑腾着两端,把脚垂下来
and they fly away from the cliff. 他们飞离悬崖.
And the partner is usually watching as they do it. 合作伙伴通常看着他们这样做.
So I guess the colour is,again,it's eye catching and... 所以我想颜色是,再次,它的醒目和...
You can see the little hooks on it as well,can't you? 你也能看到上面的小钩子,不是吗?
It's really sharp.They're like needles.Oh,they are. 它真的很锋利.它们就像针.哦,他们是.
Look at them,they're like a bird of prey talon,almost. 看看他们,他们就像一只猛禽爪,几乎.
Can you see that? Can you see the little hooks on them as well? 你能看到吗?你也能看到它们上面的小钩子吗?
That's got to be an adaptation for it to dig out... 这一定是一个适应它挖掘出来的...
For digging and also it's probably about 为了挖掘,也可能是关于
climbing up the cliffs and the rocks,which they quite often do. 爬上悬崖和岩石,他们经常这样做.
Puffins are well adapted for life on the cliff tops. 海雀很适合在悬崖顶上生活.
And their bills have extravagantly evolved for feeding and courtship. 他们的账单已经奢侈地演变为喂养和求爱.
During the winter the bright colours are lost, 在冬天,鲜艳的色彩消失了,
but during the breeding season they're at their spectacular best. 但在繁殖季节,它们处于最佳状态.
Their chicks,however,are a very different kind of bird. 然而,它们的雏鸟是一种非常不同的鸟.
They're also not that easy to extract. 它们也不是那么容易提取的.
Oh,rats! 哦,老鼠!
Damn! 该死!
He's got away and got back in,has he? 他跑了回来了,是吗?
He legged it. 他用脚踩了它.
I don't believe it. 我不相信.
He obviously does not want to come out this one,does he? 他显然不想出来这个,是吗?
You can imagine him hanging on for dear life in there. 你可以想象他在那里过着亲爱的生活.
Got you.Well done,boy.Wow,there we are.Good size. 抓住你了.干得好,孩子.哇,我们到了.尺寸不错.
One of the biggest ones we've had today.How old is he,then? 这是我们今天吃过的最大的一个.那他多大了?
Well,if it hatched in the first week of June... 好吧,如果它在六月的第一周孵化...
It's probably about three weeks old or something like that. 大概有三个星期了吧
Three weeks old,that one,probably. 大概是三个星期大的.
Completely different to the adults as well,isn't he? 他和大人们也完全不同,不是吗?
You're just starting to see a bit of puffin in its face, 你刚开始看到它脸上有一点海雀,
now the down's going.Right. 现在一切都结束了.对.
He's getting a white tummy.But the beak's very different. 他的肚子变白了.但喙完全不同.
Yeah.Very,very bland beak.He's a pretty vicious thing too. 是的.非常非常平淡无奇的喙.他也是个很凶的人.
They're too gentle.They can't hurt you at the moment. 他们太温柔了.他们现在不能伤害你.
No,I wouldn't do that if it was an adult,believe me. 不,如果是成年人,我不会这么做的,相信我.
I wouldn't stick my finger anywhere near. 我不会把手指伸近的.
Hasn't even got a serrated tongue yet. 甚至还没有锯齿状的舌头.
It just looks like a ball of fluff basically. 它基本上看起来像一团绒毛.
This is Traeth Lafan out here with Anglesey in the distance there. 我是特拉斯*拉凡,远处是安格尔西.
The tide is in at the moment,but when the tide goes out 潮水在当下,但当潮水退去时
it exposes hundreds of acres of sand and mud. 它暴露了数百英亩的沙子和泥土.
And that then attracts thousands of birds here, 然后吸引了成千上万的鸟类在这里,
especially in the winter months. 特别是在冬季.
And the most obvious and certainly the most vocal 最明显的,当然也是最有声音的
are the oystercatchers and they are monitored periodically. 是牡蛎,它们被定期监测.
And back in 2002,we filmed an explosive technique 回到2002年,我们拍摄了一个爆炸技术
to monitor these birds - cannon-netting. 监视这些鸟--大炮网.
Cannon-netting is certainly a dramatic way of catching birds. 加农炮网当然是一种引人注目的捕鸟方式.
Steve Dodd and his gang have come to Traeth Lafan 史蒂夫*多德和他的帮派来跟踪拉凡
on the Menai Straits to study oystercatchers. 在梅奈海峡研究牡蛎.
Speed is important. 速度很重要.
On the one hand,to stop them from getting free 一方面,阻止他们获得自由
and on the other to protect them from the incoming tide. 另一方面是为了保护他们不受潮水的影响.
Cannon-netting has been used for many years to catch birds 大炮网已经被用来捕鸟很多年了
and has been shown to be completely harmless. 并已显示 完全无害.
Come and help extract. 来帮忙提取.
That's incredible,Steve. 太不可思议了,史蒂夫.
It's more like a military operation than a ringing team out for the day. 这更像是一场军事行动,而不是一个振振有词的团队.
Yeah,we have to be quite organised. 是啊,我们得有条不紊.
Everyone has to work together as a team 每个人都必须作为一个团队一起工作
because obviously we're catching a lot of birds in one go. 因为很明显我们一次就抓到了很多鸟.
Fire the cannons and away it goes.That's right. 发射大炮,它就走了.没错.
How many birds have you got here? 你这儿有多少只鸟?
I would think we've got about 200 oystercatchers. 我想我们有大约200只牡蛎.
And is that a good catch for you? Yeah,it's very nice. 这对你来说是个好主意吗?是啊,很不错.
More than that,we'd start to struggle 更重要的是,我们会开始挣扎
with handling the quantity of birds. 处理鸟类的数量.
And would these birds stay here for the winter or will they move on? 这些鸟会留在这里过冬还是会继续前进?
Oh,yes.These will stay here for the winter. 哦,是的.这些将留在这里过冬.
The odd bird may move on through other bits of Wales, 这只奇怪的鸟可能会穿过威尔士的其他地方,
but essentially they come back from the breeding grounds 但基本上它们是从繁殖地回来的
during the middle of the summer,moult and replace their feathers, 在夏季中期,换羽并更换羽毛,
then stay here through the winter. 那就在这里度过冬天.
And then head back to the breeding grounds beginning of spring.Yeah. 然后回到春天开始的繁殖地.是的.
They actually go off,because a lot of these will be British breeders, 他们实际上走了,因为很多这些将是英国育种者,
they'll go off to the breeding grounds quite early on. 他们很早就会去繁殖地.
They start moving away in February and March. 他们在2月和3月开始搬走.
And moving away to breeding grounds further north or... 然后搬到更北的繁殖地...
Yeah,mainly Scotland. 是的,主要是苏格兰.
Throughout Scotland and the outer isles.Right. 整个苏格兰和外岛.对.
I mean,some birds also go to Iceland,Norway and the Faroes. 我的意思是,有些鸟也去冰岛,挪威和法罗群岛.
Tell me something,some of these birds have got bright orange beaks, 告诉我,有些鸟有明亮的橙色喙,
others have got quite dark beaks.Is that adult and youngsters? 其他人已经变得相当黑暗beaks.Is 那个大人和年轻人?
Yes.The bright orange beaks like this bird here 是的.明亮的橙色喙就像这只鸟
and the bright pink legs, 还有鲜艳的粉红色腿,
that'll be a full adult bird,at least three years old. 那将是一只成年鸟,至少三岁.
Juvenile birds, 幼鸟,
which I'm sure we'll find later on and show you specifically, 我相信我们稍后会找到并具体地告诉你,
have got brown eyes and dark beaks and legs. 有棕色的眼睛,深色的喙和腿.
These have got beautiful,bright red eyes and they're stunning birds. 这些有美丽,鲜红的眼睛,他们是惊人的鸟.
They really are. 他们确实是.
One interesting thing about oystercatchers Oystercatchers的一个有趣的事情
is that their favourite food is mussels, 他们最喜欢的食物是贻贝吗?,
but they feed on them in two different ways. 但它们以两种不同的方式进食.
They have two different techniques. 他们有两种不同的技术.
One is you have birds called stabbers and they use stealth. 一个是你有鸟叫刺刀,他们使用隐身.
So they'll go and creep up on a mussel 所以他们会爬到贻贝上
and put their beaks in quickly 快把它们的喙放进去
and cut the muscle that holds the two shells 割断支撑两个贝壳的肌肉
and then they're able to feed on that. 然后他们就可以吃了.
But the other method used by different birds is hammering. 但不同鸟类使用的另一种方法是锤击.
They're hammerers,these birds. 他们是锤子,这些鸟.
They'll just get the mussel and hammer away with their beak. 他们只会拿到贻贝,用嘴锤掉.
And what's interesting is that the beaks of stabbers are longer 有趣的是,刺刀的喙更长
and sharper than of hammers, 比锤子还要锋利,
because obviously they're not using it to hammer away at the shell. 因为很明显他们不是用它来锤击炮弹的.
The data collected indicates that like other migrating birds, 收集的数据表明,与其他候鸟一样,
oystercatchers always return to their own patch oystercatchers总是回到自己的补丁
and this flock remains within a two mile stretch 这群羊还在两英里范围内
of the Menai Straits at Traeth Lafan. 在特拉斯*拉凡的梅奈海峡.
256.
They also have a neat trick of keeping stable during long flights. 他们也有一个在长途飞行中保持稳定的巧妙技巧.
What's quite interesting with oystercatchers, 牡蛎有什么有趣的,
They're adapted so that in flight the head stays still, 它们经过调整,以便在飞行中头部保持静止,
even though the body might be moving up and down in flight. 即使身体可能在飞行中上下移动.
That's amazing. 太神奇了.
It hasn't moved its beak at all or its eyes. 它根本没有动过喙,也没有动过眼睛.
And is that so they can look around without any head shaking? 这样他们就可以不摇头地环顾四周了吗?
Presumably,yes. 据推测,是的.
It just shows how good they are, 它只是表明他们有多好,
their own little spirit level in their head. 他们自己的小精神水平在他们的头上.
And also because they've got these eyes both sides of the head 也因为他们的眼睛两边都是头部
so they can see all around more or less,can they? 这样他们就能或多或少地看到周围的一切,对吧?
Pretty well,yes. 很好,是的.
They prefer to be in flocks,certainly when roosting, 他们喜欢成群,当然是在栖息的时候,
because many eyes make it much easier to see predators. 因为许多眼睛使它更容易看到掠食者.
But they can see all the way round. 但他们可以看到所有的方式.
It must be nice to be able to keep a level head no matter what. 不管发生什么,能够保持一个水平的头脑一定很好.
Wasn't that oystercatcher amazing? 那不是牡蛎很神奇吗?
Bobbing up and down and its head stayed stock still. 上下摆动,头保持不动.
Nature's fascinating,it really is. 大自然真的很迷人.
And I know that the cannon-netting looked quite intrusive, 我知道炮网看起来很有侵略性,
and I suppose it is for a short period, 我想这是一段很短的时间,
but the information the scientists get from all that work is invaluable 但是科学家们从所有这些工作中获得的信息是非常宝贵的
and actually helps in the conservation of that species too. 实际上也有助于保护这个物种.
Headlands and islands are vitally important for migratory birds. 岬角和岛屿对候鸟至关重要.
It's kind of a stop-off point,a bit like a motorway cafe. 这是一个停车点,有点像高速公路上的咖啡馆.
Somewhere they can stop,rest,feed before they move on again. 在他们继续前进之前,他们可以停下来,休息,喂食的地方.
And in 2007 I visited Bardsey Island, 2007年,我参观了巴德西岛,
where I filmed Mike Archer ringing spring migrants. 我在那里拍摄了迈克*阿切尔给春天的移民打电话.
So the ringing nets are up here,are they? 响铃的网在上面,是吗?
Yes,we have ten nets in the garden,in the observatory garden. 是的,我们在花园里,在天文台花园里有十个网.
We open them on mornings when there's no wind and when it's dry. 我们在没有风和干燥的早晨打开它们.
We have a bird in the net here,so let's move in. 我们这里有一只鸟在网里,我们进去吧.
And it's on this side of the net, 它就在网的这一边,
so we have to extract it from this side. 所以我们必须把它从这边提取出来.
It's gone in that side,so you've got to get it out the same way? 它在那边消失了,所以你必须以同样的方式把它弄出来?
That's right. 没错.
It's flown in from this direction,obviously going over. 它是从这个方向飞来的,显然是飞过来的.
And away we go,back to the ringing hut. 我们走了,回到响铃的小屋.
So this is HQ. 这是总部.
This is the ringing room. 这是响铃室.
Hello,Steve.OK. 你好,史蒂夫.好的.
Now,let's find out what this one is. 现在,让我们看看这个是什么.
So you have to look at what? You have to look at... 那你得看看什么?你得看看...
The first thing we do is to check 我们要做的第一件事就是检查
whether there's a ring already on the bird, 鸟上是否已经有戒指,
and there's no ring on there. 上面没有戒指.
And then the next thing is to positively identify the bird. 然后接下来的事情是积极识别这只鸟.
And in the case of these warblers,we check the little indentation 在这些莺的情况下,我们检查小压痕
at the end of these long feathers,which are called primaries.Right. 在这些长羽毛的末端,它们被称为初选.对.
These are the feathers that do the rowing through the air. 这些是在空中划船的羽毛.
So that confirms that it's a chiffchaff. 所以这证实了它是一个雪纺.
This is very,very technical,isn't it? 这是非常,非常技术性的,不是吗?
You've obviously got to be experienced before you can ring. 很明显,你必须有经验才能打电话.
Well,you train with people who are more experienced. 你和更有经验的人一起训练.
This is ring number 31,which is... 这是31号戒指...
It's a small ring as well. 这也是一个小戒指.
It's a very small ring,but it weighs about equivalent 这是一个非常小的戒指,但它的重量大约相当于
to a wristwatch on a human from the bird's point of view. 从鸟的角度看,人类的手表.
It's no effort to carry it. 携带它并不费劲.
And then we would weigh it using this film canister. 然后我们用这个薄膜罐来衡量它.
It slides in. 它滑入.
It goes on there gently. 它轻轻地继续下去.
The weight is 6.3 grams. 重量为6.3克.
Well,well,well. 好吧,好吧,好吧.
So we'll have a look at what the next bird turns out to be. 所以我们来看看下一只鸟是什么.
It's exciting,isn't it? 很刺激,不是吗?
You don't always know what's going to be in the bag, 你并不总是知道包里会有什么,
although,of course,if you've been around the net, 当然,如果你一直在网上,
you have a fair idea of what is to come. 你对将要发生的事情有一个公平的想法.
Oh,wow,a blackcap.A lovely glossy,black head it's got. 哦,哇,一个黑帽.它有一个可爱的光滑的黑色头.
That's right.The female,of course,has the brown head. 没错.女性,当然,有棕色的头.
It's a one-year-old,do you think? 你觉得是个一岁的孩子吗?
I think it's a one-year-old and it's a male. 我想这是一个一岁的孩子,它是一个男性.
85 male.85 male. 85男.85男.
So,85,this is a code for the bird that left the nest last year. 所以,85,这是去年离开巢穴的鸟的密码.
That's right.Right. 没错.对.
The weight and the wing length give an overall measure of the condition 重量和翼长给出了条件的总体度量
of the bird,how healthy it is,whether it's likely to have come 关于这只鸟,它有多健康,它是否可能来了
to the end of its migratory or close to the end of its migratory journey. 到其迁徙的终点或接近其迁徙旅程的终点.
Or will this go on further north again? Yes. 还是再往北走?是的.
Oh,that's interesting.I didn't know that. 真有意思.我不知道.
And if,for instance,a bird stayed here for four or five days 例如,如果一只鸟在这里呆了四五天
and you were able to catch it every day, 你每天都能抓住它,
the weight would usually increase over the period. 体重通常会随着时间的推移而增加.
Go up and up and up.Right.So we now weigh the bird. 上去,上去,up.Right.So 我们现在称这只鸟.
Slide it into the pot. 将其滑入锅中.
Which holds it steady. 这使它保持稳定.
Place the pot on the platform. 将锅放在平台上.
14.7 is the weight in grams.Not too heavy a bird. 14.7是以克为单位的重量.不是太重的鸟.
OK,I think we should let it go now.Indeed we should.Yes. 好吧,我想我们现在应该放手了.我们确实应该这样做.是的.
And we're now going to release the bird,which I place on my hand. 我们现在要放了我放在手上的那只鸟.
And then off he flies.He didn't hang around,did he? No. 然后他飞走了.他没在这儿呆着吧?非也..
The knowledge of these bird ringers never ceases to amaze me. 这些鸟环的知识从未停止令我惊讶.
Imagine being able to sex and age a bird 想象一下,能和一只鸟做爱和变老
just by looking at its feathers like that. 只要看看它的羽毛就行了.
Amazing people. 了不起的人.
I'll be back with some more wildlife moments from the archives, 我会带着更多的野生动物档案回来,
but in the meantime,here are two very tame birds to keep you going. 但与此同时,这里有两只非常驯服的鸟让你继续前进.
Most of the year you feel that you've got Stackpole to yourself 一年中的大部分时间里,你都觉得自己很无聊
because you don't see many people. 因为你见的人不多.
But in summer it can be incredibly busy. 但在夏天,它可能会非常繁忙.
There are 250,000 visitors every year here 这里每年有250,000名游客
and some people actually come here specifically to feed the birds 有些人专门来这里喂鸟
and especially the robins. 特别是知更鸟.
Come on. 加油!.
And the birds are just so used to being fed. 这些鸟已经习惯了被喂食.
You get quite a gathering. 你的聚会很热闹.
You get great tits like this one,you get blue tits,chaffinches. 你的乳头像这样很大,你的乳头很蓝,很漂亮.
And for a naturalist,it gives you a real good opportunity 对于一个博物学家来说,这给了你一个真正的好机会
to see them close up. 看到他们靠近.
They're common birds,yes,but you rarely get this close to them. 它们是常见的鸟类,是的,但你很少接近它们.
And the thing that strikes me every time one lands on my hand 每当有人落在我手上时,我就会感到震惊
is just how light they are. 就是它们有多轻.
And here's a taste of what I'll be digging up 这是我要挖的东西的味道
next time from the archive. 下次从存档.
We've got another one here. 我们这里还有一个.
Yes.A little one.There he is. 是的.一个小家伙.他在这儿.
Look at that.He's gone too! 你看.他也走了!
It's about seven weeks old.Yeah. 它大约有七个星期了.是的.
And he'd be with his mother for how long usually? 他通常会和他妈妈在一起多久?
Probably about a year hey're with the mother for. 大概和妈妈在一起一年吧.
But he's not the first one you've looked after.He's number 32. 但他不是你照顾的第一个.他是32号.
That's more orange. 更橙色.
That looks like a high brown. 看起来像高棕色.
That is a high brown. 那是一种高棕色.
Yeah,I can see the underside of the hind wing.Lovely. 是的,我能看到后翼的下面.可爱极了.
So that's another one. 那又是一个.
I say she because I see a little bit of orange at the base of the bill 我说她是因为我看到账单底部有一点橙色
and a beautiful,beautiful bird. 还有一只美丽的鸟.
And the amazing thing is,she's got this wonderful orange breast 令人惊奇的是,她有一个漂亮的橙色乳房
and then bright blue back. 然后亮蓝色的背部.
For the past 25 years, 过去25年,
I've been lucky enough to film some stunning wildlife for BBC Wales 我很幸运地为BBC威尔士拍摄了一些令人惊叹的野生动物
and we've been going through the archives, 我们一直在查阅档案,
looking for some of the highlights. 寻找一些亮点.
And believe me,there are plenty of them. 相信我,他们有很多.
I tell you,something I've never seen before 我告诉你,我以前从未见过的东西
is behind this oak tree here,there is a hole about 25ft up, 在这棵橡树后面,有一个洞大约25英尺高,
quite a big hole,and in the there is a greylag goose. 一个很大的洞,里面有一只灰鹅.
This wonderful little animal here is a lesser horseshoe bat 这个奇妙的小动物在这里是一个较小的马蹄蝙蝠
and it's got its wings wrapped around it like brown clingfilm. 它的翅膀像棕色的保鲜膜一样缠绕在它周围.
And what's interesting is that I've been asked not to say the letter S 有趣的是,有人要求我不要说字母S
very often because apparently,they pick up on that and they wake up. 很多时候,因为显然,他们拿起,他们醒来.
It's on the floor at the moment. 现在在地板上.
It's hanging round with a jackdaw,almost like an unwanted aunt really. 它挂着一只寒鸦,几乎就像一个不受欢迎的阿姨真的.
Smart birds. 聪明的鸟.
Well,that was a ring-necked parakeet in Singleton Park 那是单身公园里的一只环颈鹦鹉
in Swansea there.Since then, 在斯旺西那里.从那以后,
there have been a few scattered records of birds in places like 在像这样的地方,有一些零散的鸟类记录.
Wrexham and Cardiff,but I'm afraid to say,I was in Singleton 雷克瑟姆和卡迪夫,但我不敢说,我在单身
last week and that particular parakeet,well,it is no more. 上周和那个特别的鹦鹉,好吧,它不再是了.
Now,back in the year 2000,I went dipping in this very river here and 现在,回到2000年,我在这条河里泡了一泡.
way back then,I had the dogs,Ianto and Ianto and Gweni with me 那时候,我有狗,Ianto,Ianto和Gweni和我在一起
and if I recall rightly, 如果我没记错的话,
I was wearing one of the shortest pairs of shorts you've ever seen. 我穿着你见过的最短的一条短裤.
So,in this river,you've got trout,you've got salmon, 所以,在这条河里,你有鳟鱼,你有鲑鱼,
you've got all kinds of fish,you've also got dippers going 你有各种各样的鱼,你也有潜水者
underwater after invertebrates,but what kind of invertebrates? 水下无脊椎动物之后,但什么样的无脊椎动物?
Well,the only way to find out is to actually go in there 找到答案的唯一方法就是真的进去
and have a look under some of these stones. 看看这些石头下面.
And here is one of them. 这里是其中之一.
Now,it looks exactly like a bundle of sticks,which is 现在,它看起来完全像一捆棍子,这是
exactly what it's meant to look like, 正是它的样子,
cos it's a caddisfly larvae 因为这是一只幼虫
and a caddisfly larvae is a soft-bodied maggot. 而caddisfly幼虫是一种软体蛆.
Because of that,it's very vulnerable, 正因为如此,它非常脆弱,
so what it does is it builds this case of pebbles 所以它所做的就是构建这个鹅卵石案例
and sticks around itself as a kind of a den 就像一个巢穴一样围绕着自己
and these usually stay tucked under way beneath stones 这些东西通常藏在石头下面
and this is the favoured food of the dipper.The dipper loves these. 这是北斗七星最喜欢的食物.北斗七星喜欢这些.
It's like going to a McDonald's for a dipper. 这就像去麦当劳吃北斗七星.
And here we have another favoured prey item. 这里还有另一个受欢迎的猎物.
A nymph with three prongs on its tail. 尾巴上有三个尖头的若虫.
This is a mayfly nymph.In a week or two,this will hatch out 这是蜉蝣nymph.In 一两个星期,这就会消失
to become a mayfly,that infamous insect that appears, 成为蜉蝣,出现的臭名昭着的昆虫,
that mates and dies all within 24 hours. 那家伙在24小时内就死了.
And these,again,creep under the rocks 这些又在岩石下爬行
before coming out as adult insects. 在成年昆虫出来之前.
I found an adult mayfly on the Montgomery Canal, 我在蒙哥马利运河上发现了一只成年蜉蝣,
not far away from the River Severn at Newtown,on another film shoot. 离纽顿塞文河不远,在另一部电影拍摄中.
I was with local naturalist Andy Law. 我和当地的博物学家安迪*劳在一起.
This one here,And.Mayfly? Mayfly,yeah.That is a mayfly.It's... 这一个在这里,和.蜉蝣?蜉蝣,是的.这是一个mayfly.It's...
It's just emerged.You can see there,the old larval case. 它刚刚出现.你可以看到,老幼虫的案子.
You can see how it's split the back to climb out and now, 你可以看到它是如何分裂的背部爬出来,现在,
it's drying its wings. 它在晒翅膀.
It's an incredible transformation, isn't it? 这是一个令人难以置信的转变, 不是吗?
They're a valuable food source for a whole range of birds, 它们是各种鸟类的宝贵食物来源,
quite tasty snack. 相当美味的小吃.
I was going to say,that must be a fair old mouthful, 我想说,那一定是一个相当古老的口,
mustn't it,for a bird? I mean,you know, 难道不是,为了一只鸟吗?我是说,你知道的,
there are thousands of these emerging very day along the canal. 运河沿岸每天都有成千上万的这样的人出现.
And these are ones that emerge,mate, 这些是出现的,伙计,
lay eggs and die in a very short space of time.That's right. 产卵并在很短的时间内死亡.没错.
You know,once you start looking in amongst the stones in these 你知道,一旦你开始在这些石头中寻找
rivers,you can find some fascinating wildlife, 河流,你可以找到一些迷人的野生动物,
including things like frogs.And in my early years, 包括青蛙之类的东西.在我早年,
I went out with Dr Fred Slater in search of hibernating frogs, 我和弗雷德*斯莱特博士出去寻找冬眠的青蛙,
and as we all know,frogs,they can be slippery customers. 众所周知,青蛙,他们可能是滑溜溜的顾客.
Have a look under this one. 看看这个下面.
Anything there,Fred? Yeah.I...Yeah. 有什么事吗,弗雷德?是的.我...是的.
Yeah. 是的.
What have you got? 你有什么发现?
We're doing well.Look at that.There are two of them. 我们做得很好.你看.他们有两个.
Ah,right.Cracking.Wow! Whoa! 啊,对.开裂.哇塞! 哇!
They're very lively,too,aren't they? Very lively. 他们也很活泼,不是吗?非常热闹.
That's all right.Let that one go.We've got another one here. 没关系.让那个去吧.我们这里还有一个.
Yes,we've got...Another one.There he is.Look at that.Whoop! 是的,我们有...再来一个.他在这儿.你看.哇!
He's gone too! 他也走了!
Catch him again.Catch him again.Here we go. 再抓住他.再抓住他.开始吧.
Well,considering they're meant to be hibernating,Fred, 考虑到它们应该冬眠,弗雷德,
they're pretty awake.They're pretty awake,aren't they? Yeah. 他们很清醒.他们很清醒,不是吗?是的.
He is a lively one! He's a very lively frog! 他是个活泼的人! 他是一只非常活泼的青蛙!
Hit him on the head with that bit of stick. 用那根棍子打他的头.
I'll bring a dead one out,yeah.Bring the dead one out 我会带一个死人出来的.把死人带出来
and shake him a bit.Why then do they hibernate in the stream? 摇摇他一下.那么他们为什么要在流中休眠呢?
I would have expected them to come out 我会料到他们会出来的
and go into this vegetation here. 进入这里的植被.
There are several advantages being here. 这里有几个优点.
One,they're under stones,so they're protected from predators. 第一,它们在石头下面,所以它们被保护免受掠食者的侵害.
Secondly,they breath through their skin and the colder water is, 其次,它们通过皮肤呼吸,较冷的水是,
the more oxygen it's got. 氧气越多.
So that they're actually in a well-oxygenated place. 所以他们实际上是在一个充氧的地方.
And although my fingers are freezing this morning, 虽然今天早上我的手指都冻僵了,
that water really never gets below freezing point. 那水真的永远不会低于冰点.
Even if it ices over,the water is still flowing underneath 即使它过去了,水仍然在下面流动
and they're in a relatively constant temperature. 它们处于相对恒定的温度下.
So it's an ideal place to be. 所以这是一个理想的地方.
There's none of this sort of going into a deep prolonged torpor... 没有这样的事情会陷入长期的迟钝之中...
No,they don't seem to go into a deep torpor. 不,他们似乎没有陷入深深的迟钝之中.
They seem to be quite active. 他们似乎很活跃.
You turn the stones over,they will escape. 你把石头翻过来,他们就会逃跑.
And this stream,as I say,is one where we do get crayfish 正如我所说,这条小溪是我们得到小龙虾的地方
and certainly we also get otters, 当然,我们也有水獭,
and otters will turn stones over.We know that they go after crayfish 水獭会把石头翻过来.我们知道他们在追小龙虾
in the winter.They'll probably go after frogs as well. 在冬天.他们可能也会去找青蛙.
And so,it's probably quite useful,if you're a frog, 所以,如果你是一只青蛙,它可能非常有用,
to be able to get out of the way if something does turn stones over. 如果有什么东西真的把石头翻过来,就能让开.
Well,river water,it's always cold,isn't it? 河水,总是很冷,不是吗?
And as Fred said,the colder the water, 正如弗雷德所说,水越冷,
the better it is for the frogs. 对青蛙越好.
And otters,well,they'll eat a wide variety of prey, 还有水獭,它们会吃各种各样的猎物,
not just fish and eels. 不只是鱼和鳗鱼.
And in spring,in particular,you'll find them going up rivers 特别是在春天,你会发现它们在上河
and streams,looking for spawning frogs to feed on. 和溪流,寻找产卵的青蛙以食.
And over the years,the crew and I,we've spent an inordinate amount 这些年来,我和船员们,我们花了太多的钱
of time trying to film otters and to be honest, 时间试图拍摄水獭,说实话,
more often than not,we've failed. 我们往往失败了.
But every now and again,you come across them unexpectedly, 但偶尔,你会意外地遇到它们,
and that's exactly what happened early one morning 而这正是一天清晨发生的事情
at Bosherston Pools,Stackpole in Pembrokeshire, 在彭布罗克郡的斯塔克波尔,博舍斯顿游泳池,
when I went out with local expert Jim Bevington. 当我和当地专家吉姆*贝文顿出去的时候.
When you said we were going to see otters,Jim,I thought 当你说我们要去看水獭的时候,吉姆,我想
we were going to see them 100 metres away. 我们要在100米外看到他们.
They're right underneath us.Ten metres away. 他们就在我们下面.十米远.
Pretty good,eh? These look like two cubs. 很好,嗯?这些看起来像两只幼崽.
Yeah,this will be the mum and her two cubs.OK. 是的,这将是妈妈和她的两只幼崽.好的.
They were in fact a mother with two cubs. 他们实际上是一个有两只幼崽的母亲.
It was great to see. 很高兴看到.
And a few years before this,I was able to get even closer to 在这之前的几年里,我更接近了
an otter at a sanctuary near Llangorse in the Brecon Beacons. 在Brecon Beacons的Llangorse附近的避难所的水獭.
And unfortunately,the mother... 不幸的是,母亲...
At the sanctuary,Laura Jones was looking after a baby otter. 在避难所,劳拉*琼斯正在照顾一只水獭宝宝.
It had been attacked by a dog and although it had survived, 它被一只狗袭击了,虽然它活了下来,
it was not well enough to be released. 它还不够好,不能被释放.
Oh,wow! 哦,哇!
They're a beautiful little animal.Well,well,well! 他们是一个美丽的小动物.好吧,好吧,好吧!
How old is he,then,Laura? He is about... 他多大了,劳拉?他是关于...
From his weight,probably about seven weeks old. 从他的体重来看,大概是七周大.
Seven weeks old.Yeah. 七周大.是的.
And he'd be with his mother for how long,usually? 他通常会和他妈妈在一起多久?
Probably about a year,I think,they're with the mother for. 大概一年左右,我想,他们和母亲在一起.
He's not the first one you've looked after,is he? He's number 32. 他不是你照顾的第一个,对吧?他是32号.
Number 32! Yeah. 32号!是的.
And otters are doing really well now, 水獭现在做得很好,
so you must be finding more and more orphans. 所以你一定会发现越来越多的孤儿.
Yeah,more and more orphans coming in,but,I mean,mostly 是的,越来越多的孤儿进来,但是,我是说,大部分时间
from road casualties,the mother's been killed,the orphan's come in. 由于道路上的伤亡,母亲被杀了,孤儿进来了.
I suppose it's important for you to handle them 我想你处理这些问题很重要
as little as you possibly can,is it? As little as possible,yeah. 尽你所能,对吧?尽可能少,是的.
We've had to handle him because he first went onto fish paste 我们不得不处理他,因为他第一次吃鱼糊
when he came here because he wouldn't eat 当他来这里是因为他不吃东西
solid salmon.It's hard work,every few hours! 固体salmon.It这是艰苦的工作,每隔几个小时!
He's eating better than I am! What's going to happen to him,then? 他吃得比我好!那他会怎么样?
How long is he going to be with you here? 他要和你在一起多久?
For a couple more days.He's already been with us for a week. 再过几天.他已经和我们在一起一个星期了.
But then he'll go down to the otter and owl sanctuary in the New Forest. 然后他会去新森林里的水獭和猫头鹰保护区.
And he'll be there for about a year and then released back 他会在那里呆一年,然后被释放回来
up in Mid Wales. 在威尔士中部.
Well,he's squeaking like mad. 他像疯了一样吱吱作响.
You're going to have to put him back.Yeah. 你得把他放回去.是的.
He's not liking being handled there at all,is he? 他根本不喜欢在那里被处理,对吧?
Take care,boy.Ta-ra. 保重,孩子.塔拉.
Have a good time down in England,but rush back to Wales.Nice one. 在英格兰度过一段美好的时光,但要赶回威尔士.不错的.
Something really special about otters,isn't there? 水獭真的很特别,不是吗?
Especially otter cubs. 特别是水獭幼崽.
And the good news is,they're now found on every major 好消息是,现在每个专业都能找到它们
river in Wales,although there has been a recent worrying decline. 威尔士的河流,尽管最近出现了令人担忧的下降.
And that's true also of our butterflies 我们的蝴蝶也是如此
and one species in particular,the beautiful high brown fritillary. 特别是一个物种,美丽的高棕色贝母.
They used to be found here on Dolanog Hill,but now, 他们曾经在多拉诺山被发现,但现在,
they've gone and they're confined to just one site in the whole of Wales. 他们已经走了,他们被限制在整个威尔士的一个地方.
Over 20 years ago, 20多年前,
I came here with butterfly expert Simon Spencer to look for them 我和蝴蝶专家西蒙*斯宾塞一起来找他们
in the summer when the bracken was literally over our heads. 在夏天,蕨类植物真的在我们头上.
Simon,there's one on the...See it on the thistle,there? 西蒙,上面有一个...在蓟上看到了吗?
The purple thistle. 紫蓟.
What's that one? It's quite orange. 那是什么?它是相当橙色的.
Yes,I can see the underside of the hind wing now. 是的,我现在可以看到后翼的下面了.
It's got...Yes,it has. 它得到了...是的,有.
It's got the brown spots on the outside of the hind wing. 后翼外侧有棕色斑点.
So that makes it what? That makes it a high brown. 那就是什么?这使它成为高棕色.
And that's the one we've come here to look for,is it? It is. 这就是我们来这里找的,对吧?确实如此.
Yes.And you say that in order to be able to identify it, 是的.你这么说是为了能够识别它,
you've got to get it to close its wings. 你得让它闭上翅膀.
You've got to see the underneath... 你得看看下面...
You've got to see the underside of the hind wing.Cos... 你得看看后翼的下面.因为...
Sometimes,you can 有时候,你可以
say that some of the paler ones are definitely dark green 说一些比较苍白的肯定是深绿色的
fritillary,the other fritillary,but if they're bright orange, 贝母,另一个贝母,但如果它们是明亮的橙色,
they can be either. 它们也可以.
They can be either dark green,or high brown fritillary. 它们可以是深绿色或高棕色贝母.
So they always feed on marsh thistles? 所以他们总是以沼泽蓟为食?
The adults put their proboscis into the marsh thistle flowers 成虫把它们的长鼻放进沼泽蓟花里
and suck up the nectar,but the caterpillars feed on violets, 吸食花蜜,但毛毛虫以紫罗兰为食,
living in the bracken. 住在蕨类植物里.
But why are they so rare,then? Well,in some commons... 但为什么它们如此罕见呢?好吧,在一些公地里...
Can I cut across you? What's this one? 我能隔着你吗? 这是什么?
There's one skirting around here.What's that one,there? There it is. 这附近有一个.那是什么?在这儿.
That's the dark green,cos it looks rather pale 那是深绿色,因为它看起来相当苍白
and the pale ones are always dark green. 苍白的总是深绿色.
Right.But the orange ones can be either. 对.但橙色的也可以.
That's more orange.That looks like a high brown. 更橙色.看起来像高棕色.
That is a high brown. 那是一种高棕色.
Yeah,I can see the underside of the hind wing. 是的,我能看到后翼的下面.
Oh,lovely.So,that's another one. 哦,lovely.So,那是另一个.
So,have you any idea how many there are here now,then? 那么,你知道现在这里有多少人吗?
There's probably about half a dozen butterflies. 大概有六只蝴蝶.
Right,but...That we're seeing several times. 对,但是...我们已经看过好几次了.
Right,and...And on the rest of the common,well,maybe 30,40,50. 对,而且...而在普通的其余部分,好吧,也许30,40,50.
It's tragic,really,isn't it, 真的很悲惨,不是吗,
when you think that when I came here in the year 2000, 当你想到2000年我来这里的时候,
there were between 40 and 50 high brown fritillary butterflies 有40到50只高棕色贝母蝴蝶
here and they've all gone. 在这里,他们都走了.
And actually,it's confined these days to just 事实上,现在它被限制在
one site in the whole of Wales,and that's in the Vale of Glamorgan. 一个地点在整个威尔士,那在格拉摩根谷.
But some species have already become extinct. 但有些物种已经灭绝.
The same year I came here to see the butterflies, 同年我来这里看蝴蝶,
I accompanied ornithologist Barry Barnacle to some arable 我陪鸟类学家巴里*巴纳奇去了一些耕地
fields on the Dee Estuary to see the last remaining 迪河口的田野可以看到最后剩下的
site for a small brown bird. 一只棕色的小鸟的地方.
So the corn bunting's been hanging around 所以玉米彩旗一直在附近转悠
in this potato patch,then,Barry? 在这个土豆片里,巴里?
Yes,it is.This is the last site for corn bunting. 是的,是的.这是玉米彩旗的最后一个地方.
Seems to like to sing fairly close to the edge of the track 似乎喜欢唱相当接近轨道的边缘
and likes to sit on top of the tallest of potatoes 喜欢坐在最高的土豆上
and will sing for,oh,ten minutes at a time. 每次唱十分钟.
And then,will just disappear and presumably goes off to feed. 然后,就会消失,大概会去吃东西.
And it's been here for how long now? 它在这里呆了多久了?
We've been watching it for six weeks. 我们已经看了六个星期了.
And it's only the one.You've only got one bird left. 这只是一个.你只剩下一只鸟了.
That's all we've seen.Previous years... 这就是我们所看到的.前几年...
Last year,for instance,we had four pairs. 例如,去年,我们有四对.
The year before that,there were eight pairs. 前一年,有八对.
But now,sadly,down to this one singing male. 但现在,可悲的是,直到这个唱歌的男性.
The corn bunting is becoming extinct here 这里的玉米彩旗正在灭绝
because the farmer has largely stopped growing barley and wheat. 因为农民基本上已经停止种植大麦和小麦.
The land is now predominantly used for growing potatoes, 这片土地现在主要用于种植土豆,
and so the corn bunting is finding it impossible to survive. 所以玉米彩旗发现它不可能生存.
I never thought I would live to see the extinction of a species, 我从没想过我会活着看到一个物种的灭绝,
especially a bird.It's very final,isn't it? Very sad. 特别是一个bird.It这是最后的决定,不是吗?非常伤心.
It is,and to hear this bird singing 它是,听到这只鸟唱歌
and to know that this is the last known site in Wales is... 要知道这是威尔士最后一个已知的地点...
Is a very sad thing and it's also a dramatic thing to witness 这是一件非常悲伤的事情,也是一件戏剧性的事情
a bird just becoming extinct. 一只刚刚灭绝的鸟.
It's hard to describe just how sad it is,watching a bird, 看着一只鸟,很难描述它有多悲伤,
knowing that once that goes,that individual goes, 知道一旦去了,那个人就去了,
then that's it,that's a whole species extinct in Wales. 那就是它,这是一个在威尔士灭绝的整个物种.
And there are so many other species as well now on the verge 现在还有很多其他物种濒临灭绝
of extinction,nearly all of them because of habitat loss. 灭绝,几乎所有的人都是因为栖息地的丧失.
I'm on Merthyr Common,overlooking Dowlais 我在Merthyr Common,俯瞰Dowlais
and Merthyr Tydfil here, 这里还有梅特尔*泰迪菲尔,
and this is the location of the massive Ffos-y-Fran open cast 这就是大型Ffos-y-Fran开放演员阵容的位置
coal site,and it's also an old landfill site, 煤场,也是一个旧的垃圾填埋场,
so it's about as industrial as you can get really. 所以它就像你能真正得到的工业一样.
But incredibly,12 years ago,lapwings were nesting on this site. 但令人难以置信的是,12年前,lapwings在这个地方筑巢.
When I visited here,the whole area was being dug for coal 当我访问这里时,整个地区都在挖煤
and re-landscaped from old mines 并从旧矿重新美化
and tips that had been here for centuries. 还有几个世纪以来一直在这里的小贴士.
It was a huge operation. 这是一个巨大的行动.
But surrounding the big deep excavations,there was 但围绕着大的深挖掘,有
temporarily excellent rough ground,perfect for lapwings to nest on. 临时优良的粗糙地面,非常适合搭接.
The location was exceptional 地点很特别
because there were very few breeding sites left in Wales. 因为威尔士的繁殖地很少.
At the time,the site was being supervised by ecologist Kylie Jones. 当时,该网站由生态学家Kylie Jones监督.
It's funny,isn't it? 很有趣,不是吗?
Cos you always think of lapwing as being a farmland bird,but in Wales, 因为你总是认为lapwing是一种农田鸟,但在威尔士,
more and more now,they're on these industrial sites, 现在越来越多的人在这些工业场所,
kind of damp,bare areas,which is really good for them. 那种潮湿,裸露的地方,这对他们来说真的很好.
Do they do all right here? 他们在这里做得好吗?
The type of ground up here's perfect for them. 这里的地面类型对他们来说是完美的.
They're not here in the winter. 他们冬天不在这里.
They come back to nest now at this time of year. 每年的这个时候,他们都会回来筑巢.
They do pretty well,but unfortunately, 他们做得很好,但不幸的是,
they are heavily predated by gulls and crows 它们主要捕食海鸥和乌鸦
and that's the main thing that is affecting them. 这是影响他们的主要原因.
I tell you the other thing,there's lots of them behind us now, 我告诉你另一件事,我们后面有很多人,
singing,skylarks.Yeah.A lot of skylarks on site. 唱歌,云雀.是的.现场有很多云雀.
Yeah,it's good,isn't it? 是啊,很好,不是吗?
It's nice to hear and it's amazing to think that we're 很高兴听到,想到我们是
here in the middle of all this machinery.What's going to happen? 在这机器的中间.会发生什么?
You're going to have to fill all of this in. 你得把这些都填进去.
What we're doing,obviously, 很明显,我们在做什么,
we're moving some of the rock to take some of the coal out, 我们正在移动一些岩石,把一些煤取出来,
but we've already started back-filling there in the distance. 但我们已经开始在远处填充.
The scheme's going to run for about 21 years in total, 该计划总共将运行约21年,
but that's with complete restoration aftercare. 但这是完全恢复后的护理.
So the site will be grassed over and put back to habitat to 因此,该网站将被复盖并放回栖息地
attract back the wildlife we have round here. 把我们周围的野生动物吸引回来.
Well,as you can see,12 years on and the hole has got even bigger and 正如你所看到的,12年过去了,这个洞变得更大了.
the site that I was sitting on with Kylie,well,that's just disappeared 我和凯莉坐在一起的网站,好吧,那只是消失了
into the void and gone too,unfortunately,are the lapwings. 不幸的是,进入虚空并消失了,是lapwings.
And over the last 25 years,that's one thing I've seen happening over 在过去的25年里,这是我看到的一件事
and over again,so many important wildlife sites just disappearing. 一次又一次,许多重要的野生动物遗址正在消失.
We're losing far too many and we don't value them 我们失去了太多,我们不重视它们
anywhere near enough. 够近的地方.
And the first series I ever did for the BBC,way back in 1998, 我为BBC制作的第一个系列,早在1998年,
when I was still working for the RSPB, 当我还在为RSPB工作的时候,
I was very concerned for an important site for lapwings 我非常关心一个重要的地方
at Ebbw Vale,not too far away from here. 在Ebbw Vale,离这里不远.
This looks like a bit of a waste ground to me.It does,yeah. 这看起来像是一个荒地.me.It 是的,是的.
Well,that's basically exactly what it is. 基本上就是这样.
It's a reclaimed coal tip,is what it is,and it's an ideal lapwing 这是一个再生煤尖,它是什么,它是一个理想的搭接
nesting site area because it's got exactly what lapwings want. 筑巢地点,因为它有正是lapwings想要的.
It's got areas of bare earth,it's got wet areas for the chicks, 它有裸露的土地,有潮湿的地方供雏鸟使用,
it's got cover as well for when the chicks hatch out,they want to 它也有掩护,当雏鸟孵化出来的时候,它们想
feed along these wet areas,a lot of invertebrates, 沿着这些潮湿的地方进食很多无脊椎动物,
but they also want to go into cover. 但他们也想进入掩护.
It's quite well grazed for much of the year. 这是相当不错的放牧了一年的大部分时间.
It's left alone now when they're actually on eggs here. 当它们真的在这里吃鸡蛋的时候,它就没有了.
So it's an idea spot for lapwing. 所以这是一个理想的地方.
Two years ago,there were 55 pairs here, 两年前,这里有55对,
making it the single most important sort of site in the whole of Wales 使它成为整个威尔士最重要的一种网站
for lapwings. 为了lapwings.
The shame of it all is that if we come back next year, 这一切的耻辱是,如果我们明年再来,
all this is going to be under two large factories. 所有这一切都将在两个大型工厂之下.
See any birds? I'm just speechless,really. 看到鸟了吗?我只是说不出话来,真的.
The lapwings,obviously,have long gone. 显然,lapwings早就走了.
Just gulls and crows,that's all I can see here. 只有海鸥和乌鸦,这就是我能看到的.
I am,I'm speechless and I'm absolutely stunned by it. 我是,我说不出话来,我绝对被它惊呆了.
As a site of wildlife value,that's the end of it. 作为一个具有野生动物价值的地方,这就是它的结束.
That is the end of it. 到此为止.
I worked for the RSPB for 15 years and the destruction of this site 我为RSPB工作了15年,并破坏了这个网站
angered me more than any other and still angers me now. 比其他任何人都激怒了我,现在仍然激怒了我.
Just look at it.We're 25 years on,it's been flattened, 看看吧.我们已经25年了,它已经被夷为平地了,
there's an access road,no factories were ever built,so the site 这里有一条通道,没有建过工厂,所以工地
wasn't actually needed and we lost more than 50 pairs of lapwing. 实际上并不需要,我们失去了50多对搭接.
You see that time and time and time again, 你一次又一次地看到,
when a valuable wildlife site is destroyed, 当一个有价值的野生动物遗址被摧毁时,
whether it be for housing or factories,or whatever, 无论是住房还是工厂,还是其他什么,
when there are other less valuable sites available nearby. 当附近有其他价值较低的网站时.
But on a more positive note, 但更积极的是,
what you do find is that land is abandoned for a few months,then it 你所发现的是,土地被遗弃了几个月,那么它
is colonised by wildlife 被野生动物殖民
and one of the best examples I've filmed was at Kinmel in North Wales. 我拍摄的最好的例子之一是在北威尔士的金梅尔.
I went along with bird man Alan Davies 我和鸟人艾伦*戴维斯一起去了
to watch short-eared owls. 看短耳猫头鹰.
Oh,beautiful! That's superb! They're amazing! 哦,真漂亮!太棒了!他们太棒了!
Short-eared owls,these are. 短耳猫头鹰,这些是.
What's the difference between these and long-eared owls,then? 那么,这些猫头鹰和长耳猫头鹰有什么区别呢?
Well,as the name suggests,these have got very small ears. 顾名思义,这些耳朵很小.
You can hardly see the ears at all on these birds. 你几乎看不到这些鸟的耳朵.
On a long-eared owl,you'd see the really prominent long ears,yeah. 在一只长耳猫头鹰上,你会看到非常突出的长耳朵,是的.
They're very similar.When they fly,you can't see the head pattern, 他们非常相似.当它们飞行时,你看不到头部图案,
you have to have a close look at them to check them out. 你必须仔细看看他们才能检查出来.
But what on earth are such fantastic birds doing in a place like this? 但在这样的地方,这些神奇的鸟到底在做什么呢?
I mean,look.Look at all of this rubbish here! 我是说,看.看看这些垃圾!
Basically,it's a dump. 基本上,这是一个垃圾场.
It is,absolutely.We've got a fridge there,a bag over there. 是的,绝对是.我们那里有一个冰箱,那边有一个袋子.
I hate to think what's in that. 我不想去想里面有什么.
We've got an oil can there,we've got rubbish,plastic bottles,cans. 我们有一个油罐,我们有垃圾,塑料瓶,罐头.
But fantastic birds. 但梦幻般的鸟类.
But why? What pulls them in here? Basically,grassland. 但为什么呢?是什么把他们拉进来的?基本上,草原.
This is fantastic habitat for small mammals,voles and mice, 这是小型哺乳动物,田鼠和老鼠的绝佳栖息地,
and of course,that's the perfect diet for an owl. 当然,这是猫头鹰的完美饮食.
One's just gone down over here now.See it? Fantastic. 一个刚下来.看到了吗?太棒了.
Look at the eyes on that.It's looking straight at us. 看你的眼睛that.It正看着我们.
Glorious! Beautiful! Staring yellow eyes.What a bird! 光荣!美丽!盯着黄色的眼睛.真是一只鸟!
Lemon yellow,aren't they? Stunning birds. 柠檬黄,不是吗?令人惊叹的鸟类.
And then,when they fly off then,they're so buoyant. 然后,当他们飞走的时候,他们是如此的浮力.
The wing span...They're all wings,aren't they? 的翼展...它们都是翅膀,不是吗?
Just bouncing wings, 只是弹跳的翅膀,
almost like they're being pulled by a string,the wings just flick. 就像他们被绳子拉着一样,翅膀只是轻弹.
The usual flight of a bird,you get that bendy wing. 一只鸟通常的飞行,你会得到弯曲的翅膀.
The wing stays quite rigid,doesn't it? And it just flicks. 机翼保持相当刚性,不是吗?它只是轻弹.
Absolutely gorgeous birds.They are stunning things. 绝对华丽的鸟.它们是令人惊叹的东西.
And to see those eyes staring at you like that in the afternoon 看到那双眼睛在下午那样盯着你
light,it's wonderful.Fantastic.There's another one...And again, 光,太棒了.太棒了.还有一个...又来了,
yeah.How many have we got here then,Al? 是的.我们有多少人在这里,艾尔?
We've definitely got five individuals we've seen today and I 我们今天见过五个人,我
think that's probably what we've got,five birds, 我想这可能就是我们得到的,五只鸟,
but the nice thing is each one's an individual,isn't it? 但好的是每个人都是个体,不是吗?
We've got the bird over on the left of the field,that beautiful, 我们把鸟放在田野的左边,那美丽的,
gorgeous,tawny buff colour 华丽的,黄褐色的
and the bird we're watching now is very pale,isn't it? 我们现在看的那只鸟很苍白,不是吗?
It is,yeah.It's almost white there. 它是,yeah.It那里几乎是白色的.
Yeah,it is.When it catches the sun like that, 是的,是的.当它像那样抓住太阳的时候,
it's just perfectly white underneath,under the wing. 它的下面,翅膀下面是完全白色的.
A superb spectacle. 一个极好的奇观.
And it's just,like you say,a weird habitat,isn't it? Bizarre. 就像你说的,这是一个奇怪的栖息地,不是吗?奇怪.
That's one of the amazing things,isn't it? 这是令人惊奇的事情之一,不是吗?
How did five short-eared owls find this bit of rough 五只短耳猫头鹰是怎么发现这一点粗糙的?
grassland in the middle of nowhere? It's just,like,bizarre,isn't it? 荒无人烟的草原?这太奇怪了,不是吗?
And it makes you wonder,if you could buy fields 这让你想知道,如果你能买到田地
and just get them like this,what would you get in as well? Exactly. 把他们弄成这样,你也能得到什么?就是!.
Wouldn't it be fantastic to just get a bit of farmland 那岂不是太棒了,只是得到一点农田
and turn it back to rough grassland like this and pasture and who knows? 然后把它变成像这样粗糙的草原和牧场,谁知道呢?
Perhaps there'd be a lot more short-eared owls.It'd be brilliant. 也许会有更多的短耳owls.It我会很聪明的.
Sometimes,you don't need to do a lot to help wildlife. 有时候,你不需要做很多事情来帮助野生动物.
You just need to leave a rough patch of land alone 你只需要单独留下一块粗糙的土地
and let nature take over. 让大自然接管.
And we have got it right on some of our old industrial sites. 我们在一些旧工业用地得到了它.
This is Dare Valley Country Park,near Aberdare. 这是亚伯达尔附近的敢谷郊野公园.
It's been reclaimed from old coal mines 它是从旧煤矿中回收的
and a good range of wild habitats have been created. 并创造了一系列良好的野生栖息地.
In 2016,I filmed kingfishers here. 2016年,我在这里拍摄了翠鸟.
Oh,there he goes! There he goes! There he goes! 哦,他去了!他去了!他去了!
Oh,and back up again! 哦,再回来!
Oh! Wow! 噢!哇塞!
Oh...And off he goes.She,I should say.Wow! 哦..他走了.她,我应该说.哇塞!
I watched that all the way down,into the water and all the way 我一直看着它,一直看着它,一直看着它,一直看着它,一直看着它
back up again and then she's gone off around the corner over there. 再回来,然后她就在那边的拐角处走了.
I say she because I could see a little 我说她是因为我能看到一点
bit of orange at the base of the bill here. 账单底部有点橙色.
A beautiful,beautiful bird. 一只美丽的鸟.
And the amazing thing is,they've got this wonderful orange 令人惊奇的是,他们有一个很棒的橙色
breast and then blue,bright blue back. 乳房,然后蓝色,明亮的蓝色背部.
But in the middle of the back then,they've got this line of the 但在后面的中间,他们有这条线.
brightest blue in the whole of the animal kingdom,I would say anyway. 无论如何,我会说整个动物王国中最亮的蓝色.
We're not in a tropical rainforest,we're not in the Amazon here. 我们不是在热带雨林,我们不是在亚马逊这里.
We're in a country park near Aberdare 我们在亚伯达附近的一个郊野公园里
and there's a kingfisher here.It's absolutely brilliant! 还有一只翠鸟here.It真是太棒了!
That was one of the positive wildlife stories and it just goes to 这是一个积极的野生动物故事,它只是去
show,doesn't it,that if you create the habitat,the wildlife will come. 如果你创造了栖息地,野生动物就会来.
I'll have some more wildlife highlights from the archives 我会从档案中得到更多的野生动物精华
for you in the next programme,but in the meantime, 在下一个节目中给你,但同时,
here's another little gem to keep you going. 这是另一颗小宝石让你继续前进.
It's that time of the year now when everything and everybody's thinking 现在是一年中所有人都在思考的时候了
about mating and this will be a male,sniffing the ground, 关于交配,这将是一个男性,嗅着地面,
following a female. 跟着一个女人.
And boxing hares,well,everyone thinks that's two males boxing. 拳击野兔,每个人都认为这是两个男性拳击.
It's not,actually. 事实上不是.
It's the female boxing the male,saying, 是女拳打男拳,说,
"Look,I don't really want to mate at the moment. "你看,我现在真的不想交配.
"Get off,go on!" "下车,继续!"
There's one going along the edge of the shore there now too. 现在也有一个沿着海岸边走的.
Is it going to go into the water? 它要下水吗?
Go on! I've never seen a hare so...Go on,in he goes! 走吧!我从没见过野兔这样...走吧,他走了!
A swimming hare! 一只游泳野兔!
Well,well,well! 好吧,好吧,好吧!
There he goes.Jumping across. 他走了.跳过去.
A little bit of a shake now,get all the water off. 现在摇一摇,把所有的水都弄掉.
And there he goes. 他走了.
Wow! 哇塞!
And here's a taste of what I'll be digging up from the archives 这里是我将从档案中挖掘出来的东西的味道
next time.How old are these,then? 下次吧.这几岁了?
I think they're probably,you know,five weeks,five and a half weeks. 我想他们可能是,你知道,五个星期,五个半星期.
And how long have they got in the nest again? 他们又窝了多久了?
Well,if I go any closer,about two seconds! 好吧,如果我再靠近一点,大约两秒钟!
Sitting up on the wall over here now.Look at that. 现在坐在墙上.你看.
See the ears? The tufty ears and the tail. 看到耳朵了吗?耳朵和尾巴.
Almost completely black. 几乎完全是黑色的.
A real joy.A real joy! 一个真正的喜悦.一个真正的快乐!
And here it is,the unexpected visitor. 在这里,意外的访客.
It's a crayfish. 是小龙虾
It's kind of a freshwater lobster,really. 这是一种淡水龙虾,真的.
Unfortunately,it's not our native one. 不幸的是,这不是我们的土生土长的.
This is the American signal crayfish. 这是美国信号小龙虾.
I've been very lucky to have filmed some fantastic wildlife 我很幸运能拍到一些奇妙的野生动物
for BBC Wales over the last 25 years. 在过去的25年里,BBC威尔士.
Mind you,the weather hasn't always been like this. 请注意,天气并不总是这样.
Now,one bird that likes this kind of habitat,clear fell forest, 现在,一只喜欢这种栖息地的鸟,clear fell forest,
is the great grey shrike. 是伟大的灰色尖叫.
Unfortunately,it arrives here in winter, 不幸的是,它在冬天到达这里,
when the weather can be absolutely dreadful. 当天气绝对可怕的时候.
I went looking for this rare 我去找这种罕见的
and elusive bird in the Brecon Beacons in the middle of a blizzard 和难以捉摸的鸟在布雷肯灯塔在暴风雪中
and eventually found it on its favourite perch. 最终在它最喜欢的栖木上找到了它.
What it's doing is it's using that as a kind of lookout post. 它所做的就是把它当作一个瞭望站.
It's got several of them here, 这里有好几个,
but this one appears to be its favoured one. 但这个似乎是它最喜欢的.
And it's looking down for prey.And at this time of year, 它在寻找猎物.每年的这个时候,
prey for it would be probably mice and voles.And at a time 它的猎物可能是老鼠和田鼠.而在一次
when there's plenty of food, 当食物充足的时候,
what it'll do is it'll find a hawthorn bush or a barbed wire fence 它会找到一个山楂树或铁丝网
and it'll put mice and voles and large insects on the spines 它会把老鼠、田鼠和大昆虫放在刺上
and keep them there for when he's hungry and he can't find food. 当他饿了找不到食物的时候,把它们放在那里.
And that's the reason why another name for this is the butcher bird. 这就是为什么另一个名字是屠夫鸟的原因.
Absolutely pouring it down. 绝对是倾盆大雨.
Typical Scottish and Welsh weather, 典型的苏格兰和威尔士天气,
so we're using this as a lens guard for Lynfa to get the shot. 所以我们用这个作为林法的镜头保护.
We were caught out by that rain.We really were. 我们被那场雨困住了.我们真的是.
We were trying to film fantastic birds called 我们试图拍摄神奇的鸟叫
the black-throated diver,beautiful things. 黑喉潜水员,美丽的东西.
There was a pair with two young chicks on an isolated loch 有一对与两个年轻的雏鸟在一个孤立的湖
in the north of Scotland. 在苏格兰北部.
Now,this is a very scarce breeder. 现在,这是一个非常稀缺的饲养员.
They're found only in the north and west of Scotland. 它们只在苏格兰的北部和西部被发现.
Unfortunately,they don't breed here,in Wales. 不幸的是,他们不在这里繁殖,在威尔士.
Now,one of my favourite moments from the archive 现在,我最喜欢的档案时刻之一
was when I went up to film honey buzzards 是我去拍蜂蜜秃鹰的时候
in a conifer plantation like this up in North Wales. 在北威尔士这样的针叶树种植园里.
Honey buzzards are extremely rare, 蜂蜜秃鹰是非常罕见的,
fewer than eight or nine pairs in the whole of Wales these days. 现在整个威尔士都不到八九对.
And we were going with expert Steve Roberts. 我们和专家史蒂夫*罗伯茨一起去.
Steve wouldn't usually visit a nest during heavy rain, 在大雨期间,史蒂夫通常不会去巢穴,
but there'd been some forestry operations that day 但那天发生了一些林业活动
and he was concerned about the health of the chicks. 他关心雏鸟的健康.
Steve Roberts monitors all kinds of hawks and one, 史蒂夫*罗伯茨监视着各种各样的鹰派和一只鹰派,
the honey buzzard,is a very rare summer visitor to Wales 蜂蜜秃鹰,是一个非常罕见的夏季游客到威尔士
and the location of their nesting sites are a closely guarded secret. 它们筑巢地点的位置是一个严密保密的秘密.
Sworn to secrecy,Steve took us to one of the sites and agreed to take 发誓保密,史蒂夫带我们去了其中一个地点,并同意采取
with him a special camera to relay pictures to us on the forest floor. 和他一个特殊的相机传递图片给我们在森林的地板上.
It's a bit noisy,this one,Iol.It is a noisy bird,aye. 有点吵,这个,Iol.It 是一只吵闹的鸟,是的.
I think it's a male,is it,flying around above? It's the male,yeah. 我想它是一只雄性,是吗,在上面飞来飞去?是男的,是的.
We've got two big chicks.Oh,cracking stuff! 我们有两个大妞.哦,破东西!
Fantastic! Where's the other chick? 太棒了!另一个小妞呢?
on the nest at the moment. 此刻在巢上.
Oh,the other one's...Oh,right! The other one's hidden behind it. 另一个是...哦,对了!另一个藏在它后面.
They're cracking looking things.The other one is older than this one. 他们在找东西.另一个比这个老.
It's a lovely looking thing.It looks chocolaty brown 这是一个可爱的外观thing.It 看起来巧克力棕色
from down here.Well,it's sort of got a bit of a... 从下面.这有点像...
Yeah,a bit chocolaty and a bit sort of gingery in places. 是啊,有点巧克力和有点姜汁.
Stubby toes as well,compared to other birds of prey. 与其他猛禽相比,粗短的脚趾也是如此.
If you look at the feet... 如果你看脚...
Go on in a bit more.Whoa! 再往前走一点.哇!
They don't want me too close! No. 他们不想让我离得太近!非也..
Mind it doesn't eat you,boy! 小心它不会吃了你,孩子!
Aye! He's ate the camera! 是!他吃了相机!
I can see his belly now.Whoa! 我现在可以看到他的肚子了.哇!
Fantastic! 太棒了!
How old are these,then? 这几岁了?
I think they're probably,you know,five weeks,five and a half weeks. 我想他们可能是,你知道,五个星期,五个半星期.
And how long have they got in the nest again? 他们又窝了多久了?
Well,if I go any closer,about two seconds! 好吧,如果我再靠近一点,大约两秒钟!
No,seriously,they've got 不,说真的,他们有
a very short tarsus 一个很短的tarsus
and sort of shortish claws,compared to a gos,or something like that. 和gos相比,有点短的爪子,或者类似的东西.
It's for digging,you know,and you can see, 这是为了挖掘,你知道,你可以看到,
if I get this bit of wasp nest here... 如果我在这里得到这个黄蜂窝...
Doesn't like you,that one,does he? No. 他不喜欢你,那个,是吗?非也..
There's a...Oh,he's eating a wasp nest. 有一个...他在吃黄蜂窝.
There's a bit of wasp comb here. 这里有一把黄蜂梳子.
They're all empty because at this age, 他们都是空的,因为在这个年龄,
they empty them out pretty quick. 他们很快就把它们清空了.
So,basically,the adults dig out 所以,基本上,成年人会挖出来
the wasp nests...Yeah. 黄蜂筑巢...是的.
..and they bring the comb in ..他们把梳子拿进来
for the chicks...Yeah. 为了雏鸟...是的.
..and the chicks eat the grubs. ..雏鸟吃幼虫.
That's it,they pick the grubs out. 就这样,他们把食物挑出来.
Don't the adults get stung? 大人不被蜇吗?
No,they've got 不,他们有
a very narrow slit for a nostril. 一个很窄的鼻孔缝隙.
Go in a bit because I can't see that. 进去一点,因为我看不见.
A little bit...Oh,I can see you.Yeah.I can see that. 一点点...我能看见你.是的.我看得出来.
A very narrow slit,which is peculiar to honey buzzards. 一个非常狭窄的狭缝,这是蜂蜜秃鹰特有的.
Wasps can't get in there.Right.And if you... 黄蜂进不去.对.如果你...
Perhaps it's a little bit easier to see on the bird at the back. 也许在后面的鸟上更容易看到.
But they've got very,very dense 但它们的密度非常非常大
feathers around the eyes 眼睛周围的羽毛
and on the head,which prevents wasps from stinging the skin 和头部,防止黄蜂刺痛皮肤
that's normally around the eye 通常是在眼睛周围
and the front half of the face 脸的前半部分
on most raptors.Do we know how many 在大多数raptors.Do 我们知道有多少人
pairs we've got in Wales? 我们在威尔士有一对?
I can't tell,I'd have to kill you! 我说不准,我得杀了你!
It's that secret,is it? 这就是秘密,对吧?
It's so secret,nobody's told me! 这太秘密了,没人告诉我!
We've got a few! 我们有几个!
That was a real privilege,being able to see into that nest, 这是一个真正的特权,能够看到那个巢穴,
and those two chicks,they were looking very healthy then. 那两只雏鸟,那时看起来很健康.
I'm very glad to say that both of them fledged successfully. 我很高兴地说,他们都成功了.
Now,one of the huge success stories in Wales over the last 25 years 现在,威尔士过去25年的巨大成功故事之一
has been the resurgence of red squirrels on Anglesey. 红松鼠在安格尔西岛上复活了.
And that is thanks to the Red Squirrel Project, 这要归功于红松鼠计划,
let by Dr Craig Shuttleworth. 让克雷格*沙特尔沃斯博士来吧.
When I met up with Craig,back in the year 2000,he was in a wood on 当我遇见了克雷格,早在2000年,他是在一个树林里
the island,trapping grey squirrels,so that the reds could flourish. 岛上,诱捕灰松鼠,让红色可以蓬勃发展.
During the past two and a half years, 在过去的两年半里,
Craig has caught over 3,000 squirrels in Anglesey alone. 仅在安格尔西,克雷格就捕获了3000多只松鼠.
Craig and his colleagues at the Anglesey Red Squirrel Project 克雷格和他的同事在安格尔西红松鼠项目
have been so successful in trapping the grey squirrels 成功地诱捕了灰松鼠
that they are now absent from many of Anglesey's woodlands. 他们现在不在安格尔西的许多林地.
Craig traps continually to check for greys and to keep records of reds. 克雷格陷阱不断检查灰色和保持红人的记录.
Ah,we could have one here.Oh,cracking stuff! 我们可以在这里买一个.哦,破东西!
Excellent.Let's have a look.The door's up. 善乎哉!.让我们看看.门开了.
Yes,definitely. 是的,当然可以.
So,what I'll do now 那么,我现在要做的是
is take him out and measure him. 把他拿出来测量一下.
I suppose getting them out is the difficult bit,is it? 我想把他们弄出来是件困难的事,对吧?
There's just a bit of a trick to it. 这只是个小把戏.
Usually,they come out straight away, 通常,他们会马上出来,
but sometimes,they're just a wee bit unsure.But what I'll do is 但有时,他们只是有点不确定.但我要做的是
I'll take him out and then I'll run him into a handling cone. 我会带他出去,然后把他送进一个处理锥.
Oh! That's him! There we go. 噢!就是他!好了.
Flying in there. 飞进去.
Ah,right.And you put him in there,so you can get hold of them and... 啊,对.你把他放在那里,这样你就能抓住他们...
You'll notice I don't use gloves cos they're quite fragile little things. 你会注意到我不使用手套,因为它们是很脆弱的小东西.
Wow! You wouldn't want to give them a squeeze. 哇塞! 你不会想挤他们的.
I'll just hold him in position. 我就让他就位.
Or her. 或者她.
Right.And that doesn't harm them at all? No,you can see... 对.这对他们一点都不伤害?不,你看得出来...
Got enough room in there...it's OK.And it's breeding. 有足够的空间there...it没关系.它在繁殖.
You can see the teats.It's got young.Right. 你可以看到teats.It年轻了.对.
Somewhere near here,there'll be a nest of young. 在这附近的某个地方,会有一个小窝.
What I've done is I've marked them all,all the adults, 我所做的是我把他们都标记了,所有的成年人,
with a tattoo on the ear. 耳朵上有纹身.
So we can have a look and 这样我们就可以看看
we can see who this is. 我们可以看到这是谁.
And that is A18. 那就是A18.
So,female,A18. 那么,女,A18.
Yeah.This animal was caught 是的.这只动物被抓住了
at the end of last year,it was an adult last year. 去年年底,它是去年的成年人.
One thing which strikes me immediately is how small it is, 有一件事让我立刻感到震惊,那就是它有多小,
compared to a grey.Very much smaller.The grey's 与灰色相比.小得多.灰色的
quite a bit bigger,isn't it? Yeah.They've got quite short shins, 大了点,不是吗?是的.他们的小腿很短,
but big feet and a big tail. 但是大脚和大尾巴.
To get an idea of the size of the animal, 了解动物的大小,
I measure the length from 我测量长度从
its knee to its heel. 它的膝盖到脚跟.
OK.And in this case,that's 73mm. 好的.在这种情况下,这是73毫米.
It's quite big.This is one of 它很大.这是一个
the biggest females in this wood. 这片树林里最大的雌性.
So,then,I'll get a weight. 那么,我要减肥.
And that's 360g. 这是360克.
Cos a weight on its own doesn't really tell you much,unless 因为体重本身并不能告诉你太多,除非
you know the size of the animal, 你知道动物的大小,
so we can do like a calculation like you do for human beings. 所以我们可以像你对人类所做的那样做一个计算.
Weight per height.You can work out the condition of the animal. 每个高度的重量.你可以计算出动物的状况.
So that's why you weigh and measure,to see whether 所以这就是为什么你称重和测量,看看是否
they're in good condition.Yeah. 他们状况很好.是的.
And we know that she's suckling young. 我们知道她在哺乳.
Yeah.So that would just... Yeah.So 那就对了...
I'd just score right down that 我只要把它记下来就行了
this is a female who's lactating. 这是一个正在哺乳的女性.
OK,lactating female. 好的,哺乳期的女性.
And they can have anything from 他们可以从
sort of one to six babies at a time. 一次有一到六个婴儿.
And some of the animals will breed twice in a year, 有些动物一年内会繁殖两次,
but most of them will only do it once.And this is quite typical, 但他们中的大多数只会做一次.这是很典型的,
to have a female breeding at this time of year. 每年的这个时候有一只雌性繁殖.
Sometimes,you find litters as late as maybe October, 有时候,你发现垃圾最晚可能是十月,
but after that,very rare. 但在那之后,非常罕见.
They don't breed through the winter. 它们不会在冬天繁殖.
Do you know,from all this work now,Craig,how many you've got 你知道吗,从现在的工作中,克雷格,你有多少人
in the wood? Yeah,we think there's between 在树林里?是的,我们认为两者之间有
65 and 70 adults,and we're hoping 65和70个成年人,我们希望
that this year,the population with 今年,人口与
the young will go up to maybe 120. 年轻人可能会升到120岁.
And this is the only place now in the whole of Anglesey 这是整个安格尔西唯一的地方
that you've got them? Yeah,this is it. 你拿到了吗?是的,就这样.
We've had a few sightings of animals that have possibly come 我们看到过一些可能来过的动物
out of here and they've come into some of the adjacent woodlands, 离开这里,他们进入了一些邻近的林地,
but apart from that,you won't find red squirrels 但除此之外,你不会找到红松鼠
anywhere else on the island.And these are doing well,basically, 岛上的其他地方.基本上,这些都做得很好,
because you've got no greys left now.If we hadn't come in 因为你现在已经没有灰了.如果我们没有进来
and removed the greys,there'd be no red squirrels left here this year. 除去灰熊,今年就不会有红松鼠留在这里了.
It's a shame because they are fantastic, 这是一个耻辱,因为他们是太棒了,
and I have to say this is a real red-letter day for me because 我不得不说,这对我来说是一个真正的红字日,因为
this is the first live red squirrel I've seen in Wales since May,1985. 这是自1985年5月以来我在威尔士看到的第一只活的红松鼠.
Great,aren't they? Fantastic.They're lovely little things. 很好,不是吗?太棒了.它们是可爱的小东西.
Right,I think you'd better let her go.Yeah.She's got young 对,我想你最好让她走.是的.她很年轻
somewhere nearby. 附近的某个地方.
OK.There she goes,look.Off she goes. 好的.她走了,看.她走了.
She's not a happy little girl,either,is she? They always do that. 她也不是一个快乐的小女孩,对吧?他们总是这样做.
They always start squeaking after you let them go. 他们总是在你放他们走后开始吱吱作响.
I've even had them come back down the tree to give you a going! 我甚至让他们从树下回来给你一个机会!
They are fantastic animals,aren't they,red squirrels? I do like them! 它们是奇妙的动物,不是吗,红松鼠?我喜欢他们!
And the Red Squirrel Project has been so successful 红松鼠计划非常成功
that red squirrels are now actually turning up 那只红松鼠现在真的出现了
across the Menai Straits on the mainland of Gwynedd. 横跨格温内德大陆的梅奈海峡.
Now,you consider that when we filmed that in the year 2000, 现在,你想想我们在2000年拍摄的时候,
there were thought to be fewer than 70 red squirrels 据说只有不到70只红松鼠
on the whole of the island. 在整个岛上.
The population now is around 700. 现在的人口约为700人.
In fact,they've been so successful,they're starting to turn up 事实上,他们已经很成功了,他们开始出现了
on housing estates and in people's gardens,as we found out a couple 在屋苑和人们的花园里,我们发现了一对夫妇
of years ago,when we went to film in Llangefni for a series called 几年前,当我们去兰格夫尼拍摄一部名为"
½Street Life. 半街生活.
Look at this. 看看这个.
This is a particularly dark individual 这是一个特别黑暗的个体
that's absolutely stunning. 这绝对是惊人的.
The tail is almost completely black. 尾巴几乎完全是黑色的.
I just think that's brilliant.I really do. 我只是觉得这太棒了.我真的喜欢.
I think they're fantastic animals. 我认为他们是神奇的动物.
Sitting up on the wall over here now.Look at that. 现在坐在墙上.你看.
See the ears? The tufty ears and the tail,almost completely black. 看到耳朵了吗?Tufty耳朵和尾巴,几乎完全是黑色的.
And off it goes.And people here say that they see them 然后就走了.这里的人说他们看到他们
going underneath the cars,they see them 在车底下,他们看到他们
playing in the plant pots. 在花盆里玩耍.
You know,it's a real joy.A real joy. 你知道,这是一个真正的快乐.一个真正的喜悦.
Another native species that's suffering 另一个正在受苦的本土物种
because of introduced alien invaders 因为引进外来入侵者
is the white-clawed crayfish, 白爪小龙虾,
which is usually found in 通常在
clean rivers,underneath rocks, 干净的河流,岩石下面,
in places like this. 在这样的地方.
It's a crustacean, 是甲壳类动物,
it's a cousin of the lobster, 这是龙虾的表亲,
but it's now so scarce, 但现在如此稀少,
it's very,very difficult to find. 很难找到.
But in 2001,I went to a river near Brecon with Catherine Grinstead, 但是在2001年,我和凯瑟琳*格林斯特德一起去了布雷肯附近的一条河,
who's trapping them as part of a study. 是谁把他们困在研究的一部分.
Big trap,isn't it? Plastic trap. 大陷阱,不是吗?塑料陷阱.
Yeah,they're quite bright and easy to spot. 是的,它们很明亮,很容易被发现.
Sometimes,you need to hide them quite well, 有时候,你需要很好地隐藏它们,
so they're not too easily spotted. 所以他们不太容易被发现.
Looks like it's been made out of a bread basket. 看起来是用面包篮做的.
One of those you get in the supermarket. 你在超市里买到的一个.
Have you got anything in it? 你有什么东西吗?
I don't know.Let's have a look now. 不知道现在让我们看看.
Oh,yeah.I can see a claw,so it looks like there is something. 哦,是的.我能看到一只爪子,所以看起来好像有什么东西.
Ah,nice one.OK.I'll open it up now. 啊,不错.好的.我现在就把它打开.
And they get in through the funnel,do they,and then 他们从漏斗进去,做了,然后
they can't get back out again? Yeah,it's like a lobster pot. 他们不能再出去了?是啊,就像龙虾锅.
They get in through there,and then,they can't get back out. 他们从那里进去,然后就回不去了.
This is quite exciting for me cos I've never seen the native one. 这对我来说很令人兴奋,因为我从未见过原生的.
It's called the white-clawed crayfish,is it? 它叫白爪小龙虾,是吗?
It's called the white-clawed crayfish. 它叫白爪小龙虾.
They tend to be a sort of milky white underneath. 他们往往是一种乳白色的下面.
That's a massive one,isn't it? 这是一个巨大的,不是吗?
Can I grab hold of him? I'll watch that claw...Yeah,he'll nip you. 我能抓住他吗? 我会看着那只爪子的...是的,他会咬你的.
He's only got the one! He's lost a claw,yeah.Why would that be? 他只有一个!他失去了一只爪子,是的.为什么会这样?
Fighting? I would have thought so. 战斗?我会这么想的.
At this time of year,they mate 每年的这个时候,它们交配
and they will fight for the females. 他们会为女性而战.
So it's quite possible he's lost that in battle. 所以他很可能在战斗中输掉了.
Is this about as big as they get? 这和他们得到的一样大吗?
Cos that is quite a chunky thing,isn't it? 因为这是一件很笨重的事情,不是吗?
That is as big as they get,yeah. 这是他们得到的最大的,是的.
Why are they so rare,then? Well,partly because of 那么,为什么它们如此罕见呢?部分原因是
the introduced crayfish.With them came crayfish plague, 引进的小龙虾.随之而来的是小龙虾瘟疫,
which is a fungal disease.And sadly, 这是一种真菌病.可悲的是,
it doesn't really affect the North American signal crayfish 它并没有真正影响北美信号小龙虾
in particular,but it does affect our native crayfish 特别是,但它确实影响了我们的本土小龙虾
and kills off large amounts of 杀死大量的
the native population. 土着人口.
Habitat loss is another possible 栖息地丧失是另一种可能
reason.You say habitat loss. 理性.你说栖息地丧失.
What do you mean by that? 你这话是什么意思?
Well,there are less trees and what have you lining our rivers 好吧,树木少了,你在我们的河流里排了什么?
these days and they like that sort of habitat,the tree roots. 这些天,他们喜欢那种栖息地,树根.
Sheep dip might be a reason for 羊浸可能是一个原因.
their decline,especially these new 他们的衰落,特别是这些新的
synthetic pyrethroid dips. 合成拟除虫菊酯骤降.
They're much better for 它们更适合
the farmers' health,but not so good 农民的健康,但不是那么好
for our invertebrate populations,unfortunately,so we need to be 不幸的是,对于我们的无脊椎动物来说,我们需要
very careful where we,you know,ask farmers to dispose of dips 非常小心,我们,你知道,要求农民处理逢低
and that kind of thing. 还有诸如此类的事情.
We're in the winter now. 我们现在在冬天.
What will these things do then? 那么这些东西会做什么呢?
Do they become torpid,or are they active throughout? 他们是变得迟钝,还是一直活跃?
They don't hibernate,as such, 他们不冬眠,因此,
but they mate at this time of year and the females will carry the eggs 但它们在每年的这个时候交配,雌性会带着卵
underneath their tail and 在它们的尾巴下面,
she'll hide deeper down, 她会躲得更深,
so they'll become less active as the 所以他们会变得不那么活跃.
weather gets colder,in particular. 特别是天气变冷了.
And they will carry these eggs right through the winter,will they? 他们会带着这些鸡蛋过冬,对吧?
They'll carry them right through the winter,until the late spring, 他们会一直带着它们度过冬天,直到春末,
early summer,and the eggs will hatch and they'll carry on holding 初夏,蛋会孵化,它们会继续抱着
these very young crayfish underneath them for another few weeks. 这些非常年轻的小龙虾在它们下面又呆了几个星期.
And eventually,they'll release them in the early summer. 最终,他们会在初夏释放它们.
Unfortunately,the white-clawed crayfish has continued to decline 不幸的是,白爪小龙虾继续下降
and it's now so rare that it's found in literally just 现在它是如此罕见,以至于它在字面上被发现.
a handful of sites right across Wales. 威尔士各地的一些遗址.
And I found the main culprit for that decline 我找到了导致衰退的罪魁祸首
when I went river dipping here in this very river, 当我去河里浸在这条河里的时候,
a tributary of the River Severn,over 20 years ago now, 塞文河的一条支流,20多年前,
when I was wearing far more appropriate clothing. 当我穿着更合适的衣服的时候.
Ah! 啊!
And here it is. 它在这儿.
The unexpected visitor. 意外的访客.
It's a crayfish.It's kind of 这是一个crayfish.It有点像
a freshwater lobster,really. 一只淡水龙虾,真的.
Unfortunately,it's not our native one. 不幸的是,这不是我们的土生土长的.
This is the American signal crayfish. 这是美国信号小龙虾.
It's an introduced species. 这是一个引进的物种.
It was brought in some years ago to be farmed, 它是几年前带进来养殖的,
because they were eaten as a kind of delicacy. 因为它们是作为一种美味而被吃掉的.
And that's escaped into the wild. 那已经逃到野外了.
The bad news is that it brought with it a fungus and that fungus kills 坏消息是它带来了一种真菌,真菌杀死了它
our native species,and that's now disappearing,along with 我们的本土物种,现在正在消失,
other reasons like pollution as well.And what's interesting 其他原因,如污染以及.有趣的是
with this one is that it's completely soft. 有了这个,它是完全柔软的.
It's usually very hard,but this individual is quite soft 它通常很硬,但这个人很软
at the moment cos it's just lost 现在因为它只是丢失了
its carapace,or its skin. 它的甲壳,或者它的皮肤.
This will harden now over the next day or so, 这将在接下来的一天左右变硬,
then he can go off and hunt again. 然后他就可以再去打猎了.
But evil-looking claws here. 但是这里有邪恶的爪子.
Look at those.And this is probably 看看那些.这可能是
the biggest,baddest one 最大的,最坏的
in this part of the river. 在这段河里.
And baddest is right because in this river,those crayfish have 最坏的是对的,因为在这条河里,那些小龙虾有
increased beyond and they're killing a lot of our native wildlife here. 越来越多,他们在这里杀死了很多我们的本土野生动物.
But despite that, 但尽管如此,
there's still plenty of species to be seen on our rivers. 我们的河流上还有很多物种可以看到.
And one very fascinating, 还有一个非常迷人的,
but incredibly rare one,is the freshwater pearl mussel, 但非常罕见的是淡水珍珠蚌,
which is now confined to just our cleanest rivers. 现在只局限于我们最干净的河流.
But I was lucky enough to be shown some 但我很幸运能看到一些
when I went out to a secret location in Clwyd with biologist Sarah Bird. 当我和生物学家莎拉*伯德一起去Clwyd的一个秘密地点时.
So,these,then 那么,这些
are freshwater pearl mussels. 是淡水珍珠贻贝.
That's right,yeah.That's amazing! 没错,是的.太神奇了!
Are they rare? 它们很少见吗?
They're very rare,yes.Only a few in a few Welsh rivers these days. 他们是非常罕见的,是的.现在威尔士几条河里只有少数几条.
The one on the left there,we've got 左边的那个,我们有
one there that's quite big. 一个很大的.
How old would that be? We think probably 那会是几岁?我们认为可能
over 80 years old.The maximum age 超过80岁.最大年龄
is about 120 years.That must be 大约是120年.那一定是
the oldest thing in the whole river, 整个河里最古老的东西,
then.I think so,yes.How do they 然后.我想是的,是的.他们如何
breathe? Do they just release things into the water? 呼吸?他们只是把东西放到水里吗?
Complicated life cycle,these animals have. 复杂的生命周期,这些动物有.
There are male and female mussels. 有男性和女性贻贝.
The males release sperm into the water to fertilise the females 雄性将精子释放到水中使雌性受精
and then the female releases larval mussels,tiny larval mussels, 然后雌鱼释放幼虫贻贝,微小的幼虫贻贝,
into the water.These are called glochidia. 入水中.这些被称为glochidia.
And they attach themselves to the gills of young salmon and trout. 它们依附在幼鲑鱼和鳟鱼的鳃上.
And they grow in the gills for about eight months, 它们在鳃中生长了大约八个月,
and then they drop off into the sandy areas,where they grow on, 然后它们落到沙地里,在那里它们生长,
and they start breeding at about 12 years old,we think. 我们认为,它们在12岁左右开始繁殖.
You say it's called a freshwater pearl mussel. 你说它叫淡水珍珠蚌.
That must mean that some of them have got pearls inside,have they? 这一定意味着他们中的一些人里面有珍珠,对吧?
Yeah,very,very few.Perhaps one in 100 has a pearl. 是啊,很少.也许每100人中就有一颗有珍珠.
But this isn't the sort of white glossy pearl that we all recognise. 但这不是我们都能认出的那种白色光泽的珍珠.
This is probably grey or black.Not particularly an attractive pearl. 这可能是灰色或黑色.不是特别有吸引力的珍珠.
I'm afraid it's all bad news for the freshwater pearl mussels. 恐怕这对淡水珍珠贻贝来说都是个坏消息.
They simply cannot reproduce in our rivers 它们根本无法在我们的河流中繁殖
because they're far too polluted,and the experts believe 因为它们污染太严重,专家们认为
that in another 25 years or so,they'll almost certainly be extinct. 再过25年左右,它们几乎肯定会灭绝.
But it's better news for a rare amphibian called 但对于一种罕见的两栖动物来说,这是个更好的消息.
the natterjack toad. 纳特杰克蟾蜍.
I'm in the dunes at Gronant,up in North East Wales, 我在威尔士东北部的格罗南特的沙丘上,
and the toad used to be quite widespread 蟾蜍曾经很普遍
all along the dune systems along the coast here, 沿着海岸的沙丘系统,
but by the 1960s,they'd become extinct. 但到了20世纪60年代,它们已经灭绝了.
Then,in 1998, 然后,在1998年,
they were reintroduced to the dunes at Talacre,near the Point of Ayr. 他们被重新引入到靠近艾尔点的Talacre的沙丘.
I went along to meet Mathew Ellis,a member of that original team,who'd 我去见了马修*埃利斯,他是那个原始团队的一员.
just been digging out shallow pools to encourage the toads to breed. 只是挖出浅水池来鼓励蟾蜍繁殖.
This is an aerial shot of the site at Talacre, 这是塔拉克雷现场的空中拍摄,
with its landmark lighthouse. 它的标志性灯塔.
The best time to see breeding 看繁殖的最佳时间
natterjack toads is at night,and that's when natterjack蟾蜍是在晚上,这就是当
I went out with Mathew and my film crew. 我和马修和我的摄制组出去了.
Why do they come in here? 他们为什么来这里?
They're coming in here to breed. 他们是来这里繁殖的.
The males and females 男性和女性
come together to lay their eggs. 一起来产卵.
But I thought they'd already done that, 但我以为他们已经这么做了,
cos we had a pond back there 因为我们后面有个池塘
with tadpoles all over it.Why are these still here now? 到处都是蝌蚪.为什么这些还在这里?
This particular species 这种特殊的物种
has a much longer breeding season 繁殖季节更长
than the other species of amphibian. 比其他种类的两栖动物.
They start breeding in end of March, 它们在三月底开始繁殖,
April,and continue to June.I think each 四月,并继续到六月.我想每个
female will lay something like 女性会躺在像
8,000 eggs.8,000 eggs a year? Yes. 8000个鸡蛋.一年8000个鸡蛋?是的.
But of those,I suppose, 但我想是其中之一,
a handful survive.That's right. 少数生存.没错.
So,basically,then,Math, 所以,基本上,数学,
a day in the life of a natterjack 纳特杰克生活中的一天
toad here is,you wake up at night, 蟾蜍在这里,你在晚上醒来,
come out of your little den,come into the water, 从你的小窝里出来,到水里来,
a bit of how's your father, 你父亲怎么样了,
go in the vegetation,feed, 进入植被,喂食,
and head back into your den. 回到你的窝里去.
That's right. 没错.
It's a nice life,isn't it? 这是一个美好的生活,不是吗?
I'm not going to see one now,no matter how much I look, 我现在不会看到一个,不管我看起来多,
because they are very,very nocturnal, 因为它们非常非常夜间活动,
but what's nice is to see that they've dug out these new 但很高兴看到他们已经挖出了这些新的
shallow ponds throughout the dunes, 沙丘上的浅水塘,
and it means that the toads have spread.And in fact, 这意味着蟾蜍已经扩散了.而事实上,
at Talacre,they're doing so well now,they're using it 在Talacre,他们现在做得很好,他们正在使用它
as a donor site for other sites all along the North Wales coast. 作为北威尔士海岸其他遗址的捐赠地.
Now,over the other side of these dunes here is a shingle beach 现在,在这些沙丘的另一边是一个卵石海滩
and every summer,you find some rare sea birds there. 每年夏天,你都会在那里找到一些稀有的海鸟.
I went there with my crew at the time - 我当时和我的船员一起去了那里 -
Lynfa on camera and Cheryl on sound - 林法在相机和谢丽尔在声音 -
to meet ornithologist Gareth Stamp,who was monitoring the nests. 去见鸟类学家加雷斯*斯坦普,他正在监视巢穴.
Gronant is unique because it supports Wales' Gronant是独一无二的,因为它支持威尔士的
only remaining colony of breeding little terns. 只剩下繁殖的小燕鸥群.
Little terms are dainty little sea birds. 小小的术语是精致的小海鸟.
They spend the winter at sea, 他们在海上过冬,
off the West African coast,feeding 在西非海岸外,喂食
on fish.Each spring,they migrate 在鱼上.每年春天,它们都会迁徙
to the same beach near Prestatyn 到Prestatyn附近的同一个海滩
to nest and lay their eggs on the shingle. 在卵石上筑巢产卵.
Pretty risky business,with all 风险很大的生意
the potential traffic on the beach. 海滩上的潜在交通.
To get a good shot of the birds near their nests, 拍摄鸟巢附近的鸟,
Lynfa and Cheryl needed to get close. 林法和谢丽尔需要接近.
Hopefully,without scaring them back to Africa. 希望不会把他们吓回非洲.
Are they still there? Yeah. 他们还在吗?是的.
To the left of that one red brick. 在那块红砖的左边.
Yeah,there's a little brick there.What are they doing there now? 是啊,那里有块小砖头.他们现在在那里干什么?
Are they just prospecting for nest sites,or has he just landed because 他们只是在寻找巢穴,还是因为
he's so fat,full of fish,or what? 他太胖了,满是鱼,还是什么?
He's just looking around.He's not...I can't tell because... 他只是四处看看.他不是...我不知道,因为...
Where are you,just at the highest brick? 你在哪里,就在最高的砖头?
Just left of that red brick,yeah. 就在那块红砖的左边.
They're hard to see cos they're 他们很难看到,因为他们是
blending in with the pebbles. 与鹅卵石融为一体.
The terns are well suited for life in the shingle, 燕鸥非常适合在木瓦里生活,
and that makes them even more difficult to film. 这使得他们更难以拍摄.
During courtship,the males try and impress 在求爱期间,雄性会试图给人留下深刻印象
the females by returning with sand eels from their marine jaunts. 雌鱼带着沙鳗从海上游走回来.
At the moment,they're going through that stage 目前,他们正在经历那个阶段
where the males are coming in and offering to the females and 雄鸟进来,向雌鸟献祭.
the females are going,"Nah! That's not good enough." "Go and get me 女性要去,"不!这还不够好.""去找我
"a bigger one!" That's right! "一个更大的!"没错!
Is it right that 这是对的吗?
when they've got their nest, 当他们有了巢穴,
they recognise it by the pattern of 他们通过
pebbles and all that kind of thing? 鹅卵石之类的东西?
Yeah,very much. 是的,非常喜欢.
Some of the nests are far more 有些巢穴要多得多
decorated than others.Some of them,you think, 比别人装饰.其中一些,你认为,
they've put the curtains up 他们把窗帘拉上了
and they've gone the whole hog,you know. 你知道,他们把整个猪都吃光了.
Decorated with little shells.And others are...Plop the eggs.Plonk. 装饰着小贝壳.而其他人则是...扑通鸡蛋.普隆克
That's it! They're not house-proud at all,you know. 就这样!你知道,他们一点也不骄傲.
And that's exactly the kind of nest that I'd build. 这正是我要建造的巢穴.
I'll follow you,I think.You've got the knack. 我想我会跟着你的.你有诀窍.
David Norman has been studying the little terns for over 20 years 大卫*诺曼研究小燕鸥已经有20多年了
and he's back here today to ring this year's batch. 他今天回到这里来敲今年的电话.
How old's this one,then,David? 这个多大了,大卫?
Probably hatched in the last three or four days. 可能是在过去三四天孵化出来的.
Do you see,it's still got this white pip on the edge of the bill? 你看,它还在账单的边缘有这个白色的琵琶吗?
Is that the egg tooth,is it? What they call the egg tooth. 那是蛋牙吗? 他们所说的蛋牙.
Of course,birds haven't got teeth,not internal teeth like we have. 当然,鸟类没有牙齿,而不是像我们一样的内齿.
They use it to 他们用它来
chip their way out of the egg. 从蛋里挖出来.
Two or three days old.Yeah.How far will it have gone in that time? 两三天大.是的.那段时间会走多远?
It won't go very far,will it,from the nest,in a couple of days? 它不会走很远,对吧,从巢里,过几天?
They are quite mobile,you know. 你知道,他们很灵活.
I mean,from the moment they hatch,they've got legs 我是说,从它们孵化的那一刻起,它们就有腿了
almost as big as the adults and they will run around if they have to. 几乎和大人一样大,如果有必要的话,他们会到处跑.
But in general,they stay pretty close to the nest. 但总的来说,它们离巢很近.
Within three weeks of hatching,these youngsters will fly. 在孵化的三个星期内,这些年轻人就会飞起来.
But until then,they'll be very vulnerable to predators, 但在那之前,它们很容易受到掠食者的攻击,
particularly kestrels,like this one, 特别是红隼,就像这只,
which was busy sizing up 正忙着调整规模
the situation while we were filming. 我们拍摄时的情况.
And it's all good news about little terns too,cos thanks to 这也是关于小燕鸥的好消息,因为感谢
Denbighshire County Council and the team, 登比郡议会及小组,
this is now one of the biggest colonies in the whole of the UK, 这里现在是整个英国最大的殖民地之一,
and a new colony has become established 一个新的殖民地已经建立起来
just about a mile down the coast from here. 离海岸大约一英里远.
I'll be back with more memories from the archives 我会带着更多档案里的回忆回来的
but,in the meantime,I'll leave you with another gem. 但是,在此期间,我会给你留下另一颗宝石.
I had the idea of measuring the speed of a running hare, 我想到了测量一只跑野兔的速度,
so I enlisted the help of a mammal locomotion expert,Sarah Williams. 所以我请了哺乳动物运动专家莎拉*威廉姆斯的帮助.
Now,at the time,I'd lost my voice. 现在,当时,我失去了声音.
Why? Well,it was the day after a Wales rugby weekend in Cardiff. 为啥? 那是威尔士橄榄球周末在加的夫的第二天.
Say no more. 别再说了.
Sarah,I'm intrigued to find out exactly how we're going to do this. 莎拉,我很想知道我们该怎么做.
Well,I've brought along this radar gun,which is 我带了这把雷达枪
a bit like the police use to measure you speeding in your car, 有点像警察用来衡量你在你的车超速,
and we're hoping to use it to measure the speed of the hares. 我们希望用它来测量野兔的速度.
The police use them for cars, 警察把它们用于汽车,
which are big things.Yeah. 这是件大事.是的.
You're hoping to use it for hares, 你希望用它来对付野兔,
which are small things. 这些都是小事.
That's right.Is it going to work? 那是right.Is 行得通吗?
I hope so.It's been used to measure 我希望so.It它被用来测量
the speed of baseballs and things before,but never hares. 以前棒球和东西的速度,但从来没有野兔.
So it's a bit of trial and error.We'll give it a go. 所以这是一个尝试和错误.我们试一试.
Oh,here's another one,going across. 还有一个,穿过去.
Yeah,it's a shame.It's at the wrong angle to the camera. 是的,是一个shame.It和相机的角度不对.
So it has to come straight down towards us. 所以它必须直接向我们走来.
Either straight towards us,or away from us. 要么直接朝我们走,要么远离我们.
But going straight across,it just won't read the speed.Ah,right. 但直接穿过去,它只是不会读取速度.啊,对.
There's one,just... 有一个,只是...
See the fence post there? 看到栅栏柱了吗?
Just to the left of that. 就在左边.
There's one just over there. 那边有一个.
Turns out to be quite tricky to get 结果是相当棘手的
a hare to run in a straight line. 一只野兔直线奔跑.
So,one about maybe 60 metres, 所以,一个大约60米,
see it,just on the furrow there? 看到了吗,就在犁沟上?
Yeah.OK.As they approach,he should come towards us,hopefully. Yeah.OK.As 他们接近,他应该向我们走来,希望.
Here she comes.Here she comes. 她来了她来了
How fast is that? 这有多快?
27.5 mph. 每小时27.5英里.
Oh,wow! And do you know what? 哦,哇!你知道吗?
She's not even going full speed, 她甚至没有全速前进,
nowhere near it,is she? 离它很远,是吗?
Not even trying.And man does,what, 甚至没有尝试.而人呢,什么呢?,
25mph maximum? And the hare's going faster than that.Faster than that. 每小时最多25英里?兔子跑得比那更快.比那还快.
At half pace.Wow! 以半步的速度.哇塞!
And here's a taste of what 这里是什么味道
I'll be digging up next time 下次我会挖出来的
from the archive. 从档案中.
This is actually better than some of the wild kittiwake colonies 这实际上比一些野生的kittiwake殖民地更好
I've seen in parts of Pembrokeshire and Anglesey because there, 我在彭布罗克郡和安格尔西的部分地区见过,因为那里,
they're exposed to some storms and huge waves. 他们暴露在一些风暴和巨浪中.
Ah,that's definitely otter.Is it? Yeah. 啊,那绝对是otter.Is 它?是的.
Oh,yeah,yeah,yeah. 是啊,是啊,是啊.
People say jasmine tea and all this kind of stuff.Yeah. 人们说茉莉花茶之类的东西.是的.
It doesn't smell anything like jasmine tea, 闻起来一点也不像茉莉花茶,
it smells like fish gone off to me! 它闻起来像鱼走了我!
And what the birds are doing is,they're coming down to the ash 鸟儿正在做的是,它们正在落到灰烬中
and they're picking off little bits of moss there 他们在那里捡起一些苔藓
and they're taking that back up then and building the nest. 然后他们把它收回来,建造巢穴.
If I was walking along without this camera,I'd see maybe two, 如果我没有这台相机,我会看到两个,
three,four,half a dozen, 三,四,半打,
but with this,I'm seeing dozens, 但有了这个,我看到了几十个,
literally dozens of bats. 字面上几十只蝙蝠.
I don't suppose you were expecting to see me in somewhere like this 我想你没想到会在这样的地方看到我
for a wildlife programme? 野生动物计划?
But I've been really lucky in that over the last 25 years, 但在过去的25年里,我真的很幸运,
I've been filming wildlife for BBC Wales and actually a lot of it 我一直在为BBC威尔士拍摄野生动物,实际上很多
has been in towns. 一直在城镇里.
Oh,the sky here now, 哦,现在这里的天空,
it's just full of starlings,back and forth,back and forth 它只是充满了椋鸟,来回,来回
and watching them coming in to roost, 看着它们自食其果,
is really hypnotic. 真的很催眠.
Come here,have a bit more,that piece there. 过来,再吃一点,那块.
Come on,don't be shy. 来吧,别害羞.
There's another one. 还有一个.
And another one. 再来一个.
Another one,three badgers. 再来一只,三只獾.
That badger, 那个獾,
how on earth did that badger avoid that car? 那只獾到底是怎么躲开那辆车的?
I do not know.He's probably still alive today. 不知也..他今天可能还活着.
Now I'm in an urban oasis here. 现在我在这里的城市绿洲.
I've got Llandudno Junction behind me. 我身后有兰迪德诺路口.
I've got the busiest road in North Wales, 我有北威尔士最繁忙的公路,
the A55 just in front of me. 就在我面前的A55.
You can't see it,but pretty certain you can hear it. 你看不见,但很肯定你能听到.
And here is this beautiful little wetland area, 这里是这个美丽的小湿地,
and this is quite significant. 这是非常重要的.
Before I became a wildlife presenter I used to work for the RSPB 在我成为野生动物主持人之前,我曾经为RSPB工作
and way back in 1998,I came here with my then colleague, 回到1998年,我和当时的同事来到这里,
Adrian Stratford,to catch and ring lapwing chicks. 阿德里安*斯特拉特福德,去抓和圈雏鸟.
Oh,this one's almost going,look! 这个快走了,看!
OK. 好的.
Come on. 加油!.
He's an old one,this one. 他是个老的,这个.
Look at him,well formed wings. 看看他,形成良好的翅膀.
Literally within days of flying,this one is. 从字面上看,在飞行的几天内,这一个是.
He's got the black tail,still got the buff feathers,but they're 他有黑色的尾巴,还有浅黄色的羽毛,但它们是
almost gone here and a much better formed crest there as well. 这里几乎消失了,那里也形成了一个更好的波峰.
So this one,if we'd come in two days' time, 所以这个,如果我们两天后来的话,
this one would have gone,I think. 我想这个会消失的.
Lucky to catch that one,look at that! 幸运地抓住了那个,看那个!
Just amazing to see how it's changed,isn't it? 看到它的变化真是太神奇了,不是吗?
But it goes to show if the habitat is right,the lapwings will take 但它表明,如果栖息地是正确的,lapwings将采取
advantage of it,no matter where it is. 利用它,无论它在哪里.
But unfortunately now,the habitat has gone and so have the lapwings. 但不幸的是,现在,栖息地已经消失了,lapwings也消失了.
And it's the same story over much of the country these days. 现在这个国家的大部分地区都是这样.
But lapwings,they're not the only unexpected birds 但是,它们并不是唯一意想不到的鸟
I filmed in urban areas. 我在市区拍摄.
Back in 2010, 回到2010年,
I filmed over 100 breeding pairs of kittiwakes on Mumbles Pier, 我在Mumbles码头拍摄了100多对繁殖的小猫,
and that is the best place in the whole of Wales 那是整个威尔士最好的地方
to get close up to these birds. 接近这些鸟.
They're usually really shy birds, 它们通常都是害羞的鸟,
but not Mumbles Pier kittiwakes,obviously. 但显然不是Mumbles Pier kittiwakes.
And if you look at it from the bird's point of view, 如果你从鸟的角度来看它,
this is a sea cliff. 这是一个海崖.
It's isolated. 它是孤立的.
It's safe. 很安全.
The seas around here are full of fish. 这附近的海洋里到处都是鱼.
They can gather their nesting material from the sea, 它们可以从海里收集筑巢材料,
usually seaweed,although one or two of these have been inland, 通常是海藻,虽然其中一两个已经在内陆,
because I can see moss on some of the nests. 因为我能在一些巢上看到苔藓.
And do you know what? 你知道吗?
If anything,this is actually better than some of the wild kittiwake 如果有的话,这实际上比一些野生的kittiwake更好
colonies I've seen in parts of Pembrokeshire and Anglesey, 我在彭布罗克郡和安格尔西的部分地区看到过殖民地,
because there,they're exposed to some storms and huge waves. 因为在那里,他们暴露在一些风暴和巨浪中.
Here,you're in Swansea Bay,so you're perfectly safe. 这里,你在斯旺西湾,所以你很安全.
And what a backdrop! 什么背景!
Look at that,city of Swansea over there. 你看,那边的斯旺西市.
If I was a kittiwake,this is where I'd come to nest,I think. 如果我是一个小猫,我想这是我来巢的地方.
Kittiwakes first nested here nearly 20 years ago. 基蒂沃克斯在近20年前第一次在这里嵌套.
They've gradually learned that this is a safe spot. 他们逐渐认识到这是一个安全的地方.
Generations of chicks have returned each year as adults, 一代又一代的雏鸟成年后每年都回来了,
increasing the population that nest here. 增加在这里筑巢的人口.
They get their name,kittiwake from the constant "kittiwake,kittiwake" 他们得到他们的名字,kittiwake从常数"kittiwake,kittiwake"
call they make. 打电话给他们.
Over winter,they'll stay out at sea. 冬天,他们会呆在海上.
But during the spring,they arrive to build their nests 但在春天,它们会来筑巢
and use all sorts of material. 并使用各种材料.
They'll only stop building once the chicks have hatched, 它们只有在雏鸟孵化后才会停止建造,
presumably because with the arrival of hungry youngsters, 大概是因为饥饿的年轻人的到来,
they'll have little time to keep up with the nest work. 他们几乎没有时间跟上巢穴的工作.
The male constantly feeds the females to get them 雄鱼不断地喂雌鱼来获取它们
in good condition to lay. 在良好的条件奠定.
And she'll usually lay two eggs. 她通常会下两个蛋.
Compared to sea cliffs, 与海崖比较,
the pier offers added protection as the hustle and bustle of visitors 码头为游客的喧嚣提供了额外的保护
keeps predators such as foxes away. 让狐狸等捕食者远离.
And with many people around,those who would do them harm 周围有很多人,那些会伤害他们的人
are less likely to disturb them. 不太可能打扰他们.
Gulls also nest on roofs. 海鸥也在屋顶上筑巢.
Now I'm in the riverside area of Cardiff and a survey of the city 现在我在加的夫的河边地区和城市的调查
carried out five years ago in 2017 showed that there were around 3,000 五年前在2017年进行的调查显示,大约有3,000人
nesting pairs of gulls,a mix of lesser black back 筑巢对海鸥,小黑背的混合
and herring gulls. 还有鲱鱼海鸥.
I came here 12 years ago on refuse collection Day, 我12年前在垃圾收集日来到这里,
just like today. 就像今天一样.
And back then,there were gulls lining the roofs,just waiting 那时,屋顶上有海鸥在等着
for an opportunity to pounce on the food refuse bags 为了一个扑向食物垃圾袋的机会
to tear them apart. 把他们撕碎.
Now,people of Cardiff no longer put their food waste into bags, 现在,加的夫的人们不再把他们的食物垃圾放进袋子里,
so the gulls have to go elsewhere to look for their food. 所以海鸥不得不到别处去寻找它们的食物.
But here's a reminder of how it used to be. 但这里有一个提醒,它是如何过去的.
It's 6 am on a beautiful June morning. 这是一个美丽的六月早晨的早上6点.
Cardiff is waking up. 卡迪夫醒了.
Gulls have been active since first light. 海鸥从天亮起就活跃起来了.
They're patrolling the streets,looking for food. 他们在街上巡逻,寻找食物.
It's an activity that you'll only see on a big scale during summer. 这是一项只有在夏季才能看到的大规模活动.
In the Riverside and Grangetown areas of the town, 在该镇的河边和格兰镇地区,
it's bin day. 今天是宾日.
Today all the scavenging efforts of the gulls will be concentrated here. 今天,海鸥的所有拾荒工作都将集中在这里.
They're mainly lesser black backed gulls. 它们主要是较小的黑背海鸥.
There are also herring gulls with light grey wings. 还有淡灰色翅膀的鲱鱼海鸥.
Sometimes a lesser black back is boss of the bag. 有时一个较小的黑色背是包的老板.
Sometimes a herring gull. 有时是鲱鱼鸥.
But one gull always seems to dominate others 但一只海鸥似乎总是主宰别人
once her bag is opened. 一旦她的包打开.
And the city also has excellent gull nesting sites. 这个城市也有很好的海鸥筑巢地点.
On an industrial site near the centre, 中心附近的工业用地,
a flat roof is an ideal base, 平屋顶是理想的基地,
a short flight away from the feeding zones. 远离喂食区的短途飞行.
The gulls take off and land with food for their chicks 海鸥起飞和降落与食物为他们的雏鸟
from dawn to dusk. 从黎明到黄昏.
With their gullets full,they return and regurgitate the food 他们的食道满了,他们回来,反刍食物
for their chicks. 为了他们的雏鸟.
Must be 50,maybe even 60 pairs of gulls on this flat roof. 在这个平顶上一定有50只,甚至60只海鸥.
They're mainly lesser black backed gulls,there's a few 它们主要是较小的黑背海鸥,有几只
herring gulls dotted here and there as well. 鲱鱼海鸥也点缀在这里和那里.
This flat roof is exactly like an offshore island,like a beach 这个平顶简直就像一个离岸的岛屿,就像一个海滩
on an offshore island. 在一个近海岛屿上.
It's really safe. 真的很安全.
No foxes,no cats,no dogs can get up there. 没有狐狸,没有猫,没有狗可以上去.
They're kind of like urban vultures. 他们有点像城市秃鹫.
And these gulls in the middle of Cardiff,they're really intelligent 这些海鸥在加的夫中心,它们真的很聪明
birds because they know when it's bin day over in the middle 鸟,因为他们知道什么时候这是一天在中间结束
of the city and they'll move and they'll rip up your bins 他们会搬走,他们会撕碎你的垃圾箱
and they'll get the food out of that. 他们会把食物拿出来的.
Each gull pair will have its own small patch of space 每对海鸥都有自己的小片空间
on this artificial nesting site. 在这个人工筑巢地点.
Although the chicks are safe from predators, 虽然雏鸟是安全的掠食者,
they're not safe from other gulls. 它们对其他海鸥不安全.
If they venture from their own patch, 如果他们冒险从自己的补丁,
there's always a possibility that other adults will kill them. 总有其他成年人会杀了他们的可能性.
There are still plenty of gulls to see here in Cardiff 在加的夫还有很多海鸥可以看到
and with so much new building going on,of course,they've got 当然,有了这么多新的建筑,他们已经有了
new places to nest. 新的地方筑巢.
Old buildings are abandoned,those are perfect for them. 旧建筑被遗弃,那些对他们来说是完美的.
And you've got to remember that these are highly intelligent birds. 你必须记住,这些是高度聪明的鸟.
You consider that a gull can fly at speeds of up to 60mph. 你认为海鸥可以以高达60英里每小时的速度飞行.
They'll go,what,50 odd miles in search of food. 他们会走50多英里去寻找食物.
Well,Cardiff here,surrounded by coast and farmland, 这里是加的夫,周围是海岸和农田,
is absolutely ideal for them. 对他们来说绝对是理想的.
As I say,very,very intelligent birds. 就像我说的,非常非常聪明的鸟.
Now,one of the biggest successes I've seen over the last 25 years 这是我过去25年来最大的成功之一
has been the resurgence of the otter. 这是水獭的复活.
They're now found on practically every Welsh river. 现在几乎在威尔士的每一条河上都能找到它们.
And ten years ago,I even found them here on the River Taff, 十年前,我甚至在塔夫河上发现了它们,
right in the middle of Cardiff. 就在加的夫市中心.
I was accompanied by Eleanor Keane,who at the time, 我陪同埃莉诺*基恩,谁在当时,
worked for Cardiff University. 曾在卡迪夫大学工作.
Hi,Eleanor.Hello. 你好,埃莉诺.你好!.
You all right? Yeah,good,thanks.You? 你没事吧?是的,很好,谢谢.你呢?
Yeah,not bad at all.Have you seen anything today? 是啊,一点也不坏.你今天看到什么了吗?
Not yet,no. 还没有,没有.
But you have been out,I know,over the past few weeks. 但我知道,在过去的几周里,你一直在外面.
And you have actually found signs of otter. 你已经发现了水獭的迹象.
That's right,yeah. 没错,是的.
I've been out on the river and found some otter spraint, 我在河里发现了一些水獭的扭伤,
so they're definitely using this section of the river. 所以他们肯定在利用这段河.
Is that just using it for fishing,do you think,or is it a possibility 这只是用它来钓鱼,你认为,还是有可能
that they might have a holt,they might have young here somewhere? 他们可能有一个霍尔特,他们可能有年轻的在这里的某个地方?
I haven't seen any evidence of a holt or young, 我没有看到任何霍尔特或年轻的证据,
but it's not impossible. 但这不是不可能的.
There's some quite good vegetation in here 这里有一些很好的植被
that might have a resting place. 那可能有个休息的地方.
I would imagine here they must be strictly nocturnal,are they? 我想在这里他们一定是严格的夜间活动,对吧?
I would imagine they are. 我想他们是.
And I'd have thought if they're coming out in the day,people 我会想,如果他们在白天出来,人们
would be seeing them and we'd be hearing a lot more about them. 会看到他们,我们会听到更多关于他们的消息.
Right,OK,let's go and have a look. 好吧,好吧,我们去看看.
Yeah.I'll follow. 是的.我跟着你.
So our only option during the day is to look for otter spraint, 所以我们白天唯一的选择就是寻找水獭扭伤,
a sign they leave behind to communicate to other otters. 他们留下来与其他水獭交流的标志.
They tend to like elevated areas because that means that their smell 他们倾向于喜欢高架区域,因为这意味着他们的气味
will be carried over a longer distance. 将承载更长的距离.
They look good over there,don't they? 那边看起来不错,不是吗?
Oh,yeah,those rocks. 是啊,那些石头.
See anything? 看到什么了吗?
Yeah. 是的.
Just on the edge of this one.Yeah,yeah,I got you. 就在这个边缘.是的,是的,我抓住你了.
Yeah,it looks like it,yeah. 是的,看起来像,是的.
Oh,that's definitely otter,yeah. 那绝对是水獭.
Oh,yeah,yeah,yeah. 是啊,是啊,是啊.
People say jasmine tea and all this kind of stuff.Yeah. 人们说茉莉花茶之类的东西.是的.
It doesn't smell anything like jasmine tea. 闻起来一点也不像茉莉花茶.
Smells like fish gone off to me. 我闻起来像鱼.
It's not a bad smell,though.No,it's not. 这不是一股难闻的气味,though.No,它不是.
If you imagine what you would think poo would smell like. 如果你想象一下你会认为便便会闻起来像什么.
Are those bits of fish bones in it or what? 里面是鱼骨还是什么?
There are some bits of fish bone. 有一些鱼骨.
This bit looks like a fish scale. 这块看起来像鱼鳞.
Yeah,yeah,it does.Yeah. 是的,是的,是的.是的.
Oh,good. Well,it's the evidence anyway, 哦,很好. 不管怎么说,这是证据,
the otters are definitely here. 水獭肯定在这里.
Given that Eleanor had previously found otter signs along the river, 鉴于埃莉诺以前在河边发现了水獭的标志,
we'd left a camera out overnight,so we're curious to see the results. 我们把相机留在外面过夜,所以我们很想看看结果.
OK,it's dark. 好吧,天黑了.
What was that? Was there something there? 那是什么?那里有什么东西吗?
No,just something floating in the water. 不,只是漂浮在水中的东西.
I've never,ever seen an otter on the Taffy. 我从没见过太妃糖上的水獭.
Oh,hang on. 等等.
Hang on. 等等.
Oh! Oh,it's an otter! 噢!哦,是水獭!
No mistaking that.Well,well,well. 别误会.好吧,好吧,好吧.
I thought it was a rock.That wasn't there last time. 我还以为是块石头呢.上次没有.
I tell you what,let's play that again. 我告诉你,我们再玩一次.
That's fantastic. 太棒了.
You could just see it sprainted as well.Yeah,yeah,yeah. 你也可以看到它被扭伤了.是的,是的,是的.
Puts its back end right down,didn't it? 把它的后端放下,对吧?
And then just left off. 然后就离开了.
That's pretty nifty.Yeah,really good. 真漂亮.是的,真的很好.
Well,well,well. 好吧,好吧,好吧.
So,otters in Bute Park? Yeah,yeah. 那么,布特公园的水獭?是的,是的.
Fantastic! Yeah. 太棒了!是的.
Thank you very much,otter. 谢谢你,水獭.
Thank you very much. 非常感谢!.
There are still occasional sightings of otters here on the river Taff, 在塔夫河上仍然偶尔会看到水獭,
so we know they're still around. 所以我们知道他们还在.
But you've got to be extremely lucky to see them,because keeping away 但你必须非常幸运地看到他们,因为远离他们
from people,they're strictly nocturnal and they can wander 从人们看来,它们是严格的夜间活动,它们可以游荡
for miles up and down the river as well. 在河上上下下也有好几英里.
But parks like Bute Park in Cardiff 但是像卡迪夫的布特公园这样的公园
can be fantastic places for wildlife. 可以是野生动物的好地方.
There are certain species I see here that I never see out 我在这里看到的某些物种我从未看到过
in the open countryside. 在开阔的乡村.
And here are just a few gems I've filmed in parks over the years. 这里只是我多年来在公园拍摄的一些宝石.
This is a particularly nice part of the garden here. 这是这里花园的一个特别好的部分.
It's woodland. 是林地.
Let me show you around some of it. 让我带你看看.
It's a mix of native and exotic trees. 这是本地和异国情调的树木的混合.
We've got oak and we've got beech here,but we've also got 我们有橡树,我们有山毛榉,但我们也有
monkey puzzle tree over there. 猴子拼图树那边.
Some exotic things as well. 还有一些奇异的东西.
And the birdsong.There's a blackbird singing here. 还有鸟鸣.这里有一只黑鸟在唱歌.
Blue tits,robins,chaffinch calling. 蓝色的山雀,知更鸟,chaffinch打电话.
And what I really want to show you is down the bottom there, 我真正想给你看的是,
about 60 odd metres away,is a big old beech tree. 大约600米外,是一棵古老的山毛榉树.
Now,some of these trees,the oaks,the beech would have been here 现在,有些树,橡树,山毛榉就在这里了
when the castle was built because they must be 300 years old. 当城堡建成,因为他们必须有300年的历史.
And even more than that. 甚至更多.
And the branch has fallen off years ago and a hole has formed 而树枝在多年前就已经脱落,形成了一个洞
and in there is a tawny owl nest. 里面有一个黄褐色的猫头鹰巢.
And at the moment,as I speak,one of the adults is perched 此刻,就在我说话的时候,其中一个成年人正栖息着
at the entrance of the hole,looking up,just making sure 在洞口,抬头看,只是确保
that I don't go any nearer than this. 我不会比这更近的.
The owl is guarding her chicks, 猫头鹰守着她的雏鸟,
which you can just about see in the background. 你可以在背景中看到.
Here's the shot again with the chicks highlighted. 这是镜头再次与雏鸟突出.
If there's a better view of a tawny owl with chicks 如果能更好地看到有雏鸟的黄褐色猫头鹰
I've yet to find it. 我还没找到.
All of a sudden,you have hit one small corner of the park 突然之间,你撞到了公园的一个小角落
and it is alive with bees. 它是活着的蜜蜂.
Can you see them all buzzing around here? 你能看到他们都在这里嗡嗡作响吗?
They're called Ashy Mining bees or Grey Mining bees. 他们被称为灰采蜂或灰采蜂.
And this area is particularly good for them 这个地区对他们来说特别好
because it's mown,it's like a lawn,really. 因为它是割草的,就像草坪,真的.
They're digging little holes like little volcanoes here. 他们在这里挖像小火山一样的小洞.
And they then carry pollen and nectar into it, 然后他们把花粉和花蜜带进里面,
seal off a little chamber once they've laid an egg inside 一旦他们在里面下了蛋,就把一个小房间封起来
and the egg will hatch and the grub lives off that pollen 卵会孵化,幼虫靠花粉生活
and nectar,and eventually it'll hatch out and it'll form 还有花蜜,最终它会孵化出来,形成
the next generation of Ashy Mining bees. 下一代阿希采矿蜜蜂.
And if you've got them in your lawn,welcome them 如果你把它们放在草坪上,欢迎它们
because they're really important pollinators of fruit trees 因为它们是果树的重要传粉媒介
like cherry trees and apple trees and pear trees. 像樱桃树和苹果树和梨树.
And the good news is,a lot of our bees are declining rapidly, 好消息是,我们的许多蜜蜂正在迅速下降,
well,these are actually on the increase. 嗯,这些实际上正在增加.
It really is an incredible sight to see. 这真是一个令人难以置信的景象.
There are thousands of bees here and for once,they're benefiting 这里有成千上万只蜜蜂,它们这一次受益匪浅
from our wish to keep the lawns mown and tidy. 我们希望把草坪修剪整齐.
There's a pair of gold crests,building a nest quite high up 有一对金冠,在很高的地方筑了一个巢
in this spruce here. 在这里的云杉里.
And it's right underneath the branches. 就在树枝下面.
It's like a hanging basket. 就像一个吊篮.
And what they've done is,they've taken advantage of what's 他们所做的是,他们利用了
in the park because parks like this,you look around and you see 在公园里,因为像这样的公园,你环顾四周,你会看到
native trees,plenty of them,but you see exotic ones. 本土树木,很多,但你看到异国情调的.
This is an exotic. 这是一种异国情调.
And right next door to it is a native ash tree. 就在它的隔壁是一棵土生土长的白蜡树.
And what the birds are doing is,they're coming down to the ash 鸟儿正在做的是,它们正在落到灰烬中
and they're picking off little bits of moss there. 他们在那里捡起一些苔藓.
And they're taking that back up then, 然后他们就把它收回来了,
and building the nest. 筑巢.
It's the perfect place for a bird like a goldcrest. 这是一个完美的地方,鸟像一个goldcrest.
It's not just the trees birds take advantage of. 不仅仅是鸟类利用的树木.
Some areas of the park are left untended to become wild areas 公园的一些区域没有被开发成野生区域
and brambles are a favourite nesting place of long-tailed tits. 荆棘是长尾山雀最喜欢筑巢的地方.
There's a pair nesting just on the bottom. 底部有一对嵌套.
There's a bird just sat up there now. 现在有只鸟坐在上面.
That's interesting,because they come in,the pair comes in 这很有趣,因为他们进来了,一对进来了
together,one with a feather in his beak,that'll go in 一个嘴上长着羽毛的人,就会进去
and build up the nest. 筑巢.
And the other one perches up just as a lookout kind of thing. 而另一个栖息起来,就像一个望风的东西.
And they'll build a nest out of moss,they'll use lichen, 他们会用苔藓筑巢,用地衣筑巢,
they'll use animal hair,they'll use cobwebs, 他们会用动物的毛,他们会用蜘蛛网,
but they also need feathers. 但他们也需要羽毛.
And they'll use anything between 1,500 and 2,000 feathers, 他们会用1500到2000根羽毛,
which is absolutely amazing. 这真是太神奇了.
And what I've done is a little experiment just to see if it works. 我做了一个小实验,看看它是否有效.
I've gathered feathers and I put some down 我收集了羽毛,放下了一些
on a bramble bush down there. 在那里的荆棘丛里.
Now,at the moment I'm quite disgusted,to be honest with you, 现在,此刻我很反感,说实话,
because they're ignoring my feathers completely 因为他们完全无视我的羽毛
and they're going elsewhere. 他们要去别的地方.
I decide to change tactics and put the feathers 我决定改变战术,把羽毛
up in a tree instead. 倒在树上.
I'm hoping that'll do the trick. 我希望这能成功.
Here we go. 开始吧.
Oh,wow! 哦,哇!
Well,that's worked a treat,straight into the tree. 好吧,这是一种享受,直接进入树.
Picked up one feather,dropped it,picked up another. 拿起一根羽毛,放下它,拿起另一根羽毛.
And hopefully now back to the nest. 希望现在回到巢穴.
Well,this is interesting,because there are so many feathers, 嗯,这很有趣,因为有这么多的羽毛,
both birds are now collecting them and going back and forth. 两只鸟现在都在收集它们并来回走动.
So they've changed behaviour completely. 所以他们完全改变了行为.
Some lovely stuff there,but my favourite has got to be 那里有一些可爱的东西,但我最喜欢的是
the long-tailed tit,I think.Cracking little birds,aren't they? 我想是长尾山雀.破烂的小鸟,不是吗?
And parks can be good places for birds to roost at night. 公园也是鸟类夜间栖息的好地方.
And I filmed one particular bird roosting in a tree 我拍摄了一只鸟栖息在树上
just like this one at Gregynog Park near Newtown. 就像Newtown附近的Gregynog公园的这个.
And this is it. 这就是它.
It's a treecreeper. 是个树人.
The bird has dug himself a little hole into that soft bark, 那只鸟在那柔软的树皮上挖了一个小洞,
knowing full well it's going to be insulated all around. 充分了解它将被绝缘.
His face and his belly and feet have gone right in, 他的脸,他的肚子和脚都进去了,
and all that sticks out are his dense back feathers. 突出的是他浓密的背部羽毛.
And he also knows that any passing owl is never going to see him 他也知道任何路过的猫头鹰都不会看到他
because those feathers blend in perfectly 因为那些羽毛完美地融合在一起
with the surrounding bark. 与周围的树皮.
And that's one of the cosiest roosting sites that any bird 这是任何鸟类最舒适的栖息场所之一
could possibly have. 可能有.
Wasn't that lovely? 那不是很可爱吗?
And actually,tree creepers are not the only birds that roost in holes 事实上,爬树者并不是唯一栖息在洞里的鸟
in wellingtonias or sequoias like this. 在wellingtonias或红杉像这样.
I've seen great tits,I've seen blue tits, 我见过很棒的乳头,我见过蓝色的乳头,
I've seen all kinds of other birds doing it as well. 我也见过很多其他的鸟在做这件事.
Parks can be brilliant places for bats too, 公园也是蝙蝠的好去处,
plenty of roosting sites for them 为他们提供大量的栖息场所
and lots of food in the form of insects. 还有很多昆虫形式的食物.
And actually,you'll see bats virtually anywhere around town 事实上,你几乎可以在镇上的任何地方看到蝙蝠
as long as there's plenty of food,which is exactly 只要有足够的食物,这正是
what I discovered in Pembroke one warm summer night. 在一个温暖的夏夜,我在彭布罗克发现了什么.
The bats are made more visible with infrared cameras. 蝙蝠是由红外摄像机更明显.
Even though there are street lamps along the pond walk, 尽管池塘边有路灯,
the extraordinary number of bats can only be appreciated 数量惊人的蝙蝠只能被欣赏
with a special camera. 用一个特殊的相机.
All along the side here,all along the edge of the trees 沿着这边,沿着树木的边缘
there are bats everywhere,dozens and dozens of bats. 到处都是蝙蝠,几十只,几十只蝙蝠.
Now,these are,they're quite small bats, 现在,这些是,它们是相当小的蝙蝠,
so these will be pipistrelle bats. 所以这些将是pipistrelle蝙蝠.
And what they're doing is,they're following the old castle wall, 他们在做的是,他们是 沿着古老的城堡墙,
it's covered in ivy,and you've got the trees 它复盖着常春藤,你有树
and they'll be feeding along the edge,it'll be full of insects, 它们会沿着边缘觅食,里面会满是昆虫,
but they're whizzing over my head back and forth constantly. 但它们不停地在我头上呼啸而过.
And of course,Pembroke,it's a historic town. 当然,彭布罗克,这是一个历史悠久的小镇.
You've got all these old buildings here,great places 这里有很多古老的建筑,很棒的地方
for the pipistrelles to roost. 让琵琶鱼栖息.
They come out at night,you've got the water,you've got the wall, 他们晚上出来,你有水,你有墙,
the ivy,you've got the trees,you've got the reeds here, 常春藤,你有树,你有芦苇,
full of insects. 充满了昆虫.
So it's a brilliant place for them. 所以这对他们来说是个好地方.
And if I was walking along without this camera,I'd see 如果我没有这架照相机,我会看到
maybe two,three,four,half a dozen. 也许两个,三个,四个,半打.
But with this,I'm seeing dozens,literally dozens of bats. 但有了这个,我看到几十只,实际上是几十只蝙蝠.
One of the facts that I love about bats is that the pipistrelle, 我喜欢蝙蝠的一个事实是,
which is one we see here,which is the smallest bat, 这是我们在这里看到的,这是最小的蝙蝠,
every one of those can eat up to 3,000 midges a night. 每只蚊子每晚最多能吃3000只蚊子
So the bat really is one of your best friends. 所以蝙蝠真的是你最好的朋友之一.
In 2005,I was able to see a pipistrelle bat in the hand 2005年,我能看到一只琵琶蝙蝠在手中
when I went bat monitoring with mammal expert,Phil Morgan. 当我和哺乳动物专家菲尔*摩根一起进行蝙蝠监测的时候.
Fantastic,here we go. 太棒了,开始吧.
What do you want me to do now,then,Phil? 那你现在要我做什么,菲尔?
If you could just take the ends of the rods,yeah. 如果你能把杆的末端拿走,是的.
OK,I've got it. 好的,我知道了.
Right here.Halfway out,is it? 就在这里.走到一半了,是吗?
Yeah.OK.Got it? 是的.好的.明白了吗?
So I can take the net away,yeah? 这样我就可以把网拿走了,是吗?
Yeah,that's right. 是的,没错.
That's great. 那太好了.
OK. 好的.
Let's have a look.What have we got there now? 让我们看看.我们现在有什么?
We've got ourselves a midge or soprano pipistrelle. 我们有一个侏儒或女高音琵琶手.
I don't know if you can smell it. 不知道你能不能闻到
They have a very distinctive,musty smell. 它们有一种非常独特的霉味.
They do,yeah. 是的,是的.
And that's one of the things,one of the features that sort of marks 这就是其中一件事,一个标志性的特征
this particular species of pipistrelle out 这种特殊的琵琶鱼
from the common pipistrelle. 从普通的管道.
What,the fact that that stinks and the other one doesn't? 什么,那个臭而另一个不臭?
Basically,yeah. 基本上,是的.
So how would you know it's a pipistrelle as opposed to some 那么你怎么知道这是一个pipistrelle而不是一些
of the other bats we've got? 我们找到的其他蝙蝠?
Well,it's this uniformly brown colouration of its fur, 嗯,这是它的皮毛均匀的棕色,
both on its underside and on its back. 在它的底面和背面.
Other bats tend to have paler or almost white undersides. 其他蝙蝠往往有苍白或几乎白色的底面.
But,yeah,you know,this sort of fairly uniformly brown colour 但是,是的,你知道,这种相当均匀的棕色
means it's a pipistrelle. 意味着这是一个管道.
It's got a face almost like a dog. 它有一张几乎像狗的脸.
Like a little dog. 就像一只小狗.
Yeah,it's a very dog-like face. 是啊,这张脸很像狗.
And,yeah,those wonderful ears there that pick up the echolocation. 而且,是的,那些美妙的耳朵在那里拿起回声定位.
And the wings amaze me because it's just skin over bone 翅膀让我吃惊,因为它只是皮肤而不是骨头
or thin bone. 或薄骨.
It's quite amazing material. 这是相当惊人的材料.
It is skin,but it's like the clingfilm you get 它是皮肤,但它就像你得到的保鲜膜
on supermarket cheese, 在超市奶酪,
you know,it's quite tough stuff, 你知道,这是很难的事情,
but incredibly resilient. 但令人难以置信的弹性.
And these are just long,long,thin bones. 这些只是很长很长很细的骨头.
So they act like a kite,more or less? 所以他们表现得像风筝,或多或少?
Yeah,it's basically a hand wing. 是啊,基本上是个手翼.
Those are fingers. 那是手指.
And it just,it's the skin stretched between them. 只是,这是他们之间的皮肤.
But they don't hang by that? 但他们不坚持吗?
They hang by the feet,do they? 他们挂在脚边,是吗?
Well,in this particular species,they don't tend to hang a lot. 嗯,在这个特殊的物种中,它们不会挂很多.
They'll be what we call crevice roosters. 他们就是我们所说的裂缝公鸡.
Basically,they like to get themselves in somewhere where 基本上,他们喜欢把自己放在某个地方.
they've got something pressing on their backs and their tummies, 他们的背上和肚子上有东西压着,
that's where they feel safe and secure. 这就是他们感到安全和安全的地方.
They're fascinating things,aren't they,bats? 它们很迷人,不是吗,蝙蝠?
There are 17 different species breeding here in the UK 英国有17种不同的物种在这里繁殖
and that is a quarter of all of our mammals. 这是我们所有哺乳动物的四分之一.
Cracking things. 破烂的东西.
Well,I'll be back with some more wildlife moments 好吧,我会带着更多的野生动物回来的
from the archives. 从档案中.
But meantime,here's another gem from the past for you. 但与此同时,这是过去给你的另一颗宝石.
Roz Harris has had swallows in her garden for some time, Roz Harris在她的花园里有燕子一段时间了,
but they'd run out of nesting space,so they moved into her house. 但他们的筑巢空间用完了,所以他们搬进了她的房子.
So when did you first have a pair of swallows nesting in your bedroom? 你什么时候第一次有一对燕子在你的卧室里筑巢的?
Well,it was about two years ago,in fact,and we were woken up 事实上,大约是两年前,我们被吵醒了
one morning by chattering and clattering, 一天早晨,喋喋不休,喋喋不休,
and they were just telling each other what a wonderful place 他们只是告诉对方一个多么美好的地方
it was to live. 这是为了活着.
And you actually sleep directly underneath the nest? 你居然直接睡在巢穴下面?
I'm afraid we do,yes. 恐怕我们有,是的.
We just thoroughly enjoy having them here and we snore away 我们只是非常喜欢在这里有他们,我们打鼾
while they're chirping away. 当他们啁啾的时候.
They wake us up very early in the morning,I have to say, 我得说,他们一大早就把我们吵醒了,
that's the trouble. 这就是问题所在.
And now,of course,you've not got one pair, 现在,当然,你没有一双,
you've got two pairs,don't you? Yes. 你有两双,是吗?是的.
This year,I'm afraid we've had a lot of competition 今年,恐怕我们有很多竞争
for nesting sites. 用于筑巢地点.
When they're two together,the males,both the males are here, 当他们两个在一起的时候,雄性,雄性都在这里,
then the chattering really gets quite aggressive. 然后喋喋不休真的变得相当激进.
So if both of them rear young this year,is there going to be enough 所以,如果他们两个今年都年轻,是否有足够的
room for all of you or are you going to have to kick your husband out? 你们所有人的空间还是你要把你丈夫赶出去?
Well,I can tell you,yes,that's probably a very good idea! 好吧,我可以告诉你,是的,这可能是一个非常好的主意!
We might both evacuate,in fact,because there's an awful lot of mess 事实上,我们两个都可能撤离,因为这里有一大堆乱七八糟的东西
once the youngsters are born. 一旦年轻人出生.
Well,listen,well done. 听着,干得好.
So many people illegally knock out nests and it's lovely to see people 这么多人非法敲巢,看到人真可爱
accommodating the birds in their own bedrooms. 让鸟儿住在自己的卧室里.
That's brilliant.Thank you very much. 太棒了.非常感谢!.
And here's a taste of what I'll be digging up 这是我要挖的东西的味道
from the archives next time. 下次从档案里.
This is something I never thought I'd see in Welsh waters. 这是我从未想过会在威尔士水域看到的.
It's a sea cucumber. 是海参.
It's like a great,big,hollow eating machine,really. 这就像一个伟大的,大的,中空的进食机,真的.
One unusual feature that's different to a snake 一个不同于蛇的不寻常特征
in that it actually blinks. 它实际上会闪烁.
So you find if you try and out-glare a slowworm, 所以你会发现,如果你尝试和眩光慢虫,
it'll eventually blink. 它最终会眨眼.
If you pick a snake up and try and out-glare it,it'll never blink. 如果你拿起一条蛇,并尝试和眩光它,它永远不会眨眼.
I don't know anywhere else in Wales where you can get this close 我不知道在威尔士的其他任何地方你都能接近
to nesting peregrines,it's just incredible. 对于筑巢的游隼来说,这真是难以置信.
There's a path going down here to the lighthouse 这里有一条通往灯塔的小路
and they're just so used to people. 他们对人太习惯了.
Somebody once called them the seashore rabbit 有人曾称他们为海滨兔子
just because they eat everything and any little algae 只是因为他们吃了所有的东西和任何的小藻类
and everything else there.Yeah. 还有那里的一切.是的.
I've spent a lot of time walking down quiet country lanes like this 我花了很多时间走在这样安静的乡间小路上
over the 25 years that I've been making programmes for BBC Wales, 在我为BBC威尔士制作节目的25年里,
and often,it's been looking for lizards. 通常,它一直在寻找蜥蜴.
South-facing bank like this is ideal. 像这样朝南的银行是理想的.
They'd bask on the rocks,getting the warmth from the sun. 他们会晒在岩石上,从太阳中获得温暖.
Any danger,and they'd nip into the little nooks and crannies 任何危险,他们就会咬进小角落和缝隙
and hide out of the way. 躲开.
But do you know what,to be honest with you,I don't think 但你知道吗,说实话,我不认为
I'm going to see anything today cos it is just far too cold. 我今天会看到任何东西,因为它太冷了.
But I did have a lot more luck when I came here in 2000. 但我在2000年来到这里时确实有更多的运气.
And here's what I've been looking for.It's a common lizard. 这就是我一直在看的for.It这是一种普通的蜥蜴.
Now,these are reptiles,so they're-cold blooded creatures, 这些是爬行动物,所以它们是冷血动物,
and basically,they need to sunbathe. 基本上,他们需要享受日光浴.
They've got to heat up their bodies,heat up their blood 他们必须加热身体,加热血液
before they can go away and hunt. 在他们离开打猎之前.
And a bank like this,a warm,south-facing bank 像这样的银行,一个温暖的朝南的银行
on a small country road,is an ideal spot for them. 在一个小乡村的道路上,是他们的理想地点.
On the whole,reptiles have proved to be particularly adept 总的来说,爬行动物被证明特别擅长
at colonising our roadsides. 在我们的路边殖民.
Dylan Stephen-Jones has carried out reptile surveys 迪伦*斯蒂芬-琼斯进行了爬行动物调查
for various organisations all over north Wales, 为北威尔斯各地的不同机构而设,
and he knows of one spot beside a quiet road 他知道在一条安静的道路旁有一个地方
which is favoured by another species of reptile. 这是另一种爬行动物的青睐.
Oh,yay! Whoa! You've got two of them. 哦,耶!哇!你有两个.
I tell you what,I'll take the little 'un. 我告诉你,我要小联合国.
Wow! There you go. 哇塞! 给你.
That's cracking! 快裂开了!
I think what always amazes me is that this isn't in fact 我想总是让我惊讶的是,这实际上并不是
a snake at all,is it? 一条蛇,是吗?
Yep.Cos most people think that this is a snake 是的.因为大多数人认为这是一条蛇
cos it doesn't have any legs,like,er...like snakes generally, 因为它没有腿,呃...像蛇一般,
but lizards have one unusual feature that's different to a snake, 但是蜥蜴有一个不同于蛇的特殊特征,
in that it actually blinks. 它实际上会闪烁.
So you find if you try and out-glare a slowworm, 所以你会发现,如果你尝试和眩光慢虫,
it'll eventually blink. 它最终会眨眼.
But if you pick a snake up and try and out-glare it,it'll never blink. 但是,如果你拿起一条蛇,并尝试和眩光它,它永远不会眨眼.
What have you got there,then? Yours is quite a bit bigger than this one. 那你拿的是什么?你的比这个大得多.
Yeah.This one's a youngster,is it? Absolutely. 是的.这是个年轻人,对吧?绝对正确.
I mean,that's a gorgeous example of a juvenile slowworm. 我是说,这是一个幼年慢虫的好例子.
It's got this lovely gold necklace running down the back of the body, 它有一条可爱的金项链沿着尸体的后部流过,
with a fine black line in the middle. 中间有一条细黑线.
Very smooth things as well.Lovely things. 非常顺利的事情也是如此.可爱的东西.
And then that one? This one is a lot bigger. 然后是那个?这个要大得多.
This one's a female slowworm. 这是一只雌性慢虫.
You can usually tell the females by their darker flanks,and they're... 你通常可以通过它们较暗的侧翼来判断雌性,它们是...
Ooh,it's sticking its tongue out. 它伸出舌头了.
She's quite big,isn't she? She's quite large.Absolutely. 她很大,不是吗?她很大.绝对正确.
In fact,one thing that people don't realise about slowworms 事实上,人们没有意识到慢虫的一件事
is where the tail starts. 是尾巴开始的地方.
So you have a go at guessing where the tail starts on this beast. 所以你可以猜测这只野兽的尾巴从哪里开始.
I reckon it's probably the last couple of inches here, 我想这可能是这里的最后几英寸了,
something like that.Well,actually,it starts here. 差不多吧.事实上,从这里开始.
You can see where the body starts to go rather... 你可以看到身体开始去的地方...
That's about half the length of the animal.Absolutely. 这大约是动物长度的一半.绝对正确.
So if I turn it around,you can actually see... 所以如果我把它转过来,你就能看到...
Ah,I can see,yeah...that's the end of its belly, 我看得出来,是的...这就是它肚子的尽头,
and that's where the tail starts. 这就是尾巴开始的地方.
All that...is its tail. 全部that...is 它的尾巴.
Incredibly long. 难以置信的长.
Is it true,then,that as part of their self-defence, 那么,作为他们自卫的一部分,这是真的吗?,
the tail breaks off if it's attacked by something? 如果它被什么东西攻击,尾巴就会断掉?
Yeah,yeah.If you imagine,with a tail that big, 是的,是的.如果你想象的话,尾巴那么大,
if a bird of prey swoops down to try and grab you, 如果一只猛禽俯冲下来试图抓住你,
it's got a high chance of actually ending up catching your tail. 它有很大的机会最终会抓住你的尾巴.
And then,what she can do,she can shed her tail 然后,她能做什么,她就能甩掉她的尾巴
and shoot off into the undergrowth, 射入灌木丛中,
and leaves the bird just with the tail. 只留下鸟的尾巴.
So she's able to escape whilst the bird's distracted, 所以她可以在鸟分心的时候逃跑,
trying to deal with the tail. 试图处理尾巴.
Well,that's pretty extreme,isn't it - losing your tail? 这太极端了,不是吗--失去你的尾巴?
And it's actually called autotomy. 它实际上被称为自动切开术.
And reptiles,when they're basking,when they're sunbathing, 爬行动物,当它们晒太阳的时候,当它们晒太阳的时候,
they've got to be careful, 他们得小心点,
because they're out in the open,they're vulnerable, 因为他们是公开的,他们很脆弱,
they get eaten by things like stoats and weasels,and crows and buzzards. 它们被白鼬和黄鼠狼,乌鸦和秃鹰等东西吃掉.
And back in 2011,on the Ceredigion Coastal Path 回到2011年,在Ceredigion海岸小径上
between Cwmtydu and Llangrannog, Cwmtydu至兰格兰诺格航线,
I actually watched and filmed a kestrel catching a common lizard. 我实际上观看并拍摄了一只红隼捕捉一只普通蜥蜴.
There are a few things you do in life 你在生活中做了一些事情
where time passes and you don't really notice it. 在时间流逝的地方,你并没有真正注意到它.
One is watching waves on a shore, 一个人在岸边看海浪,
another one is looking into an open fire. 另一个正在寻找明火.
But for me,it's watching hunting kestrels. 但对我来说,它是在看狩猎红隼.
There's a male and a female kestrel hunting up here now. 这里有一只公一只母的红隼在打猎.
They're not hovering,they're actually using the wind 它们不是在盘旋,它们实际上是在利用风
just to stay up in the air. 只是为了保持在空中.
She's just gone down. 她刚倒下.
No,she's come back. 不,她回来了.
Maybe with a beetle and a talon full of grass,I think,there. 也许有一只甲虫和一个满是草的爪,我想,在那里.
In fact,the kestrel has caught a lizard. 事实上,红隼抓到了一只蜥蜴.
Its body shape can clearly be seen hanging from the kestrel's talons. 从红隼的爪子上可以清楚地看到它的体形.
They don't always eat on the wing.These two are now 他们并不总是在机翼上吃东西.这两个现在
because they're catching mainly beetles,a few lizards. 因为它们主要捕捉甲虫,一些蜥蜴.
But if they catch something bigger,if they catch a vole, 但如果他们抓到更大的东西,如果他们抓到田鼠,
they'll land on one of these posts and feed there. 他们会降落在其中一个柱子上并在那里喂食.
But you can watch kestrels,I find,anyway, 但你可以看kestrels,我发现,无论如何,
for hours and hours and hours,and time will just pass. 几个小时,几个小时,时间就会过去.
I like kestrels.They were my dad's favourite bird. 我喜欢红隼.它们是我爸爸最喜欢的鸟.
And I remember as a small kid,you know,I used to watch them with Dad. 我记得小时候,我经常和爸爸一起看他们.
But unfortunately,they've gone from much of inland Wales now, 但不幸的是,他们现在已经从威尔士内陆的大部分地区离开了,
and the best place to see them is coastal areas 最好的地方是沿海地区
like here at South Stack. 就像在南栈.
And another bird of prey that you'll see here 还有另一只猛禽,你会在这里看到
is the peregrine falcon,the fastest bird in the world. 是游隼,世界上最快的鸟.
And they like these coastal areas 他们喜欢这些沿海地区
because they've got the sheer sea cliffs here, 因为这里有陡峭的海崖,
there's a lot of prey,a lot of birds for them to catch. 有很多猎物,很多鸟让他们捕捉.
And,of course,it's a rare bird,it's a scarce bird. 当然,这是一种稀有的鸟,它是一种稀有的鸟.
To go anywhere near a nest,you've got to have a special licence, 要去靠近巢穴的任何地方,你必须有一张特别的执照,
and usually,they're high up on buildings or on cliffs, 通常,它们在高高的建筑物或悬崖上,
so you can't see them. 所以你看不到他们.
But in 2003,a pair nested on the cliffs just behind me, 但在2003年,一对嵌套在我身后的悬崖上,
and you could walk down these steps here 你可以走下这些台阶
and actually look into the nest. 实际上看看巢穴.
So I came along with my crew at the time,Lynfa and Cheryl, 所以我当时和我的船员一起来了,林法和谢丽尔,
to film those birds. 拍摄那些鸟.
Is he coming down? Yeah,yeah.Oh,I can see,yeah! 他下来了吗?是的,是的.哦,我看到了,是的!
So they're both up there now together. 所以他们现在都在一起了.
And you can see now...Maybe if the male came down a bit, 你现在可以看到...也许如果雄性下来一点,
you can see how much bigger she is than him. 你可以看到她比他大得多.
Yeah,she's a lump of a bird and he's quite sleek. 是啊,她是一只鸟,他很圆滑.
And that's because what'll happen is,they'll exploit different food. 那是因为他们会利用不同的食物.
He'll hunt for smaller prey than her. 他会寻找比她小的猎物.
So they're not kind of competing against each other. 所以他们不是在互相竞争.
As with all falcons,peregrines don't build their own nest. 与所有猎鹰一样,游隼不会建立自己的巢穴.
This pair has stolen an old raven nest. 这对偷了一个古老的乌鸦巢.
Although three eggs were laid in early spring, 虽然早春产下了三个蛋,
only one chick has survived,but it appears to be thriving. 只有一只雏鸟幸存下来,但它似乎正在蓬勃发展.
I don't know anywhere else in Wales 我在威尔士其他地方都不认识
where you can get this close to nesting peregrines. 在那里你可以接近筑巢的游隼.
It's just incredible. 真是难以置信.
Usually,they're birds of isolated cliffs,on the coast or inland, 通常,它们是在海岸或内陆孤立的悬崖上的鸟,
and you've only got to put your head over the brow of the hill 你只需要把头伸到山顶上
and the bird is off. 那只鸟走了.
The good thing about South Stack 南栈的好处
is that there's a path going down here to the lighthouse, 这里有一条通往灯塔的路吗?,
and they're just so used to people. 他们对人太习惯了.
She's there with a chick now and the male is high up over there. 她现在和一只雏鸟在一起,而那只雄鸟在那边高高的地方.
The chick's probably being well fed.They've only got one. 这只雏鸟可能吃得很饱.他们只有一个.
A couple of years ago,they had four in there,crammed in there, 几年前,他们有四个,挤在那里,
and it was a busy,busy kind of place. 那是一个很忙很忙的地方.
But the sun is starting to go down 但是太阳开始下山了
and she'll probably hunt once more before dark. 天黑前她可能还会再打猎.
Because then,she'll come in,she'll keep that chick warm overnight 因为那样的话,她会进来的,她会让那只雏鸟在一夜之间保持温暖
and they'll have to go off and hunt again first thing. 他们第一件事就得再去打猎了.
But fabulous,and a fantastic nest.Great nest. 但神话般的,和一个梦幻般的巢.伟大的巢穴.
If it survives,it too may well nest on these cliffs, 如果它能活下来,它也很可能在这些悬崖上筑巢,
as generations of peregrines have done in the past. 正如过去几代游隼所做的那样.
That was really memorable. 那真是令人难忘.
Just getting that intimate look at a family of peregrines. 只是亲密地看着一个游隼家族.
You don't see that very often at all. 你不会经常看到的 果不其然.
And South Stack here is a brilliant place for cetaceans as well. 这里的南栈也是鲸类动物的好地方.
Those are porpoises and dolphins. 那些是江豚和海豚.
Usually,they're further offshore, 通常,它们在更远的离岸,
but here,they come fairly close to land. 但在这里,它们离陆地很近.
And the best place in the whole of the UK to see bottlenose dolphins 也是英国最适合观赏宽吻海豚的地方
is Cardigan Bay. 是开襟羊毛衫湾.
This is the popular beach of Mwnt in south Ceredigion. 这是南Ceredigion的Mwnt受欢迎的海滩.
Photographer Janet Baxter has been coming here for many years 摄影师珍妮特*巴克斯特来这里已经很多年了
to take shots of dolphins from a vantage point on the headland. 从岬角的有利位置拍摄海豚.
How many dolphins are there out there,then,Janet? 那里有多少海豚,珍妮特?
Two at the moment. 现在是两个.
I thought earlier on there were more than...There were three. 我早些时候还以为不止这些...有三个.
Three,were there? Yeah,yeah.Two adults and a juvenile. 三个,在那里吗?是的,是的.两个成年人和一个少年.
I think we're down to an adult and a juvenile now. 我想我们现在只能是一个成年人和一个少年了.
The well-marked adult seems to have moved off. 那个标记良好的成年人似乎已经离开了.
But one of them...Ah,there we are,that one there now, 但其中一个...啊,我们在那里,那个现在在那里,
that's got a really white front to its dorsal fin.Yes.Yeah. 它的背鳍有一个非常白色的前部.是的.是的.
And this is a real favourite spot,isn't it,Mwnt? 这是一个真正喜欢的地方,不是吗,Mwnt?
I've watched them here many a time, 我在这里看过很多次了,
and I know you come here all the time. 我知道你总是来这里.
Yeah.Why here,then? 是的.那为什么在这里?
Um...Well,for food,for fish. 嗯..好吧,为了食物,为了鱼.
We're at the mouth of the Teifi here, 我们在这里的Teifi口,
so you get the salmon and the sewin running up the Teifi. 所以你得到了鲑鱼和下水道运行的Teifi.
Um...and garfish, 嗯..和garfish,
herring,mullet. 鲱鱼,乌鱼.
Mullet and bass estuary,Teifi. 乌鱼和鲈鱼河口,Teifi.
But we've got a sandbank here that runs from the headland here 但我们这里有一个沙洲,从这里的岬角延伸出来
up towards that first headland. 向第一个岬角走去.
So the water out there is quite deep, 所以外面的水很深,
and then it suddenly gets shallow. 然后它突然变得浅薄.
So the dolphin can push the fish up against...against it, 所以海豚可以把鱼推到上面...反对它,
into the shallow water. 进入浅水区.
But they can also see the salmon or sewin 但他们也可以看到鲑鱼或下水道
as they run across the sandbank. 当他们穿过沙洲的时候.
So it's like a corral,almost.Yes.A natural corral for them. 所以它就像一个畜栏,几乎.是的.他们的天然畜栏.
Yes,yeah.They're using the underwater geographical features 是的,是的.他们在利用水下的地理特征
to,er...to help catch fish. 到,er...to 帮助抓鱼.
Do we know how many bottlenose dolphins there are along the bay? 我们知道沿着海湾有多少瓶鼻海豚吗?
I think the catalogue is up to well over 250 animals, 我想目录上有250多只动物,
but they're not necessarily all in the bay at the same time. 但他们不一定都在同一时间在海湾.
They tend to come and go. 他们往往来来去去.
Cos they are very intelligent animals,aren't they? Yes. 因为它们是非常聪明的动物,不是吗?是的.
And we only understand a small fraction 我们只了解一小部分
of what they're doing in the water. 他们在水里做的事.
Yes.We only see what they do when they come at the surface. 是的.我们只看到他们浮出水面时的所作所为.
We've no idea what's going on under the water. 我们不知道水下发生了什么.
Lovely way to spend the day there,sitting on a rock, 在那里度过一天的可爱方式,坐在岩石上,
staring out to sea,watching bottlenose dolphins. 凝视着大海,看着宽吻海豚.
And the good news is that the bottlenose dolphin population 好消息是宽吻海豚的数量
appears to be stable in Cardigan Bay. 卡迪根湾似乎很稳定.
And they're seen more and more these days around Anglesey 这些天在安格尔西附近越来越多地看到他们
and all the way across into Liverpool Bay as well. 一路穿过利物浦湾.
One of the skills that I acquired during my time 这是我在这段时间里学到的技能之一
presenting wildlife programmes for BBC Wales 为BBC威尔士举办野生动物节目
is how to present underwater. 是如何呈现水下.
And to do that,of course,I've had to learn how to scuba dive, 当然,要做到这一点,我必须学习如何潜水,
and I've been lucky enough to dive all around the Welsh coast. 我很幸运能在威尔士海岸潜水.
But one of my favourite dives is off Skomer Island, 但我最喜欢的潜水之一是斯科默岛,
Wales' only Marine Nature Reserve. 威尔士唯一的海洋自然保护区.
And in 2013,I witnessed 而在2013年,我目睹了
one of the most amazing things I've ever seen - 这是我见过的最令人惊奇的事情之一 -
spider crabs gathering together in a huge mating ball. 蜘蛛蟹聚集在一个巨大的交配球.
It's the mating season at the moment,the end of the summer. 现在是交配季节,夏天结束.
There are a lot of crabs down here,and that includes the spider crabs. 这里有很多螃蟹,包括蜘蛛蟹.
And you get what they call mating balls. 你会得到他们所谓的交配球.
You get one female surrounded by a lot of males, 你得到一个女性包围了很多男性,
and they all jump on her,fighting to mate with a female. 他们都跳到她身上,争着和一只雌性交配.
And there are only half a dozen crabs here, 而且这里只有半打螃蟹,
but I've seen mating balls of 20 crabs and more. 但我见过20只螃蟹和更多的交配球.
And these are really impressive-looking crabs. 这些螃蟹真的很漂亮.
This is something I never thought I'd see in Welsh waters. 这是我从未想过会在威尔士水域看到的.
It's a sea cucumber. 是海参.
It's like a great big hollow eating machine,really. 这就像一个很大的空心吃东西的机器,真的.
And it'll eat virtually anything along here. 它几乎可以吃这里的任何东西.
I've seen them before abroad in warm waters,but never in Wales. 我以前见过他们在国外温暖的水域,但从来没有在威尔士.
It's glorious! Lovely black colour 太光荣了!可爱的黑色
with little white spots here and there,if you look carefully. 如果你仔细观察,这里和那里都有小白点.
And the sea cucumber's got this incredible defence. 海参有这种难以置信的防御能力.
If you pick it up,out of its bottom end, 如果你把它捡起来,从它的底端出来,
it sends out a whole long thread of thick,sticky substance. 它发出一整根长长的又厚又粘的物质.
They're amazing creatures,they really are! 他们是惊人的生物,他们真的是!
The rich sealife here is fuelled by strong currents 这里丰富的海豹生活是由强大的水流推动的
flowing around the Pembrokeshire coast. 在彭布罗克郡海岸附近流动.
And one species is special to the location. 一个物种是特殊的位置.
Oh,wow,look at this! How beautiful is that? 哦,哇,看看这个!这有多美?
This is a pink sea fan. 这是一个粉红色的海扇.
Something,again,I always associated with warmer waters. 东西,再次,我总是与温暖的水域相关联.
But here they are,in Wales, 但他们在这里,在威尔士,
at their northernmost limit here in Pembrokeshire. 在彭布罗克郡的最北端.
And these things,they grow about a centimetre a year initially, 而这些东西,它们最初一年长约一厘米,
and then it slows down. 然后它就变慢了.
So this one is maybe 20-25 centimetres across. 这个大概有20-25厘米宽.
It could be 30 or 40 years old. 它可能是30或40岁.
And it's a whole colony of creatures living together here 这是一大群生活在这里的生物
in a gully,where the tidal flow back and forth 在沟里,潮汐来回流动
sends little nutrients into the mouths of these little creatures. 把很少的营养送进这些小生物的嘴里.
What a beautiful thing! 多美的东西啊!
You don't have to dive to see good sealife. 你不必潜水就能看到好的海豹.
You can find fascinating wildlife on the shore along the coast. 你可以在海岸边找到迷人的野生动物.
Particularly in rock pools. 特别是在岩石池.
This is Oxwich Bay,on the Gower. 这是奥克斯维奇湾,在高塔上.
And in 2007,I went with marine biologist Judith Oakley 2007年,我和海洋生物学家朱迪丝*奥克利一起去了
to explore rock pools. 探索岩石池.
What we seeing there - limpets? Limpets,yeah. 我们在那里看到什么-limpets?Limpets,是的.
They grind their shell into a rock to make it fit exactly, 他们把贝壳磨成岩石,使它完全适合,
and they can trap water underneath it for when the tide goes out. 当潮水退去的时候,它们可以把水困在它下面.
So that's how they can survive. 所以这就是他们生存的方式.
They graze the rocks. 他们在岩石上放牧.
So if it wasn't for them,all these rocks would be covered in seaweed. 所以如果不是他们,所有这些岩石都会被海藻复盖.
And when they go and feed and come back, 当他们去吃东西又回来的时候,
they can find exactly the same spot where they started off from. 他们可以找到他们开始的地方.
So they have an area called a home scar. 所以他们有一个叫做家庭疤痕的区域.
Somebody once called them the seashore rabbit.That's right. 有人曾称他们为海滨兔子.没错.
Just because they eat everything. 就因为他们什么都吃.
Any little algae and everything else there.Yeah. 任何小藻类和其他一切.是的.
Limpets are preyed on by a creature called a dog whelk. Limpets被一种叫做狗惠尔克的生物捕食.
I think...Yeah,there's one here. 我想...是的,这里有一个.
Ah,right,yeah.Dog whelks feed in a strange way, 对,是的.狗幼崽以一种奇怪的方式进食,
cos they use their tongue as a drill. 因为他们用舌头做钻头.
Drill into barnacles or limpets, 钻入藤壶或limpets,
then they're sick into the shell, 然后他们病入膏肓,
and all the juices are mixed up 所有的果汁都混在一起了
and they suck them back up with their tongue as a straw. 他们用舌头把它们吸回来当吸管.
I hope nobody's eating their tea right now,I really do. 我希望现在没人在吃他们的茶,真的.
That's not very pleasant at all,is it? So quite often, 这一点都不令人愉快,对吧?经常如此,
you find limpet shells washed up with a little hole in, 你会发现limpet贝壳被冲上了一个小洞,
which is where they've been drilled. 这就是他们被钻的地方.
Let's have a look in the pool.Have we got anything further on here? 让我们去游泳池看看.我们还有什么进展吗?
There's a crab here,look.I'll see if I can get him. 这里有只螃蟹,看.我看看能不能找到他.
Ooh,the shell's come off. 贝壳掉了.
That's quite interesting.Crabs have to grow a new shell, 这很有趣.螃蟹必须长出新的外壳,
so there's a line of weakness along the back of the shell which splits, 所以在壳的背面有一条弱点,它分裂了,
and then the crab will reverse backwards out of it, 然后螃蟹就会倒过来,
pulling all its claws out. 把它所有的爪子都拔出来.
And it leaves behind the gills and grows new gills. 它留下了鳃,长出了新的鳃.
So then it'll go away under a stone for three or four days 然后它就会在石头下消失三四天
to harden off the new shell,and then this is what's left. 把新的外壳变硬,然后剩下的就是这个.
So they will literally work their way out backwards out of that, 所以他们会从字面上走出来,
legs and all.Yeah. 腿和所有.是的.
And the new shell is going to be a little bit bigger.Yeah. 新的外壳会大一点.是的.
And that's how they grow.Yeah. 这就是他们成长的方式.是的.
And there's sea anemones here,as well.See them? 这里还有海葵.看到他们了吗?
There's a red one there and a sort of brownish one there. 那里有一个红色的,还有一种棕色的.
Yeah,these are beadlet anemones. 是的,这些是小胡子海葵.
These are quite interesting as well, 这些也很有趣,
because they catch their prey with stinging cells. 因为它们用刺细胞捕捉猎物.
There's a little ring in beadlet anemones of 贝德莱特海葵里有个小戒指.
sort of blue tiny little warts, 一种蓝色的小疣,
and that's where the stinging cells are. 那就是刺痛的细胞所在.
And once we've got this anemone out of water, 一旦我们把海葵从水里弄出来,
it just looks like a blob of jelly,doesn't it? Straight away. 它看起来就像一团果冻,不是吗?马上.
It pulls its tentacles in to keep itself moist, 它把触手拉进来保持湿润,
stop itself drying out.Well,I don't want you drying out,boy. 停止自身干燥.我不想让你干涸,孩子.
I'll stick him back in there,give him a bit of freedom there. 我会把他放回去,给他一点自由.
The wealth of sea life around the Welsh coast is remarkable. 威尔士海岸周围丰富的海洋生物是显着的.
And we do have some very knowledgeable experts 我们确实有一些知识渊博的专家
that spend a lot of time exploring the sea 花了很多时间探索大海
and discovering some quite extraordinary species 发现一些非常特别的物种
living below the surface. 生活在地表以下.
In 2013,I was taken 20 metres down to the sea bottom by Rohan Holt, 2013年,我被洛汗*霍尔特带到海底20米处,
near Gwylan Islands off the Llyn Peninsula, 靠近Llyn半岛的Gwylan群岛,
to see a rare burrowing creature. 看到一种罕见的穴居生物.
We were looking for a mantis shrimp - 我们在找螳螂虾 -
a crustacean that has claws that resembles the front legs 一种甲壳类动物,它的爪子类似于前腿
of the insect,the praying mantis. 昆虫,螳螂.
How on earth Rohan knew it was there 洛汗到底是怎么知道它在那里的
and that he could find it is remarkable in itself. 他发现这本身就很了不起.
It's generally a Mediterranean species. 它通常是地中海物种.
And in Britain,they're only found here in Cardigan Bay, 在英国,它们只在卡迪根湾发现,
and some parts of the south coast of England. 还有英格兰南部海岸的一些地方.
They may have spread north as a result of recent climate change 由于最近的气候变化,它们可能已经向北传播
and the possible warming up of the sea, 还有可能的海水变暖,
but they may have always been here 但他们可能一直都在这里
and we simply hadn't found them before. 我们以前根本没有找到他们.
Ah! I think this might be one. 啊!我想这可能是一个.
Yeah,it looks like it.Here's the other end now. 是的,看起来像.这是另一端.
Ah,right! OK,yeah,I've got you. 啊,对!好的,我抓住你了.
There's a U-shaped burrow underneath here. 下面有一个U形的洞穴.
It goes down about seven or eight inches. 它下降了大约七八英寸.
And if there's a mantis shrimp in the burrow, 如果洞穴里有螳螂虾,
it might just pop out near the side any second. 它可能随时会从侧面弹出.
Ah,fantastic! 啊,太棒了!
Oh,look at that! Wow! 哦,看那个!哇塞!
Ow! Ow! Ow! Ow! Ow! Ow! 噢!噢!噢!噢!噢!噢!
They've got this amazing array of very sharp spines... 他们有一大串非常锋利的刺...
Ah,yeah,I see...on the back end of these things. 啊,是的,我明白了...在这些东西的后端.
And they can inflict pain,even through... 他们可以造成痛苦,甚至通过...
Ow! ..my gloves. 噢!..我的手套.
Honestly? So,when you pick him up,he'll kick at you with that 说实话?所以,当你把他抱起来的时候,他会用那个踢你的
and those will penetrate gloves and penetrate the skin? 那些会穿透手套,穿透皮肤?
Oh,yes,definitely. 哦,是的,当然.
This is actually quite a small one. 这实际上是一个相当小的.
Do we know how many there are here? 我们知道这里有多少人吗?
Well,when we did a survey of them a few years ago, 几年前我们做了一个调查,
we were finding that there's around about 我们发现周围有
up to about sort of two to three burrows per square metre 每平方米大约有两到三个洞穴
in the densest part of the area. 在该地区最密集的部分.
So,you know,there's thousands of them. 所以,你知道,有成千上万的人.
So why this part of Wales and nowhere else? 那么,为什么这部分威尔士和其他地方?
Why not in southern Cardigan Bay? 为什么不在南开襟羊毛衫湾呢?
Well,I think in Cardigan Bay,during the summer, 嗯,我想在开襟羊毛衫湾,在夏天,
water temperatures get up to 19 degrees at times. 水温有时高达19度.
And these little guys,being from the Mediterranean, 还有这些来自地中海的小家伙,
they really like their sort of thermal,sort of warm bath 他们真的很喜欢热水澡
that Cardigan Bay becomes during the summer. 那个开襟羊毛衫湾在夏天变成了.
There he is.Look at that! 他在这儿.你看!
That is the mantis shrimp. 那是螳螂虾.
A Mediterranean species 地中海物种
now basking off the coast of Pwllheli. 现在在普威尔赫利海岸晒太阳.
Why it's here? Don't ask me.Nobody really knows. 它为什么在这里?别问我.没有人真正知道.
But there he is,the mantis shrimp. 但他在那里,螳螂虾.
And although the front end looks dangerous, 虽然前端看起来很危险,
with these praying mantis-like claws, 用这些螳螂般的爪子,
it's the tail end,that end there, 这是尾端,那头,
that's the one you've got to be careful of. 这是你必须小心的.
That's the end that does all the damage. 这就是造成所有伤害的结局.
Amazing thing! 太神奇了!
Right,off you go,boy. 好了,走吧,孩子.
Here he is,look! He's come back to see me! 他来了,看!他回来看我了!
Hello,boy.You're supposed to go down now,not up. 你好,孩子.你现在应该下去,而不是上去.
Get down.Come on,get down. 趴下快点,趴下.
He'll probably go and burrow,find a new burrow, 他可能会去挖洞,找到一个新的挖洞,
or make a new burrow himself. 或者自己做一个新的洞穴.
That was a fascinating shrimp.Really fascinating. 那是一只迷人的虾.真的很迷人.
To think that,you know,it's just out here,in north Cardigan Bay. 想想,你知道,就在这里,在北卡迪根湾.
It's called the Mediterranean shrimp, 它叫地中海虾,
but we know that it's always been in the south of England, 但我们知道它一直在英格兰南部,
just off the coast there. 就在海边.
And how long it's been here,we simply don't know. 它在这里多久了,我们根本不知道.
Is it global warming? 是全球变暖吗?
One thing we do know is the fact that it's very shallow out here, 我们知道的一件事是这里很浅,
so the sea does warm up. 所以海水确实变暖了.
So that's probably why the shrimp does so well here. 所以这可能就是虾在这里做得这么好的原因.
Now,I've come to Criccieth Beach - 现在,我来到了克里奇斯海滩 -
you can see the castle behind me here - 你可以在这里看到我身后的城堡 -
and I've actually dived off shore here at night. 我晚上在这里潜水.
And just like on land,the creatures you see after dusk 就像在陆地上,你在黄昏后看到的生物
are very different to the ones you see by day. 和你白天看到的非常不同.
Animals that rest by day usually become active as soon as they can 白天休息的动物通常会尽快活跃起来
when the light decreases 当光线减少时
and the possibility of them being seen by predators reduces. 它们被掠食者看到的可能性降低了.
Like watching wildlife on land, 就像在陆地上看野生动物一样,
between dusk and total darkness is often the best time. 在黄昏和完全黑暗之间往往是最好的时间.
We dive soon after sunset. 日落后不久我们就潜水了.
Our lights are visible in the sea. 我们的灯光在海里是可见的.
The seabed near Criccieth is sand. Criccieth附近的海底是沙子.
A swimming crab is out looking for food. 一只游蟹出去找食物.
This curious creature,covered with what looks like hair, 这个奇怪的生物,复盖着看起来像头发的东西,
is a sea mouse. 是海鼠.
It's actually a distant relative of the earthworm,and it too 它实际上是蚯蚓的远亲,它也是
is scavenging for remains of dead animals on the seabed. 在海底寻找死亡动物的遗骸.
This broadnosed pipefish is using its tiny fins 这种宽鼻子的琵琶鱼正在使用它的小鳍
to keep its front end steady as it swims. 在游泳时保持前端稳定.
Its movement isn't particularly agile 它的运动不是特别敏捷
because it has an armoured,rigid body. 因为它有一个装甲的刚体.
Usually by day,these things 通常白天,这些东西
are hiding away in amongst sea grass or seaweed, 躲在海草或海草中,
virtually invisible. 几乎看不见.
And here they are at night,out in the open,like... 他们晚上在这里,在外面,就像...
Well,like small eels,really. 就像小鳗鱼,真的.
A lot of these will be coming out at night now 现在很多东西会在晚上出来
in order to avoid the bigger fish. 为了避免更大的鱼.
Hermit crab here. 寄居蟹在这里.
Common enough,but by day,usually hidden in the shell. 足够常见,但白天,通常隐藏在壳中.
And then,at night,they come out and forage. 然后,到了晚上,他们出来觅食.
And of course,when it grows, 当然,当它成长的时候,
it'll move out of one shell into a bigger shell. 它会从一个壳中移到一个更大的壳中.
This one has almost outgrown this shell already. 这个已经快超过这个外壳了.
Been feeding on all kinds of organic material from the seabed. 以海底的各种有机物为食
If there's anything dead,a dead fish or another dead crab, 如果有什么死了,一条死鱼或另一条死蟹,
it'll come and scavenge on that as well. 它也会来清理的.
That's a big one.I'll show you...I'll put my hand in by him 那是个大问题.我给你看...我要把手伸到他身边
just to show you and give you some idea of the size. 只是为了给你看,给你一些尺寸的概念.
Oh,off he goes! 哦,他走了!
While Criccieth sleeps,the sea offshore is busy. 当Criccieth睡觉时,离岸的大海很忙.
A sea around Wales is a fascinating place,even after dark. 威尔士周围的海洋是一个迷人的地方,即使在天黑之后.
Do you know,I actually prefer night dives,cos once you're down there, 你知道吗,我其实更喜欢夜潜,因为一旦你在那里,
you're never quite sure what you're going to bump into. 你永远不知道你会遇到什么.
And it's amazing to think that all of that is going on 想到这一切都在发生,真是太神奇了
when we're tucked up in bed. 当我们躺在床上的时候.
Well,I'll be back again with some more highlights from the archives. 好吧,我会带着档案里的更多亮点回来的.
In the meantime,here are a few singing birds to keep you going. 与此同时,这里有一些唱歌的鸟让你继续前进.
You know,when we think of birdsong, 当我们想到鸟鸣时,
we tend to think of really tuneful songs, 我们倾向于认为真正的调谐歌曲,
like the melodious songs of robins and blackbirds, 就像知更鸟和黑鸟悠扬的歌声,
or maybe even a skylark. 或者甚至是云雀.
But not all birds sing like that.This is a whitethroat. 但并不是所有的鸟都这样唱歌.这是白色的.
It's a little warbler that's just come all the way back from Africa. 这是一只从非洲远道而来的小莺.
And he keeps singing from this songpost that he's got here. 他一直在这里唱着歌.
In this case,it's an old bit of bramble. 在这种情况下,这是一个古老的荆棘.
And his song is what you could call,at best,a scratchy song. 他的歌充其量就是一首刺耳的歌.
But it obviously works. 但它显然有效.
Tea-cher,tea-cher,tea-cher.Can you hear that? 茶雪儿,茶雪儿,茶雪儿.你能听到吗?
That's a great tit.There's one up here. 这是一个伟大的山雀.上面有一个.
That's a male wood warbler 那是一只雄性木莺
singing here to attract a mate. 在这里唱歌是为了吸引伴侣.
And when he sings,when he comes down...like that, 当他唱歌的时候,当他下来的时候...像那样,
he puts so much effort into it, 他为此付出了很大的努力,
you can see his whole body shake. 你可以看到他全身都在摇晃.
Fantastic little birds.They're lovely little birds. 奇妙的小鸟.它们是可爱的小鸟.
And every now and again,he'll stick his head out and go, 时不时地,他会把头伸出去,
yuk,yuk,yuk,yuk,yuk,yuk,yuk,yuk,yuk. 缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧缧
He's trying to give 他想给
a good impression of himself to the females. 一个良好的印象,自己的女性.
So he's making his repertoire of calls 所以他在打他的电话
as complex as he possibly can. 尽可能复杂.
And what he's doing is,he's stealing bits from other birds. 他在做的是,他在偷其他鸟的东西.
The birds that he hears around him. 他周围听到的鸟.
And the communication between them is amazing. 他们之间的交流是惊人的.
You hear them,little bits of chattering. 你听到他们的声音了,小小的喋喋不休.
I don't know what they're saying. 我不明白他们在说什么.
Probably one's saying,"Listen,time to go to the cafe now," 也许有人在说,"听着,现在该去咖啡馆了,"
or "Time to go,Mrs Evans is putting out food." 或者"该走了,埃文斯夫人正在摆食物."
And here's a taste of 这里有一个
what I'll be digging up from the archives next time. 下次我要从档案里挖出来的东西.
They reckon some of these may well come from Pembrokeshire. 他们估计其中一些很可能来自彭布罗克郡.
Just to hole up,to mature,I suppose,and to feed. 我想只是为了躲起来,为了成熟,为了喂养.
Well,as you can see,they're,um...they're not starving. 正如你所看到的,他们是...他们没有挨饿.
They're big birds.It's only when you've got them in the hand 它们很大birds.It只有当你手里拿着它们的时候
you realise how big they are. 你知道它们有多大.
Yeah,exactly.And a vicious beak. 是的,没错.还有一只恶毒的喙.
Yeah. 是的.
I was a bit worried! 我有点担心!
Rock pipits haven't got a good song,they're not colourful birds. 摇滚琵琶没有一首好歌,它们不是五颜六色的鸟.
So what they do is they display, 所以他们所做的就是展示,
by going up into the air. 升到空中.
This is where you've got to be very,very careful. 这就是你必须非常非常小心的地方.
And this nest on the cliff here has got 悬崖上的这个巢穴
six beautiful blue-green eggs. 六个漂亮的蓝绿色鸡蛋.
This is Newborough Warren on Anglesey. 我是安格尔西的纽伯勒*沃伦.
It's a really large system of sand dunes. 这是一个非常大的沙丘系统.
And we're very lucky here in Wales,in that we've got 我们在威尔士很幸运,因为我们有
some pristine sand dunes scattered here and there, 一些原始的沙丘散落在这里和那里,
all along the coast,and over the last 25 years,I've filmed 在过去的25年里,我一直在海岸边拍摄
some really cool wildlife for BBC Wales in dunes just like this. BBC威尔士在沙丘上的一些非常酷的野生动物就像这样.
We've filmed sand lizards being released at dunes near Aberdyfi. 我们已经拍摄了沙蜥蜴在阿伯迪菲附近的沙丘上被释放.
We've filmed the rare Vernal 我们拍摄了罕见的春日
mining bee colony on sand dunes 在沙丘上采矿蜂群
at Oxwich on the Gower. 在高塔上的奥克斯维奇.
And also,some very beautiful 还有一些非常漂亮的
scarce plants as well. 稀缺植物为好.
And birds will also nest in sand dunes,and a few years ago, 鸟类也会在沙丘上筑巢,几年前,
we filmed skylarks on sand dunes at Gronant,near Prestatyn. 我们在Prestatyn附近的Gronant的沙丘上拍摄了云雀.
I don't think many songs can compete with the song of the skylark. 我认为很多歌曲都无法与云雀之歌相提并论.
It's a busy time for them now,it's very early spring, 现在对他们来说是一个繁忙的时间,这是一个很早的春天,
and the males are just 雄性是正义的
setting up territories.You see them every now and again, 设立领土.你不时地看到他们,
chasing each other round,but more than anything else, 互相追逐,但比什么都重要,
they'll sing and they'll climb 他们会唱歌,他们会爬
and climb and climb and sing and sing and sing,and it's like 爬,爬,唱,唱,唱,就像
a competition for them,see which one can do the most complicated 他们的竞争,看看哪一个能做得最复杂
song and climb the highest. 歌和攀登最高.
And it's important that they do that 他们这样做是很重要的
because the territory that they establish now 因为他们现在建立的领土
has got to sustain not just them, 不仅要维持他们的生存,
but their mate and a family as well.And that's why you'll get them, 但他们的伴侣和一个家庭也是如此.这就是为什么你会得到它们,
lots of them,not just this one,but there are dozens of them here, 很多,不仅仅是这个,还有很多,
singing away,all the way through spring,into summer, 唱着歌,一路穿过春天,进入夏天,
almost into the autumn as well.It's a lovely sound. 几乎到了秋天well.It这是一个可爱的声音.
Skylarks have incorporated their song into an aerial display. 云雀将他们的歌曲融入了空中展示.
The males attract the females 雄性吸引雌性
by literally falling from the sky. 从天而降.
And they'll do it over and over again, 他们会一遍又一遍地做,
even when a female has been found, 即使发现了一只雌性,
to keep her and keep the territory. 留着她,留着领地.
The variety of calls that birds make 鸟类发出的各种叫声
is quite extraordinary. 非常不寻常.
During 2010,I went to Newborough Forest,near Llanddwyn Island, 2010年,我去了兰德温岛附近的纽伯勒森林,
on the west coast of Anglesey, 在安格尔西的西海岸,
to hear the amazing calls that ravens make. 听到乌鸦发出的惊人的呼唤.
At the time,around 800 ravens 当时,大约有800只乌鸦
roosted at night in the conifer trees here. 晚上栖息在这里的针叶树上.
It was one of the biggest raven roosts in Britain 它是英国最大的乌鸦栖息地之一
and a great opportunity 还有一个很好的机会
to hear their astonishing calls. 听到他们惊人的呼唤.
During the day,they scavenge the surrounding land of Anglesey 白天,他们清理周围的安格尔西土地
and Gwynedd for food. 还有格温妮德的食物.
And at dusk,they return to Newborough for the security 黄昏时分,他们回到纽伯勒去保安
and relative warmth of the forest. 和森林的相对温暖.
As they arrived and occupied roosting positions in the trees, 当他们到达并在树上占据栖息的位置时,
they called to each other. 他们互相呼唤.
I've sneaked in below the trees, 我偷偷溜进树下,
right at the edge of the roost now. 就在栖息的边缘.
The main roost is away to my left, 主要的栖息在我的左边,
but there are a few very vocal birds away to my right as well. 但在我的右边也有几只声音很大的鸟.
Listen to these noises. 听听这些声音.
They say that ravens have more than 30 different calls 他们说乌鸦有30多个不同的电话
and I can well believe it. 我完全可以相信.
It's a kind of language,really. 这是一种语言,真的.
A language that we don't understand,but a language nonetheless. 一种我们不懂的语言,但仍然是一种语言.
Constantly communicating with each other. 不断地相互交流.
And some of these noises are just so weird. 有些声音太奇怪了.
Ravens have the widest range of calls of any bird... 乌鸦的叫声范围最广...
..and it's even thought that they may be using some of these calls ..甚至有人认为他们可能正在使用其中的一些电话
to share information with close relatives about feeding sites, 与近亲分享有关饲养地点的资料,
as family members tend to roost together. 作为家庭成员往往栖息在一起.
Such cool birds,aren't they,ravens? I do like them a lot. 这么酷的鸟,不是吗,乌鸦?我确实很喜欢它们.
But the bad news is that raven numbers in this roost 但坏消息是乌鸦在这个栖息处
in Newborough have declined,but it's for good reason, 在纽伯勒已经下降,但这是有充分理由的,
in a way,because they've now increased all over the country 在某种程度上,因为他们现在已经在全国各地增加
and what they've found is that they're forming smaller roosts, 他们发现它们正在形成更小的栖息地,
scattered throughout Wales and also over into England now too. 现在也分散在威尔士和英格兰.
And in my 25 years filming wildlife for BBC Wales,I've filmed 在我为BBC威尔士拍摄野生动物的25年里,我拍摄过
ravens many times and I can clearly remember the very first time. 乌鸦很多次,我可以清楚地记得第一次.
It was way back in 1999,when we were filming the wildlife of 那是在1999年,当我们拍摄野生动物的时候.
slate quarries in North Wales. 北威尔士的石板采石场.
It's also a very early nester and it does this 它也是一个非常早期的内斯特,它这样做
because it needs chicks in the nest at the peak of lambing time. 因为它需要雏鸟在羔羊时间的高峰期.
It'll lay its eggs in February or early March 它会在二月或三月初产卵
and the chicks hatch a month later because,at that time, 雏鸟在一个月后孵化,因为那时,
there's a plentiful food supply in the form of afterbirth, 以胞胎的形式有充足的食物供应,
lambs and even dead ewes. 羔羊,甚至死母羊.
Let's go and see what's in the nest below me. 我们去看看我下面的窝里有什么.
This is where you've got to be very,very careful,cos they nest, 这就是你必须非常非常小心的地方,因为它们筑巢,
build this huge bundle of sticks lined with wool, 建立这个巨大的捆棍棒内衬羊毛,
and this nest on the cliff here has got one,two,three,four, 悬崖上的鸟巢有一,二,三,四,
five,six beautiful blue-green eggs 五、六个漂亮的蓝绿色鸡蛋
tucked in amongst the wool. 藏在羊毛里.
Right,better get out 好吧,最好出去
and let the mother come back. 让母亲回来.
Ravens weren't the only thing that I found in the quarry that day. 乌鸦不是我那天在采石场发现的唯一东西.
Much less visible are some of the plants that you'll see 你会看到的一些植物就不那么显眼了
hanging on to dear life. 紧紧抓住亲爱的生活.
This little one down here,for example,is the English stonecrop. 这里的这个小家伙,比如说,就是英国的石匠.
I'm afraid there's no Welsh equivalent to it. 恐怕没有威尔士人能和它相提并论.
Up on the ledges,out of the way of the munching 在壁架上,远离咀嚼的方式
mouths of the sheep,we've got heather. 羊的嘴,我们有希瑟.
And up here... 还有这里...
..this little plant basks ..这种小植物晒太阳
in the glory of the name 在名的荣耀里
the maidenhair spleenwort. 梅登海尔*斯普林沃特.
I can just imagine two maidenhair spleenworts getting together, 我可以想象两个少女们聚在一起,
one saying to the other one,"Come back to my place," 一个对另一个说,"回到我的地方,"
and he brings her back to this slab of rock. 他把她带回这块石头.
I know a lot of women who would not be too impressed with that. 我认识很多女人,她们不会对此印象太深.
Slate quarries have become excellent places for wildlife 石板采石场已成为野生动物的绝佳去处
over the past 50 years or so,since mining has stopped. 在过去的50年左右,因为采矿已经停止.
They've also become World Heritage Sites 它们也成为世界遗产
because of their historical importance. 因为它们的历史重要性.
And my filming over the years hasn't always been to see wildlife. 我这些年的拍摄并不总是看野生动物.
It was sometimes to see fantastic scenery. 有时是为了看到美妙的风景.
In 2011,I was taken by two cavers,John Osbourne and Roger Sexton, 2011年,我被两个洞穴人,约翰*奥斯本和罗杰*塞克斯顿带走了,
to see an extraordinary quarry 看到一个非凡的采石场
near Blaenau Ffestiniog. 在Blaenau Ffestiniog附近.
The mine has many miles of tunnels 该矿有许多英里的隧道
and hundreds of chambers. 还有几百个房间.
These would be the trollies to carry out the slate? 这些会是执行石板的巨魔吗?
They would have been to take out waste. 他们本来是要清除废物的.
Mind the big drop on the right.Oh,yeah. 注意右边的大滴.哦,是的.
It's full of old tracks,tools and machinery... 它充满了旧的轨道,工具和机械...
..and there are many treacherous dead ends. ..而且还有很多奸诈的死胡同.
Dangerous place again,isn't it? 又是个危险的地方,不是吗?
Long way down there.That way. 下面很长一段路.那边.
The mine began its life during 矿开始了它的生命.
the first part of the 19th century, 19世纪的第一部分,
with over 500 men employed at its peak. 在鼎盛时期有500多名男子受雇.
All this machinery,just lying around. 所有这些机器,就在附近.
The work gradually dwindled during the first half of the 20th century, 这项工作在20世纪上半叶逐渐减少,
due to the decline of the slate industry, 由于石板行业的衰落,
and finally ended around 30 years ago. 最后在30年前结束了.
What I find incredible is that they had to bring all of this down here 我觉得不可思议的是,他们不得不把这一切都带到这里来
in the first place.We must be 100ft down by now,and more. 首先.我们现在必须在100英尺以下,还有更多.
And it weighs tonnes,and they've put it all together...Yeah. 它很重,他们把所有的东西都放在一起了...是的.
..and it looks as if they've just left it, ..看起来好像他们刚离开,
as if they were expecting to come back on the Monday morning again 好像他们期待着周一早上再次回来
but,for some reason,that's it. 但是,出于某种原因,就是这样.
The mine has many levels, 该矿有很多层次,
and the deeper you descend, 你下降得越深,
the wetter it gets. 越潮湿.
With the water pumps switched off, 水泵关闭后,
the quarry constantly fills with water. 采石场不断充满水.
Oh,wow! 哦,哇!
Some of the chambers created by 一些由
the quarrymen are enormous. quarrymen是巨大的.
Wow,what a place! 哇,多好的地方!
What a place to come and work! It is impressive. 多么适合来工作的地方啊! 令人印象深刻.
So,would there have been many workers on this face here? 那么,这张脸上会有很多工人吗?
As I understand it,no.It would have been one,possibly two, 据我所知no.It 可能是一个,可能是两个,
just on the face at one time,with 只是一次在脸上,与
a couple of helpers down on the floor. 地板上有几个帮手.
That would have been generations of work,just to dig this one chamber. 这将是几代人的工作,只是为了挖掘这一个房间.
Yeah.Each shot hole was hours of work.It was all done by hand. 是的.每个射孔都是几个小时的work.It 都是手工完成的.
Incredible.It's an incredible achievement. Incredible.It这是一个令人难以置信的成就.
And deadly work as well,sometimes,wasn't it? Very. 还有致命的工作,有时,不是吗?非常.
This mine had an entertaining nickname of the Slaughterhouse. 这个矿场有个有趣的绰号叫屠宰场.
Was it called the Slaughterhouse? Yeah.Ah! 它叫屠宰场吗?是的.啊!
I've walked the moors above here many a time and I just didn't 我在上面的荒原上走了很多次,但我没有
realise that I was really walking over what's now a hollow mountain. 意识到我真的走过了现在的一座空心山.
Incredible.Absolutely amazing place. 难以置信.绝对令人惊叹的地方.
Tell you what,light the flares, 告诉你,点燃照明弹,
let's see just how big it is. 让我们看看它有多大.
Staggering,really,when you think about the amount of work 令人震惊,真的,当你想到工作量的时候
that went in to quarrying out sometimes a whole mountain. 有时还要挖出一整座山.
There's another one here,this one is granite. 这里还有一个,这个是花岗岩.
This one is Trefor Quarry, 这个是Trefor Quarry,
on the Llyn Peninsula. 在Llyn半岛.
And the slate then went from ports 然后石板就从港口出来了
all around the North Wales coast,all over the world,really. 整个北威尔士海岸,世界各地,真的.
Places like the USA,South America,Australia,New Zealand, 美国、南美、澳大利亚、新西兰等地,
South Africa.There's a saying that Welsh slate at that time 南非.当时有句俗语说威尔士石板
literally roofed the world.Some,unfortunately,didn't make it. 从字面上屋顶的世界.不幸的是,有些没能成功.
Some didn't even make it past the headland beyond Nefyn,behind me. 有些人甚至没有通过Nefyn以外的岬角,在我身后.
And there's one ship still lying out here on the seabed, 还有一艘船还躺在海底,
and when we filmed Welsh Sea a few years ago, 几年前我们拍摄威尔士海的时候,
I dived down to have a look at it. 我下潜去看看它.
This is all Welsh slate. 这都是威尔士石板.
The ship itself has all but gone, 船本身几乎已经消失了,
just a few bits and bobs remaining, 只剩下几块和几块,
but the slate is still here and no-one really knows 但石板还在这里,没有人真正知道
where this ship was from or where it was going to,they don't know 他们不知道这艘船是从哪里来的,也不知道它要去哪里
the name of the ship,but they have found a few Irish coins here, 船的名字,但他们在这里发现了一些爱尔兰硬币,
so the thinking is that it was on its way probably out of 所以人们的想法是,它可能已经离开了
Caernarfon,maybe,or maybe Bangor,taking Welsh slate over to Ireland. 卡纳芬,也许,也许是班戈,把威尔士石板带到爱尔兰.
The slates were en route to make a few Welsh landlords wealthy, 这些石板正准备让一些威尔士地主富裕起来,
but they failed to complete 但他们没能完成
their journey and,instead,helped 他们的旅程,相反,帮助
to improve the wealth of the sea. 以提高海的财富.
Usually,it's the ship that forms 通常,形成的是船
an artificial reef that all these... 一个人造礁,所有这些...
the seaweeds and the plants and the fish living on it.But in this case, 海藻、植物和生活在它上面的鱼.但在这种情况下,
the ship has long gone. 船早就走了.
It's 150 years old now. 现在已经150岁了.
And it's the cargo,the slate,that has formed 是货物,石板,形成了
this artificial reef,which is absolutely alive with wildlife. 这个人工礁,这是绝对活着的野生动物.
You've got lobsters,you've got starfish and sponges 你有龙虾,你有海星和海绵
and all kinds of fish. 还有各种各样的鱼.
Many of the fish are wrasses. 许多鱼是濑鱼.
There are two species here. 这里有两种.
The ones with a black dot 那些有黑点的
are goldsinny wrasse. 是金色的濑鱼.
Those with black-and-white stripes 那些有黑白条纹的
are female cuckoo wrasse. 是雌性杜鹃花.
There are also big sholes of pouting. 还有很大的撅嘴.
The artificial slate reef 人造板岩礁
is a magnet for feeding fish. 是一块用来喂鱼的磁铁.
Crates of slates are lying 板条箱的石板躺着
just as they were stacked 就像它们被叠起来一样
over 150 years ago. 150多年前.
They're great hiding places for crabs, 它们是螃蟹的藏身之处,
lobsters and all kinds of sea life. 龙虾和各种海洋生物.
Over the years,I've spent a lot 这些年来,我花了很多钱
of time either in or on the sea 时间在海上或海上
for my BBC series. 为我的BBC系列节目.
On this occasion,I was with lobster fisherman Mickey Beachy, 在这个场合,我和龙虾渔夫米奇*比奇在一起,
off the coast of Llangrannog,in Cardigan Bay. 在兰格兰诺海岸,卡迪根湾.
Oh,hello! Hello! 哦,你好!你好!
Two nice ones in here.Oh,nice ones! Look at this! 这里有两个不错的.哦,不错的!看看这个!
Oh,nice! That's definitely big enough,isn't it? That's a keeper. 哦,太好了!那肯定够大了,不是吗?那是个守门员.
Yeah,that's a keeper,aye.It's a good one, 是啊,那是个守门员aye.It这是个好主意,
isn't it? Oh,look at that.Look at the size on that. 不是吗?哦,看那个.看看上面的尺寸.
Do you want to band him for me? Aye,go on,then. 你想帮我把他绑起来吗?好的,那就走吧.
Over that knuckle,there.Yeah. 在那个指关节上.是的.
That's it...Oh,not too far. 就这样...哦,不太远.
It turned out that I wasn't 原来我不是
a particularly good hand on the boat. 船上的一只特别好的手.
And slide him off,is it? 把他滑下来,是吗?
That's it.Is that all right? That'll do. 那是it.Is 这样可以吗?那就行了.
Yeah.Not the best job,was it? It was all right. 是的.不是最好的工作,对吧?没关系.
No,it wasn't the best job,cos he's just had me now! Has he? 不,这不是最好的工作,因为他现在刚拥有我!他有吗?
Careful not to swear! There? 小心不要发誓!那里?
That's it.Right,on there.That's better,isn't it? 就这样.对,在那里.这样更好,不是吗?
Let me move this back a bit.That's what you get if you're not careful. 让我把这个往后挪一点.如果你不小心,这就是你得到的.
Oh,is it? Yeah.Is that off him,was it? 哦,是吗?Yeah.Is 是他干的,对吧?
Yeah,off his cutting arm,that is. 是的,从他的切割臂上砍下来.
And stick him in with the others. 让他和其他人在一起.
Keep them... 留着吧...
Now,is this one big enough? 这个够大吗?
I don't know,he looks small to me. 不知道,我觉得他很小.
I'll measure him now.Yeah. 我现在就量一下他.是的.
He is within size.Yeah.Yeah. 他的体型很大.是的.是的.
How old is that going to be? 那要多大了?
He's within the size...Right,yeah. 他在大小之内...对,是的.
..so he'd be seven years old.Cos I've seen... ..所以他七岁了.因为我见过...
I remember being with a fisherman,catching a massive one 我记得和一个渔夫在一起,抓着一个大渔夫
and he reckoned that one would have been about 60 or 70 years old. 他估计一个人大概有六七十岁了.
Yeah,probably. 是的,可能吧.
Within that size,to grow a millimetre more than that, 在那个尺寸内,长一毫米以上,
I think,a millimetre after then takes three years. 我想,一毫米之后需要三年.
Is it three years? So...So,when it's got to this big... 是三年吗?So...So,当它有这么大的时候...
It's got to be...it's an old,old lobster,isn't it,then? 它必须be...it这是一只老龙虾,对吧?
Yeah. 是的.
I also went on a boat on the Dee Estuary, 我还在迪河口上了一艘船,
between Flint and the Wirral. 在弗林特和威拉尔之间.
This time,I was with Keith Marland, 这次我和Keith Marland在一起,
who'd been cockle fishing on the mud flats for over 30 years. 他在泥滩上钓鱼已经有30多年了.
Cockles are one of the main food items of the birds on the estuary, 公鸡是河口鸟类的主要食物之一,
and I wanted to find out if 我想知道
there was any conflict of interest. 有任何利益冲突.
Is there a season now,then,for the cockles? 那么,现在有一个季节吗?
The season,as it stands,is July 目前的季节是七月
till the end of December.Last year, 直到12月底.去年,
the quota was 300 kilos per day. 配额是每天300公斤.
300 kilos a day,per person? Yeah. 每人每天300公斤?是的.
There's 50 licences,with an option 有50个许可证,有一个选项
to have four apprentice cocklers. 有四个公鸡学徒.
And there's enough cockles on here, 这里有足够的公鸡,
you say,for the birds, 你说,为了鸟儿,
for the people and for next year? 为了人民和明年?
Yeah,rule of thumb is 是的,经验法则是
a third for the birds, 第三只鸟,
a third for the cockle fishermen and a third for stock. 三分之一是钓鱼者,三分之一是鱼.
And the boat,why do you use the boats for cockling? 还有船,你为什么用船来作鸟鸣?
Well,you're basically working on an island,you know, 你基本上是在一个岛上工作,你知道的,
so you come early on in the tide, 所以你在潮水中来得早,
put the boat,dry it out on the top of the bank,and then cockle. 把船放在岸上,把它弄干,然后把船翻过来.
Load the boat,then wait for the tide to come back in. 装上船,然后等潮水回来.
So you work between tides,really? Yeah.Yeah. 所以你在潮汐之间工作,真的吗?是的.是的.
Should see some birds on these banks as well. 也应该在这些银行看到一些鸟.
Should be oystercatchers and a few redshank,maybe. 也许应该是牡蛎和一些红杉.
I'll take you over to this Middle Salisbury and let's have a look. 我带你去索尔兹伯里中部看看.
Yeah,see what's there.There's usually oystercatchers, 是啊,看看那里有什么.通常有牡蛎,
feeding on the mussels there. 以贻贝为食.
Spending much of his time on the estuary, 他把大部分时间都花在河口上,
Keith knows the favourite locations of the birds, 基思知道这些鸟最喜欢的地方,
and he also wanted to show me another special wildlife attraction. 他还想给我看另一个特别的野生动物景点.
The Dee Estuary is one of the few places 迪河口是为数不多的地方之一
on the Welsh coast that grey seals 在威尔士海岸,灰色的海豹
haul up on sand banks. 拖到沙洲上.
Seals are usually very wary 海豹通常非常谨慎
of people and move quickly to water 的人,并迅速移动到水
if anyone ventures too close,but these seals 如果有人冒险太近,但是这些海豹
are very used to fishermen and their boats. 很习惯渔民和他们的船.
Nevertheless,we'll keep 不过,我们会保留
our distance to avoid any disturbance. 我们的距离,以避免任何干扰.
Fascinating creatures. 迷人的生物.
They are.They are. 事实确实如此.事实确实如此.
Some in the water as well. 还有一些在水里.
See their heads bobbing up and down? 看到他们的头上下摆动了吗?
Oh,yeah.They reckon... 哦,是的.他们估计...
There's a lady doing some research on them 有位女士在调查他们
and they reckon some of these may well come 他们认为其中的一些很可能会出现
from Pembrokeshire, 从彭布罗克郡,
all the way round the Welsh coast. 一直绕着威尔士海岸.
They come here just to haul up, 他们来这里只是为了拖货,
to mature,I suppose,and to feed. 我想是为了成熟,为了养活.
Well,as you can see, 嗯,正如你所看到的,
they're not starving.No! 他们不是starving.No!
What have we got here? There's got to be 60,70 here? 我们找到了什么?这里一定有60,70人?
In the summer,they increase.Is it? 400 or 500,they reckon. 在夏天,他们increase.Is 它?他们估计是400或500.
It's a good number,isn't it? Yeah,in the summer... 这是个好数字,不是吗?是的,在夏天...
When do you get peak time,then? When do you get most here? 那你什么时候能达到高峰? 你什么时候来的最多?
July,August time,something like that? 七月,八月的时间,类似的东西?
It's a coincidence,when there's the biggest run of salmon... 这是一个巧合,当有最大的鲑鱼...
..we seem to have a lot of seals. ..我们似乎有很多海豹.
They know,don't they? Of course they do. 他们知道,不是吗?他们当然知道.
They know when's the best time to come here, 他们知道什么时候来这里最好,
they know when's good fishing. 他们知道什么时候钓鱼好.
They probably know you by now! 他们现在可能认识你了!
Yeah,I should imagine,yeah. 是的,我应该想象,是的.
They are a lovely animal,but it's a pity they eat so many fish. 他们是一个可爱的动物,但遗憾的是他们吃了这么多的鱼.
Yeah? Yeah.You don't like them eating your fish? No,no,no. 是吗?是的.你不喜欢他们吃你的鱼吗?不,不,不.
I've never met any fisherman that likes anything 我从未见过任何喜欢任何东西的渔夫
that takes their fish. 这需要他们的鱼.
We do have a fantastic coastline in Wales 我们在威尔士确实有一个奇妙的海岸线
and some wonderful offshore islands,too. 还有一些很棒的近海岛屿.
If I was forced to name my favourite, 如果我被迫说出我最喜欢的名字,
Grassholm Island,off the coast of Pembrokeshire, 蚱蜢岛,彭布罗克郡海岸外,
would be close to the top. 会接近顶部.
It's the site of a fantastic gannet colony 这是一个神奇的塘鹅殖民地的所在地
and one of the biggest in Britain. 也是英国最大的.
I filmed at the colony during my very first BBC series, 在我的第一部BBC系列节目中,我在殖民地拍摄,
which was a documentary following my work with the RSPB. 这是我在RSPB工作后的一部纪录片.
I was helping Ian Bullock 我在帮伊恩*布洛克
who,at the time,was the RSPB warden for Pembrokeshire. 他当时是彭布罗克郡的RSPB监狱长.
We were doing the annual survey of over 100,000 gannets. 我们每年对10万只塘鹅进行调查.
Yeah.Downy.Yeah.Downy. 是的.唐尼.是的.唐尼.
Yeah.Downy.Yeah.Empty.Yeah. 是的.唐尼.是的.空的.是的.
Downy.Yeah.Incubating.Yeah. 唐尼.是的.孵化.是的.
I just wonder how,in all of this,they can come back 我只是想知道,在这一切中,他们怎么能回来呢?
and find their individual nest.That's incredible. 找到它们各自的巢穴.太不可思议了.
If you watch birds which are circling the whole time, 如果你看到一直在盘旋的鸟,
they'll come back over the colony 他们会从殖民地回来的
and one bird will just stall and drop straight onto its nest. 一只鸟会停滞不前,直接落到它的巢上.
Now,if the winds are buffeted,they may land two or three nests out, 现在,如果风被冲击,它们可能会降落两三个巢穴,
then they almost get pecked to death because they've got to 然后他们差点被啄死,因为他们必须这样做
come through all the other nests to get to their mounds. 通过所有其他巢穴到达它们的土堆.
Run the gauntlet.Yeah.So I think it pays the birds to learn to be 运行gauntlet.Yeah.So 我认为鸟儿学习是值得的
accurate.They've got to drop right on the nest. 准确.他们必须直接落在巢上.
Otherwise,they really get poked by their neighbours. 否则,他们真的被邻居戳了.
The gannet is one of the most extraordinary birds. 塘鹅是最非凡的鸟类之一.
One of the basic designs of nature, 大自然的基本设计之一,
they've been around for 60 million years, 它们已经存在了6000万年了,
they are supremely adapted for life at sea 它们非常适合海上生活
and they occur in all 它们发生在所有
the oceans of the world. 世界的海洋.
They come here in the summer to breed,but the rest of the time 它们在夏天来这里繁殖,但其余的时间
when they're away from the colony, 当他们离开殖民地的时候,
they are truly a bird of the open ocean.We know that the gannets here 他们是真正的公海鸟.我们知道这里的塘鹅
will travel up to 200 miles 行程可达200英里
away from their breeding colony to find food,and the perfect food 远离它们的繁殖群去寻找食物,以及完美的食物
for them is a decent-sized mackerel, 对他们来说是一个体面的大小鲭鱼,
and this is typical of Grassholm. 这是典型的蚱蜢.
It's just out on the edge of 它就在......
the south-west tip of Wales, 威尔士西南端,
where there are strong currents and plenty of mixing of tides, 那里有强烈的水流和大量的潮汐混合,
which creates very good fishing for birds and men. 这为鸟类和人类创造了很好的捕鱼.
So a scene like this that we see here at Grassholm, 我们在格拉斯霍尔姆看到的这样一个场景,
this kind of scene has been around for millions of years 这种景象已经存在了数百万年
and there's something just extraordinary about it. 这其中有些不寻常的地方.
It truly is a prehistoric spectacle. 这确实是一个史前奇观.
One of nature's great designs. 大自然的伟大设计之一.
one of the great wildlife spectacles of Britain,I think. 我想是英国最伟大的野生动物景观之一.
I visited Grassholm again around ten years later,on another 大约十年后,我再次访问了Grassholm,在另一个
bird survey.This time,I was with 鸟类调查.这一次,我和
Steve Votier,from Plymouth University, 史蒂夫*沃蒂尔,来自普利茅斯大学,
who was catching and tagging the gannets,to check for 是谁在抓塘鹅,给塘鹅贴上标签,来检查
any declines in the population. 人口的任何下降.
It was a great opportunity to see a gannet in the hand. 这是一个很好的机会看到一只塘鹅在手.
Well done,lads.You've got one. 干得好,小伙子们.你有一个.
Yeah,a lovely one.Probably a third year,actually.A third-year bird? 是啊,一个可爱的.实际上可能是第三年了.三年级的鸟?
Yeah,see all this black in the secondaries 是啊,看到这些黑色的东西
and the tertiaries as well? I tell you what,they're big birds. 还有老三呢?我告诉你,它们是大鸟.
It's only when you've got them in the hand, 只有当你拿到它们的时候,
you realise how big they are. 你知道它们有多大.
Quite a handful,exactly.And a vicious beak! 确切地说,相当多.还有一个恶毒的喙!
Yeah! It's all right,don't worry! 耶!没关系,别担心!
Now,the gannet is a pretty mean creature. 塘鹅是个很卑鄙的生物.
It's Britain's largest sea bird and has a powerful beak 它是英国最大的海鸟,有一个强大的喙
and reinforced skull. 还有加固的头骨.
They've got to be handled with great care. 他们必须小心处理.
One of the things we notice is most birds will have an obvious 我们注意到的一件事是大多数鸟类都会有明显的
nostril on the base of the bill, 账单底部的鼻孔,
but gannets,their nostrils are fused,cos if you're diving into 但是塘鹅,它们的鼻孔融合了,因为如果你潜入
the water,you'll get a head full of sea water.Another thing you'll 水,你会得到一个充满海水的头.另一件事你会
notice in a lot of sea birds is that a lot of them tend to be 在很多海鸟中,注意到很多海鸟往往是
white,albatrosses and fulmars and things like that, 白色,信天翁和fulmars之类的东西,
but they'll often have this dark countershading round the eye. 但他们经常会有这种黑暗的反光镜.
You see that with American footballers.They put a bit of dark 你看到美国足球运动员.他们把一点黑暗
under there,which is meant to let them see the ball a bit better. 在那里,这是为了让他们看到球更好一点.
I think it's just meant to make them 我想这只是为了让他们
look hard,but...I think you're probably... 仔细看,但是...我想你可能是...
Gannets look hard enough,anyway,don't they? 塘鹅看起来已经够硬了,不是吗?
One of the conspicuous things we see on here is obviously 我们在这里看到的一件引人注目的事情显然是
these guys following fishing boats. 这些家伙跟着渔船.
There's much less fat in discarded whitefish like haddock 像黑线鳕这样的废弃白鱼的脂肪要少得多
and all the rest of it than in mackerel and herring,obviously. 很明显,其余的都比鲭鱼和鲱鱼要多.
And there are some theories that that's basically 有一些理论认为这基本上是
jjunk food for them.They're feeding on natural foods, 给他们吃jjunk食物.他们以天然食物为食,
their natural food,like mackerel,for example, 他们的天然食物,比如鲭鱼,
they're going to be heavier 它们会更重
and in better condition than the ones that are just 而且比那些公正的人状况更好
feeding on stuff that's chucked away by these fishing boats. 以这些渔船运走的东西为食.
Yeah,it seems to be that way.Interesting.Yeah. 是啊,好像是那样.有意思.是的.
I used to do this sort of work and it can look a bit monotonous, 我以前做这种工作,看起来有点单调,
but without people painstakingly gathering all of this information, 但如果没有人们煞费苦心地收集所有这些信息,
sometimes,over many years, 有时,经过多年,
we wouldn't know about the changes going on in our natural world. 我们不会知道自然界正在发生的变化.
Cracking birds,gannets,aren't they? 裂鸟,塘鹅,不是吗?
Really beautiful,but you've got to be so careful of that beak. 真的很漂亮,但你得小心那嘴.
I've been bitten by gannets several times and it really does hurt! 我被塘鹅咬了好几次,真的很痛!
And there's some great news as well from Grassholm 还有一些来自蚱蜢的好消息
because the latest survey,in 2015,showed that the population 因为2015年的最新调查显示,人口
has increased to just over 36,000 breeding pairs. 已经增加到36,000对以上.
And there's good news as well from up here on Anglesey 安格尔西也有好消息
because just along the coast from where I am,Ynys Badrig, 因为就在我所在的海岸边,伊尼斯*巴德里格,
it appears that a new gannet colony is just starting up, 看来一个新的塘鹅殖民地刚刚开始,
so that is very,very exciting news. 这是非常非常令人兴奋的消息.
I'll be back with some more wildlife highlights, 我会带着更多的野生动物亮点回来的,
but meantime,here's another little gem for you. 但与此同时,这里还有一个小宝石给你.
This time,a rock pipit on the Anglesey coast. 这一次,安格尔西海岸的一个岩石琵琶.
And rock pipits are one of those birds, 岩石琵琶是其中的一种鸟,
like the skylark we saw at the beginning,that displays by flying 就像我们一开始看到的云雀,通过飞行来显示
high up into the air,and then parachuting back down to Earth. 高高在上,然后跳伞回到地球.
On the east side of Anglesey 在安格尔西的东边
lies the beautiful quiet bay of Fedw Fawr. 位于美丽宁静的Fedw Fawr海湾.
Rock pipits are found here, 这里有岩管,
as they are all along the rocky coasts of Wales. 因为它们都沿着威尔士的岩石海岸.
This is a male.He's claimed a thin band of cliffs as his territory. 这是一个男性.他声称有一条薄薄的悬崖作为他的领地.
If you're going to live here, 如果你要住在这里,
if you're going to establish a territory here,if you're going to 如果你要在这里建立一个领土,如果你要
mate here,then you need to be able to communicate in a particular way. 伴侣在这里,那么你需要能够以特定的方式进行沟通.
Rock pipits haven't got a good song,they're not colourful birds,so what 摇滚琵琶没有一首好歌,它们不是色彩斑斓的鸟,那又怎样呢?
they do is they display,and they display by going up into the air. 他们所做的就是他们展示,他们通过上升到空中来展示.
All pipits do this.They fly high up 所有pipits都这样做.它们飞得很高
in the air,call and just drop. 在空中,打电话,然后放下.
They'll perform this parachute 他们会执行这个降落伞
ritual over and over again. 一遍又一遍的仪式.
And they'll continue to display 他们会继续展示
even when the female has been found. 甚至当女性已经被发现.
And here's a taste of what I'll be digging up next time 这是我下次要挖的东西的味道
from the archives. 从档案中.
Even if it ate all that rabbit 即使它把那只兔子都吃光了
by itself,it will feed it for a day,maybe a day and a half, 就其本身而言,它会养活它一天,也许一天半,
she'll be looking for food again soon after that. 她很快就会再次寻找食物.
Just back down there,I found these. 就在下面,我找到了这些.
That one's a spongey bum. 那个是个笨蛋.
A spongey bum? Yeah.That's a cool name.I like that. 一个海绵状的流浪汉?是的.这个名字真酷.我喜欢那样.
It's a naughty name! It IS a naughty name. 这是一个顽皮的名字!这是一个顽皮的名字.
The purple one here comes from the white ones on the rock here. 这里的紫色来自这里岩石上的白色.
Unfortunately,you have to 不幸的是,你必须
ferment them with urine. 用尿液发酵它们.
Old urine,really,was the old 老尿,真的,是老尿
technique! That's why this smells... 技巧!这就是为什么这气味...
For about a month,even better! 大约一个月,甚至更好!
They eat mice,but when you get dry weather, 他们吃老鼠,但是当你天气干燥的时候,
what they live on then is slugs. 他们赖以生存的是蛞蝓.
I love being up on the moors,like this,just after dawn. 我喜欢在荒原上,就像这样,天刚亮.
My favourite time of day and my favourite habitat 我最喜欢的时间和我最喜欢的栖息地
and there's some really special birds up here. 这里有一些非常特别的鸟.
Now,I'm looking for black grouse and this moor 现在,我在找黑松鸡和这沼地
up in Denbighshire is one of the best in the whole of Wales for them. 对他们来说,登比郡是整个威尔士最好的城市之一.
And I remember,must be 25 years ago now,when I was still working for 我记得,一定是25年前的事了,那时我还在为......工作.
the RSPB,a film crew followed me up onto these moors, RSPB,一个摄制组跟踪我到这些荒原上,
while I was carrying out a survey of black grouse. 当我对黑松鸡进行调查的时候.
It was for a series called Visions Of Snowdonia 这是一个名为《斯诺登尼亚的幻象》的系列节目
and it was narrated by Sir Anthony Hopkins. 安东尼*霍普金斯爵士讲述了这件事.
The mating dance of the black grouse gives Iolo 黑松鸡的交配舞蹈给了Iolo
the opportunity to count the birds in their vanishing habitat. 有机会数数鸟类在他们消失的栖息地.
The heather moorlands on which the grouse raise their young have 松鸡抚养幼崽的石南花沼泽地
become victim to agricultural improvement and afforestation. 成为农业改良和植树造林的受害者.
Sadly,the annual census seems now to be 可悲的是,年度人口普查现在似乎是
a chronicle of irreversible decline. 不可逆转的衰落的编年史.
What time were you up this morning,Iolo? Three o'clock this morning. 你今天早上几点起床,伊洛?今天早上三点.
Just had a bite to eat before I came out. 在我出来之前吃了点东西.
But this is my last day doing black grouse this year, 但这是我今年做黑松鸡的最后一天了,
because the peak time really is April and May to come out and... 因为高峰时间真的是四月和五月出来和...
To count birds on lek. 数鸟在lek上.
So this is it now for another year,thankfully. 谢天谢地,现在又是一年了.
What are leks? Leks are those areas where... 什么是leks?Leks是那些地方...
The males gather together,they do 雄性聚集在一起,它们聚集在一起
this amazing display where they puff themselves up, 这个令人惊异的展示,他们把自己吹起来,
they fan out these tails 他们扇出这些尾巴
and whereas usually they're sort of a lovely bluey-black colour 而通常它们是一种可爱的蓝黑色
with red wattles above the eyes,they then fan out a brilliant white 眼睛上方有红色的水滴,然后扇出一个灿烂的白色
tail and they display to each other,this is the males, 尾巴和它们互相展示,这是雄性,
and what they're doing,they're doing two things,really. 他们在做什么,他们在做两件事,真的.
First of all,they're attracting hens in and the reason 首先,他们吸引母鸡进来,原因是
we go out in April and May to count these birds is because that's 我们在四月和五月出去数这些鸟是因为那是
when the hens come in and it's a bit like a disco, 当母鸡进来的时候,它有点像迪斯科舞厅,
if you like,like a bird disco,whereas in man's world,you get... 如果你喜欢,就像一个鸟的迪斯科舞厅,而在人类的世界里,你会得到...
The females will sort of dance around a handbag,whatever 女性会围着手提包跳舞,不管怎样
they do,and the males come in and say,"Hey,do you want to dance?" 他们这样做,男性进来说,"嘿,你想跳舞吗?"
It's actually the other way around here, 实际上是另一条路,
because you've got all of these males displaying 因为你把所有的雄性都展示出来了
and the hen comes in and the males strut about 母鸡进来了,雄鸡昂首阔步地走来走去
and sort of almost fight each other for her. 几乎是为了她而互相争斗.
And this is the display,filmed here a few years 这是显示,在这里拍摄了几年
later on Ruabon Mountain for my Secret Life Of Birds series. 后来在鲁邦山为我的秘密生活的鸟类系列.
It's important to retain the best position on the lek, 在lek上保持最佳位置很重要,
as it'll be the biggest,most powerful male at the centre, 因为它将是中心最大、最强大的男性,
who will mate with 80% of the females. 谁会和80%的雌性交配.
The battle for this position is intense. 这个位置的战斗是激烈的.
The red head parts,or wattles,are normally a quarter of this size, 红色的头部部分,或蜂鸣器,通常是这个大小的四分之一,
but during lekking,they're engorged by blood to make them more visible. 但在lekking期间,他们被血液吞噬,使他们更加明显.
The tail also transforms into a bright white fan. 尾巴也变成一个明亮的白色风扇.
This is purely a threat display,but a very elaborate one. 这纯粹是一个威胁显示,但一个非常复杂的.
The dominant grouse is on the right. 占主导地位的松鸡在右边.
Males will lek all year round,but it becomes more 男性会lek全年,但它变得更多
intensive at the end of April when the females arrive. 密集在四月底,当女性到达.
They've been attracted by the noise and the bright colours of the males. 它们被雄性的噪音和鲜艳的颜色所吸引.
The females are quite drab birds and that's because once mated,they 雌鸟是相当单调的鸟,这是因为一旦交配,它们就会交配
alone are tasked with incubating the eggs and raising the chicks. 单独的任务是孵化鸡蛋和饲养雏鸟.
This dominant male is centre of attention for two females. 这个占主导地位的男性是两个女性关注的中心.
The other males stay warily at the fringes. 其他雄性在边缘保持警惕.
His long battle for territory,which has taken a full year, 他漫长的领土之战,这已经花了整整一年的时间,
has finally paid off and mating takes place. 终于得到了回报,交配发生了.
All that for a couple of seconds. 这一切都持续了几秒钟.
There's nothing quite like getting up, 没有什么比起床更好的了,
I don't think,before first light, 我不认为,在天亮之前,
going up onto the moorland edge and watching a black grouse lek. 走到荒原边缘,看着一只黑松鸡.
The sound,it just carries for miles, 声音,它只是传了好几英里,
and the colour and watching the birds fighting,it's a... 颜色和看着鸟儿打架,这是一个...
It's pretty much unique in the whole of the UK. 它在整个英国都很独特.
It's a fantastic thing to watch. 这是一件很棒的事情.
And I'm pleased to say that in Wales, 我很高兴地说,在威尔士,
black grouse numbers are actually holding their own. 黑松鸡的数字实际上是有自己的.
It's about 300-400 males, 大约有300-400只雄性,
but the bad news is they've disappeared from most 但坏消息是他们已经从大多数人那里消失了
of South Wales and Mid Wales and 95% of that population is now 在南威尔士和中威尔士,95%的人口现在是
confined to North and North East Wales. 仅限于威尔士北部和东北部.
Now,sometimes,whilst filming for BBC Wales, 现在,有时,在为BBC威尔士拍摄时,
we did venture outside Wales and way back in 2003, 我们在威尔士以外的地方冒险,早在2003年,
we ventured up to the Highlands of Scotland to film an iconic bird 我们冒险到苏格兰高地拍摄一只标志性的鸟
that's disappeared from Wales now,the golden eagle, 现在从威尔士消失了,金鹰,
in company of RSPB warden Stewart Bain. 在RSPB监狱长斯图尔特*贝恩的陪伴下.
Yeah,yeah,yeah.You got it? 是的,是的,是的.你明白了吗?
Yeah.Oh,fantastic.Here we go again. 是的.哦,太棒了.又来了.
It's the way they tuck their wings in. 这就是他们收拢翅膀的方式.
It's motoring now,too.Look at that! Oh! 现在也在开车了.你看!噢!
Wow! 哇塞!
Woo! 呜!
Oh,it's got some material for the nest 哦,它有做巢的材料
and it's hanging on to it underneath.Oh,absolutely superb! 它挂在下面.哦,太棒了!
Straight onto the nest.Straight into the nest. 直接到巢上.直接进入巢穴.
That is a big nest! Yeah.Look at the size of the thing! 那是一个大窝!是的.看看这东西的大小!
Yeah,so they'll be adding twigs and grass and bits of rushes...Yeah. 是的,所以他们会添加树枝,草和灯芯草...是的.
will be added. 将被添加.
They'll make a little cup that the eggs will be laid in, 他们会做一个小杯子,把鸡蛋放在里面,
so this is clearly the nest that this pair is going to 所以这显然是这对夫妇要去的巢穴
lay in in a couple of weeks' time. 几周后再睡.
And do they do,like buzzards,add a bit of greenery onto it? Yeah. 他们会像秃鹰一样,在上面添加一点绿色植物吗?是的.
Yeah. 是的.
That is an absolutely magnificent bird! 那是一只绝对壮观的鸟!
It really is! 它确实是!
You see it on the nest? Yeah.Oh,brilliant! 你在巢上看到吗?是的.哦,太棒了!
I mean,these nests,some of them are very traditional 我是说,这些巢穴,有些非常传统
and they'll have been there for decades,sometimes, 他们会在那里呆了几十年,有时,
and they just add a little bit to them every year, 他们每年都会增加一点,
so they can end up four,five,six feet high. 这样它们就能达到四、五、六英尺高.
Yeah.Up again.Oh,yeah.Look at that! 是的.又起来了.哦,是的.你看!
Wow! And that wing span is,what,six feet plus? Oh,yeah. 哇塞! 那翼展是,什么,六英尺多?哦,是的.
It's like a flying barn door,isn't it? Yeah. 就像一扇会飞的谷仓门,不是吗?是的.
Just the way he's using the wind...Oh,the other one's up as well! 就像他利用风的方式...哦,另一个也起来了!
Lynfa? Yeah.The other one's up over there. 林法?是的.另一个在那边.
Where's that one? Hey,we might have a display.See it? 那个在哪?嘿,我们可能有一个展示.看到了吗?
Skimming the top of the rocks.He's coming across.And this one... 掠过岩石的顶部.他过来了.还有这个...
You watch that one,I'll keep an eye on this one,here. 你看着那个,我看着这个,在这里.
What's this one going to do now? 这家伙现在要做什么?
Cor,they're big birds,Stewart! Aren't they? Just look at the size. 科尔,他们是大鸟,斯图尔特!不是吗?只要看看大小.
A lot of folk see buzzards and think they're eagles, 很多人看到秃鹰,认为他们是鹰,
but once you see an eagle,you really do know,don't you? Yeah. 但一旦你看到一只鹰,你真的知道,是吗?是的.
I know.I've made that mistake,myself! Yeah. 我知道..我自己也犯了这个错误!是的.
Oh,it's going to land. 它要着陆了.
No? Just drifting along the hillside.Just using the wings... 没有?只是沿着山坡漂流.只是用翅膀...
Look at his talons! Superb! 看看他的爪子!太棒了!
Is he going to land? No. 他要着陆吗?非也..
You can see the gold as well on the edge of the wings.Yeah,the gold. 你也可以在翅膀的边缘看到金子.是的,金子.
And it's a full adult. 这是一个完整的成年人.
There's no white we're really seeing under the wings or under the tail. 我们真的看不到翅膀下或尾巴下的白色.
Yeah,yeah.Oh,right,OK. 是的,是的.哦,好的,好的.
Yeah,that one is a big,big bird.Yeah. 是啊,那只是一只很大很大的鸟.是的.
A bit more bulk.Look at those talons! 多一点.看看那些爪子!
A bit paler at the base of the tail,by the looks of it,as well. 从外观上看,尾巴底部也有点苍白.
Look at that! Which might suggest it's a slightly younger bird. 你看!这可能表明它是一只稍微年轻一点的鸟.
It's not always a totally reliable... 它并不总是一个完全可靠的...
Oh,they're going to come together now.Oh,yeah,so they are. 他们现在要走到一起了.是啊,他们是.
Wow! Wow! 哇塞! 哇塞!
That is fantastic! They've both landed.Yeah. 太棒了!他们都着陆了.是的.
Oh! Oh,hello! 噢!哦,你好!
We might have a bit of how's your father.We are.There we are,look! 我们可能知道你父亲怎么样了.我们是.我们到了,看!
Hello! 你好!
It's that time of year.It's that time,the sap is rising.Yeah. 现在是......year.It就在那时,树液正在上升.是的.
He lasted at least five seconds.That's a good effort. 他至少持续了五秒钟.这是一个很好的努力.
That is a good effort.Good man! 这是一个很好的努力.好人!
Absolutely brilliant! Wonderful! That is amazing,Stewie! 绝对精彩!太棒了!太神奇了,Stewie!
And they're not bothered at all by us,are they? No. 他们一点也不被我们打扰,对吧?非也..
They're just carrying on,completely naturally. 他们只是在继续,完全自然.
That was an amazing thing to see,mating golden eagles.Do you know? 这是一件令人惊奇的事情,交配金eagles.Do 你知道吗?
I've been going up to the Highlands of Scotland for about 40 years 我去苏格兰高地已经有40年了
now and that's the only time I've seen it, 这是我唯一一次看到它,
so we do sometimes get very lucky on these shoots. 所以我们有时会很幸运地拍摄这些照片.
And if there's one bird I could have back in Wales,it would 如果我能在威尔士找到一只鸟,它就会
be golden eagles. 做金雕.
They used to be here,up till about the 1600s,but 400 years now, 他们曾经在这里,直到1600年代,但现在已经有400年了,
they've been gone,but for a short period of about ten years, 他们已经走了,但在短短的十年左右,
we did have one female golden eagle living wild in the Tregaron 我们确实有一只雌性金鹰生活在特雷加隆野外
area of Mid Wales and I was lucky enough to use a portable hide 威尔士中部地区和我很幸运地用了一个手提式的藏身之处
to film her feeding on a rabbit. 拍摄她吃兔子的照片.
She is just ripping this thing apart! 她只是把这东西撕碎!
She's an absolute beauty,she really is! 她是一个绝对的美女,她真的是!
Oh! 噢!
Amazing-looking bird! 漂亮的鸟!
And even if she ate all that rabbit by herself,you know... 即使她一个人吃了所有的兔子,你知道的...
Sheep ticking her off as well. 羊也把她赶走了.
Even if she ate all that rabbit by herself,it would feed her, 即使她自己吃了所有的兔子,它也会养活她,
what,for a day? Maybe a day and a half. 什么,一天?也许一天半.
She'd be looking for food again,soon after that. 不久之后,她会再次寻找食物.
She's a big bird.A big,heavy bird. 她是只大鸟.一只又大又重的鸟.
And this is one of those amazing moments where,you know, 这是一个令人惊异的时刻,你知道,
here I am,what,40 metres away from a golden eagle, 我在这儿,什么,离一只金鹰40米远,
in the Cambrian Mountains of Wales. 在威尔士的寒武纪山脉.
What a bird! Do you know what? 真是一只鸟!你知道吗?
Of all the things I've watched and filmed in Wales,I think 在我在威尔士观看和拍摄的所有事情中,我想
that golden eagle was the very best, 那只金鹰是最好的,
but the sad thing is just a few months after we filmed her,she was 但可悲的是就在我们拍摄她几个月后,她
found dead by walkers in the Cambrian Mountains. 在寒武纪山区被步行者发现死亡.
Now,they carried out a postmortem and in the end,she died 现在,他们进行了尸检,最后,她死了
of aspergillosis,which is like a fungal infection,but she would have 曲霉病,就像真菌感染,但她会有
been probably about 14,15 years old,which is middle age,so she 大概是14,15岁,也就是中年,所以她
had a good life,it's just a shame she couldn't find a partner there. 过着美好的生活,只是可惜她在那里找不到伴侣.
And over my 25 years,we've filmed quite a few birds of prey 在我25年的时间里,我们拍摄了不少猛禽
and here's another one for you.It's quite a rare falcon called a hobby. 这里还有一个you.It这是一种相当罕见的猎鹰,被称为业余爱好.
It's an African migrant,it's found in Wales,mainly in the south 这是非洲移民,它发现在威尔士,主要是在南部
east,and this is a nest on farmland near Abergavenny. 东,这是阿伯加文尼附近农田上的一个巢穴.
As falcons never build their own nest, 因为猎鹰从不自己筑巢,
this one's using an old crow's nest to raise its chicks. 这只鸟用一个古老的乌鸦巢来养它的雏鸟.
It has three. 它有三个.
With the nest site known 已知巢穴
and a special licence obtained to be near it, 及在附近取得的特别牌照,
it's an opportunity to observe this elusive bird of prey at close hand. 这是一个近距离观察这种难以捉摸的猛禽的机会.
Once again,I'm using my inconspicuous tent, 再次,我用我的不起眼的帐篷,
but this time armed with a direct video feed from the nest. 但这次用鸟巢的直接视频饲料武装起来.
She's coming closer now. 她越来越近了.
This is nice.One of the adults has just come in. 这很好.一个大人刚进来.
Very,very briefly dropped some food on there,has gone off again and two 非常,非常短暂地掉了一些食物在那里,又走了两个
of the chicks,the biggest two,by the looks of things,they're tucking 在雏鸟中,最大的两只,看样子,它们在吃东西
into it now,leaving the youngest one to wait his or her turn. 现在进入它,留下最小的一个等待轮到他或她.
These are about three weeks old,so up till now,the adults have landed 这些都是大约三个星期大,所以到现在为止,成年人已经着陆了
there,they've broken up the prey,they've fed the youngsters, 在那里,他们打散了猎物,喂了年轻人,
but from now on in,for the next week or so,when they're still in 但从现在开始,在接下来的一周左右,当他们还在的时候
that nest,they just dump the food off and they'll feed themselves. 那个巢,他们只是把食物倒掉,然后自己养活自己.
And hobbies are fantastic birds,because they're very agile, 爱好是很棒的鸟,因为它们非常敏捷,
very manoeuvrable and they're one of the few birds that actively 非常灵活,它们是为数不多的活跃的鸟类之一
hunt swallows,housemartins,even swifts, 捕猎燕子,室内动物,甚至雨燕,
but they also feed on large insects like dragonflies,too. 但它们也以蜻蜓等大型昆虫为食.
So,I couldn't quite make out what that was. 所以,我不太清楚那是什么.
It probably wasn't an insect.I think it was a bird, 它可能不是昆虫.我想是只鸟,
because they're still eating it now,but exactly what it was, 因为他们现在还在吃,但到底是什么,
I just couldn't make out. 我就是看不清楚.
And the good news is that hobbies have continued to increase 好消息是爱好继续增加
over the past 25 years and can now be seen virtually all over Wales. 在过去的25年里,现在几乎可以看到整个威尔士.
Now,a hide. 现在,一个隐藏.
Essential piece of equipment and a portable hide like this, 重要的设备和像这样的便携式隐藏,
even better, 更好,
but only if you read the instructions first. 但前提是你先阅读说明.
Yeah,it's going to be touch and go if I can get it in here. 是的,如果我能把它弄进来,就会碰运气.
It's going to be touch and go if I can get the BLEEP up at all! BLEEP. 如果我能把哔哔声弄起来,那就走吧!咩咩的.
There we BLEEP are. 我们在那里.
And I have not touched another hide since then. 从那以后,我再也没有碰过另一个皮了.
I just leave all of that now to the crew to get on with it. 我现在把所有的事情都交给船员来处理.
One of the joys of this job for me is 这份工作对我来说的乐趣之一是
when I meet enthusiastic people,who are really knowledgeable 当我遇到热心的人,他们真的很有学问
about groups of plants and animals that I don't really know much about. 关于一群我不太了解的植物和动物.
Take fungi,for example.Mushrooms and toadstools. 以真菌为例.蘑菇和毒菌.
They can be incredibly tricky. 它们可能非常棘手.
So when I went into a wood near Crickhowell with mycologist 所以当我和真菌学家一起走进克里克霍威尔附近的一片树林时
Sheila Spencer,I found it absolutely fascinating. 希拉*斯宾塞,我发现它非常迷人.
Just back down there,I found these.Now,that one's a spongey bum. 就在下面,我找到了这些.现在,那个是个海绵状的流浪汉.
Spongey bum? Yeah! That's a cool name.It's a naughty name. 海绵宝宝?耶!太酷了name.It这是个淘气的名字.
It IS a naughty name,yeah. 这是一个顽皮的名字,是的.
It's commonly known as a spongey bottom.Right. 它通常被称为海绵底部.对.
And that one? That's quite a colourful one.This one... 那个呢?这是一个相当丰富多彩的.这个...
This is lovely.It's a bit of a dried up version,really. 这是lovely.It这是一个有点干涸的版本,真的.
It's not a very good one.But it's amethyst deceiver.Oh,what a name! 这不是一个很好的.但这是紫水晶的骗子.哦,多好的名字!
And I am told that they are very,very good cooked in vodka 我被告知,他们在伏特加中煮得非常非常好
and poured over ice cream. 然后倒在冰淇淋上.
Right,OK,I tell you what,I'll take that home with me.Right! 好吧,好吧,我告诉你,我把它带回家.宜乎!
I'll take that one home with me.Vodka and ice cream.Yeah. 我要把那个带回家.伏特加和冰淇淋.是的.
That's my kind of fungus! Yes.Let's see what else we can find. 那是我的真菌!是的.让我们看看我们还能找到什么.
Oh,that's lovely! What's that one,then? 哦,真可爱!那这是什么?
Well,it's a similar colour,isn't it,to that one,the amethyst 嗯,这是一个类似的颜色,不是吗,那个,紫水晶
deceiver? It is,yeah.But this one is the wood blewit. 骗子?是的,是的.但这是木头流血.
Wood blewit? Yes.It's another good edible. 木头流血?Yes.It这是另一种很好的食物.
And if you look at the stem... 如果你看看茎...
Can you see the purpley lines on the stem? Oh,yes.Yeah,yeah. 你能看到茎上的紫色线条吗? 哦,是的.是的,是的.
So they'll be around right through the winter frost.Oh,will they? 所以他们会在冬天霜冻的时候出现.哦,他们会吗?
Right through till about Christmas.And you say I can eat that one? 一直到圣诞节.你说我能吃那个?
Absolutely.I'll come back and get that one afterwards.Yes. 绝对正确.我会回来拿那个.是的.
Yes.They're very good.Wood blewit? Yes.Right,OK. 是的.他们非常好.木头流血?是的.好的,好的.
I remember these names.More here,look.Yes,now,that's one to avoid. 我记得这些名字.更多在这里,看.是的,现在,这是一个要避免的.
Oh,is it? Yes.Oh,right. 哦,是吗?是的.哦,对.
So,people get this muddle up with something else that you can eat. 所以,人们会把你可以吃的东西弄得一团糟.
Right.Although I don't think it's particularly good.OK. 对.虽然我觉得不是特别好.好的.
This is a thing called sulphur tuft.Sulphur tuft? Yes.Right. 这是一种叫做硫磺簇的东西.硫磺簇?是的.对.
And I'm going to pick one and show you what it looks like underneath. 我要挑一个,让你看看下面是什么样子.
Right,OK.Because that's the way you recognise it.OK. 好的,好的.因为这是你认识它的方式.好的.
But you say leave well alone,this one? Yes,don't try and eat it. 但你说别管这个?是的,不要试图吃它.
They say you can eat every fungus once. 他们说你可以吃每个真菌一次.
Yeah.But some of them will...Will kill you. 是的.但他们中的一些人会...会杀了你的.
Yeah.Right,OK.Look how green it is. 是的.好的,好的.看看它有多绿.
It is,yeah.So if it's green underneath,that's sulphur tuft? 它是,yeah.So 如果下面是绿色的,那就是硫磺簇?
Yes.And what it is,it's got very,very black pores and a yellow flesh 是的.它是什么,它有非常非常黑色的毛孔和黄色的肉
and the black on the yellow makes it look green. 黄色上的黑色使它看起来是绿色的.
You say that it's not good for us to eat,it's bad for us, 你说我们吃不好,对我们不好,
but something has eaten it.Oh,yes.Slugs will eat it,yes. 但是有东西把它吃掉了.哦,是的.蛞蝓会吃的,是的.
So will it kill the slugs? No. 那么它会杀死蛞蝓吗?非也..
No,cos they have a completely different digestive system. 不,因为他们有一个完全不同的消化系统.
They can eat anything,can't they? More or less,yes. 他们什么都能吃,不是吗?或多或少,是的.
Especially in the garden. 特别是在花园里.
What is lichen? Well,there's nobody better to ask than Ray Woods. 什么是地衣?没有比雷*伍兹更好的要求了.
Ray,come on,then.What are they? 雷,来吧.它们是什么?
Quite simply,they're a mixture of two organisms.It's a fungus 很简单,它们是两种混合物organisms.It是真菌
that's entrapped a normally free living algae,which is 它夹带着一个正常自由的活藻类,它是
a little plant.And it teaches the algae to produce food. 一株小植物.它教导藻类生产食物.
So it's an interesting relationship,it allows both of them 所以这是一个有趣的关系,它允许他们两个
to live in a place where neither could live on their own, 住在一个既不能独立生活的地方,
so it's a hugely beneficial relationship,very successful, 所以这是一个非常有益的关系,非常成功,
nearly 2,000 species in Britain alone,over 100 just 仅在英国就有近2000种,超过100种.
on the trees in the Elan Valley,so amazingly successful. 在伊兰山谷的树上,如此惊人的成功.
And what are they used for,or what have they been used for in the past? 它们是用来做什么的,或者过去它们是用来做什么的?
All sorts of things.In principle,people will know about them 各种各样的things.In 原则,人们会知道他们
because they've been used for dying wool.Here's an example. 因为它们被用来染色羊毛.这里有一个例子.
My jumper,yeah,the browns here... 我的飞船,是的,这里的布朗...
These browns come from this grey foliose one here. 这些棕色来自这个灰色的foliose.
It's called crottle in Scotland. 在苏格兰叫克罗特尔.
The Harris tweeds are dyed with it,it gives the Harris tweed its smell. 哈里斯花呢用它染色,它给了哈里斯花呢它的气味.
The purple one here comes from the white ones on the rock here. 这里的紫色来自这里岩石上的白色.
Unfortunately,you have to ferment them with urine. 不幸的是,你必须用尿液发酵它们.
Old urine,really,was the old technique! That's why this smells! 老尿,真的,是老技术!这就是为什么这气味!
For about a month,even better! 大约一个月,甚至更好!
And then you get this wonderful purple colour, 然后你就会得到这种美妙的紫色,
which you can just boil up the wool with and dye it with. 你可以用它把羊毛煮开,然后用它染色.
I learned a lot about adders from Tony Phelps,who was 我从托尼*菲尔普斯那里学到了很多关于adders的知识.
monitoring them early autumn,as they prepared for hibernation. 监测他们初秋,因为他们准备冬眠.
Ah,there she is! 啊,她来了!
Oh,wow! 哦,哇!
There we go.What a beauty,Tone! Female adder. 好了.多美啊,语气!母加法器.
And female because she's bronze colour? 女人是因为她是青铜色的?
Yeah,they vary,any shade of brown,you know. 是的,它们各不相同,任何棕色的阴影,你知道的.
But she's given birth recently. 但她最近生了孩子.
How do you know that? Well,you can see there, 你怎么知道的?嗯,你可以看到那里,
see how the way the body's shrivelled at the end,there? 看到尸体最后干瘪的样子了吗?
She's very,very thin in this section,isn't she? Yeah. 她在这方面非常非常瘦,是吗?是的.
She's given birth to about maybe seven,eight,nine young. 她生了大概七八九岁
What a fantastic-looking creature? Six or seven...Yeah. 多漂亮的生物啊?六七个...是的.
What I need to do now is to weigh her,just establish... 我现在需要做的是权衡她,只是建立...
I weighed her when she was pregnant.She weighed 104 grams.Right. 她怀孕的时候我给她称了一下体重.她体重104克.对.
So we'll weigh her now and see how much body mass she's actually lost. 所以我们现在给她称重,看看她实际上失去了多少体重.
How do you know it's the same one? 你怎么知道是同一个?
The head markings.I've got photo IDs of all these adders now. 头部标记.我现在有这些添加者的照片Id.
But in addition to that,you'll see there,there's a scale clipped. 但除此之外,你会看到那里,有一个规模剪辑.
Oh,right,OK.So you...See the scales are clipped underneath? I do. 哦,对OK.So 你..看到鳞片被夹在下面了吗? 我知道.
So they're clipped to a sort of preconceived code. 所以他们被剪切成一种先入为主的代码.
But this female,I've known since about 1985. 但这个女人,我从1985年就认识了.
Amazing! They're very,very long-lived,then. 太神奇了!那么,它们的寿命非常非常长.
Oh,yeah.Incredible.Look at that face. 哦,是的.难以置信.看看那张脸.
So we'll take her up onto the path,there,and we'll have a closer look. 所以我们把她带到小路上,仔细看看.
Brilliant! 太棒了!
See? She's quite calm. 看到了吗?她很冷静.
I'm just going to put her down there,while I get my equipment out. 我要把她放在那里,我把我的设备拿出来.
And then I'll show you the safe way to handle an adder. 然后我会告诉你处理加法器的安全方法.
You're familiar with a Pesola scale,of course.Yeah,for weighing,yeah. 当然,你对比索拉量表很熟悉.是的,为了称重,是的.
But the case it comes in also doubles up as a safety device. 但它进来的情况也加倍作为安全装置.
Throughout the world,whatever you're handling,whether it be 在世界各地,无论你在处理什么,无论是
puff adders,cobras or whatever,the safest way to handle a snake 河豚、眼镜蛇或其他什么,最安全的处理蛇的方法
is just take the snake gently by the tail... 只是轻轻地抓住蛇的尾巴...
There you go,my darling. 给你,亲爱的.
In there. 在那里.
Snake's safe.Instant snake holder. 蛇很安全.即时蛇架.
Well,you can do that perfectly safe.Yeah. 好吧,你可以做到这一点非常安全.是的.
And all this business about jabbing them behind the head 还有把他们捅到脑后的事
and picking them up by the jaws,you can... 然后用下巴把它们捡起来,你就可以了...
Snakes are very delicate in that area. 蛇在那个地区很脆弱.
You know,you can damage them 你知道,你会伤害他们的
and this is not causing her too much stress. 这并没有给她带来太大的压力.
I'd like to see you put a boa constrictor in there,mind! 我想看到你把一条大蟒蛇放进去,小心!
I learned a lot about badgers from Gareth Morgan. 我从加雷斯*摩根那里学到了很多关于獾的知识.
Way back in 2007,I went with Gareth and my son,Dewi, 早在2007年,我和加雷斯和我的儿子杜维一起去了,
to watch some very tame badgers in broad daylight. 在光天化日之下看一些非常温顺的獾.
They were tame because Gareth had been feeding them 他们温顺,因为加雷斯一直在喂他们
at the sett for many years. 在sett多年.
So this is all the mud they've dug out from the ground. 这就是他们从地上挖出来的泥.
They've dug all this out from underground, 他们从地下挖出了这一切,
then it's weathered,and then it goes as hard as concrete. 然后它被风化了,然后就像混凝土一样坚硬.
Come and get...Here you are,come and get this. 来吧...给你,过来拿这个.
Come on,good girl. 来吧,好女孩.
They're so...Now,you can see them,Dew.See those little eyes? 事实确实如此...现在,你可以看到他们了,露水.看到那双小眼睛了吗?
Little small eyes,right in the middle of the dark stripe. 小小的小眼睛,就在深色条纹的中间.
Can they see well? Very near... 他们能看得清楚吗?非常近...
No,they can hear well and smell well,but they can't see very well. 不,他们听得好,闻得好,但他们看得不太清楚.
Look at the claws on the front,Dew.Notice,big,big claws. 看看前面的爪子,露水.注意,大,大爪子.
And if you can see the back,nothing there at all. 如果你能看到后面,那里什么也没有.
So,they dig with the front claws? Yeah.Here you are.Come on. 那么,他们用前爪挖?是的.给你.加油!.
It's amazing,isn't it? 太神奇了,不是吗?
Because this is very rare,Gareth,to get this close to badgers. 因为这是很罕见的,加雷斯,接近獾.
It's taken many years for me to get this close to them, 我花了很多年才接近他们,
at least 25 years. 至少25年.
You're feeding them peanuts.What would they eat naturally? 你在喂他们花生.他们会自然吃什么?
They eat mice and they like young rabbits as well. 他们吃老鼠,他们也喜欢年轻的兔子.
And how about things like earthworms and beetles? 蚯蚓和甲虫之类的东西呢?
Well,earthworms supposedly is their favourite meal. 据说蚯蚓是他们最喜欢的食物.
But when you get weather conditions... 但是当你得到天气条件...
We've got very hot weather conditions at the moment and 我们现在天气很热,
we've had dry weather and the ground is hard and the worms are very low. 我们有干燥的天气,地面很硬,蠕虫很低.
So what they live on,then,is slugs.Oh,is it? 所以他们赖以生存的是蛞蝓.哦,是吗?
Yes.Oh,they love a slug or two. 是的.他们喜欢一两个鼻涕虫.
At the moment,they're quite hungry.They're not finding a lot. 目前,他们很饿.他们没有找到很多.
If they don't have something to eat soon, 如果他们没有东西很快吃,
a few of these cubs wouldn't survive. 这些幼崽中有几只活不下去.
They wouldn't survive the winter. 他们活不过冬天.
And I still occasionally go to that very same sett, 我还是偶尔会去同一个地方,
sit down and watch them of an evening. 坐下来,看着他们的一个晚上.
And that young lad there,well,that was my son,Dewi, 那个年轻的小伙子,那是我的儿子,杜维,
who is now in his mid-20s,and also the late and much-lamented 谁是现在在他的20多岁,也是已故的,非常感叹
Gareth Morgan,or Gareth the Badger Man,as we knew him. 加雷斯*摩根,或者我们认识的獾人加雷斯.
A great,great character. 一个伟大的,伟大的人物.
Well,it's been great fun trawling through the archives 翻阅档案真是太有趣了
and I'm going to leave you now with an insight into the intelligence 我现在要留给你一个关于情报的洞见
and inventiveness of birds. 和鸟类的创造性.
We think we're so clever,but sometimes the birds 我们认为我们很聪明,但有时鸟儿
put us to shame. 让我们羞愧.
It's amazing just where some birds will build their nests,sometimes. 有些鸟有时会筑巢,这真是太神奇了.
That's not a bad spot cos it's got a bit of a sign behind it,there,and 这不是一个坏的地方,因为它背后有一个标志,那里,和
most of the wind and the rain comes from down that way, 大部分的风和雨都是从那边下来的,
so it can hunker down,it can shelter. 这样它就可以蹲下来,可以躲起来.
And they've done well here,because it's got at least... 他们在这里做得很好,因为至少有...
I can see one big chick,big fat squab underneath, 我能看到一个大妞,下面是一个大肥妞,
there may well be two there. 那里可能有两个.
This is a typical long-tailed tit's nest here.It's tucked out the way 这是一个典型的长尾山雀巢here.It躲在路上
in a real jungle of thorns and bramble bushes there. 在一个真正的荆棘丛林和荆棘丛中.
And when the female lays her eggs, 当雌鸟产卵的时候,
there's enough space in there for everyone, 那里有足够的空间供每个人使用,
but when those eggs hatch and the chicks are about two weeks old, 但是当这些卵孵化出来的时候,雏鸟大约两周大了,
like they are in this nest,there's hardly any room at all, 就像他们在这个巢里一样,几乎没有任何空间,
so what they do is they weave spiders' webs into the nest 所以他们所做的就是把蜘蛛网织进巢里
and so as the chicks grow,the next expands out. 所以当雏鸟长大后,下一个会扩展.
Crows are intelligent birds.There are three or four on this spit here, 乌鸦是聪明的鸟.这里的吐痰上有三四个,
trying to open cockles and mussels. 试图打开公鸡和贻贝.
Trouble they've got,their beaks are not adapted for battering shells, 他们有麻烦了,他们的喙不适合打炮弹,
so what they do,they pick them up,fly into the air, 所以他们做什么,他们把他们捡起来,飞到空中,
and drop them on the rocks. 把它们扔到岩石上.
And if it doesn't open the first time, 如果它第一次不打开,
they'll repeat the process over and over again, 他们会一遍又一遍地重复这个过程,
and what I find fascinating is that this isn't instinctive. 我觉得有趣的是,这不是本能的.
This is learned behaviour, 这是学习行为,
which means that initially there was just one bird doing it. 这意味着最初只有一只鸟在做.
All the others have learned from that individual. 所有其他人都从那个人身上学到了东西.
That's a sign of intelligence. 这是智慧的标志.
And I'll be back with more intelligent birds 我会带着更聪明的鸟回来
and fantastic wildlife in hopefully many more series. 和梦幻般的野生动物在希望更多的系列.